Purpose of the review
Respiratory infections, including community acquired pneumonia (CAP), are considered among the most common indications of antibiotic therapy. However, there is no clear consensus regarding what is a safe and effective duration of antibiotic treatment course for CAP. Additionally, antibiotic overuse is considered a major contributor to antibiotic resistance and adverse drug events.
Recent findings
Recent guidelines published by medical societies in developed countries tend to recommend antibiotic treatment durations up to 10 days. However, many recent studies in both developed and developing countries, where they tend to treat with shorter courses of 3–5 days, have demonstrated that a short antibiotic course (5 days) is non-inferior to the current recommended course in most developed countries.
Summary
This review article summarizes the current clinical practice guidelines and reviews recent scientific evidence supporting shorter antibiotic courses among pediatric patients with uncomplicated CAP.