Erschienen in:
20.08.2018 | Meta-Analysis
The association of smoking and risk of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis
verfasst von:
Xiaoling Cai, Yifei Chen, Wenjia Yang, Xueying Gao, Xueyao Han, Linong Ji
Erschienen in:
Endocrine
|
Ausgabe 2/2018
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Abstract
Purpose
To clarify the relevance between smoking and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods
Published evidence were searched in MEDLINE and EMBASE from the databases began until Feb. 2017. Studies evaluating the association between smoking and diabetic retinopathy or evaluating the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy including smoking were included.
Results
Totally 73 studies were identified, among which 19 studies included type 1 diabetes patients and 56 studies included type 2 diabetes patients. In type 1 diabetes, compare with non-smokers, the risk of diabetic retinopathy significantly increased in smokers (risk ratio (RR) = 1.23, 95% CI 1.14, 1.33, P < 0.001), and the risk of proliferative diabetic retinopathy also significantly increased in smokers (RR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.20, 1.81, P < 0.001). In type 2 diabetes, compare with non-smokers, the risk of diabetic retinopathy significantly decreased in smokers (RR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.86, 0.98, P = 0.02) and the risk of proliferative diabetic retinopathy also significantly decreased in smokers (RR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.61, 0.74, P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Compare with non-smokers, the risk of diabetic retinopathy significantly increased in smokers with type 1 diabetes while significantly decreased in smokers with type 2 diabetes. However, this result did not change the importance of smoking cessation for public health.