Background
Principal cut-off points | Additional cut-off points | |
---|---|---|
Underweight | <18.50 | <18.50 |
Severe thinness | <16.00 | <16.00 |
Moderate thinness | 16.00–16.99 | 16.00–16.99 |
Mild thinness | 17.00–18.49 | 17.00–18.49 |
Normal range | 18.50–24.99 | 18.50–22.99 |
23.00–24.99 | ||
Overweight | ≥25.00 | ≥25.00 |
Pre-obese | 25.00–29.99 | 25.00–27.49 |
27.50–29.99 | ||
Obese | ≥30.00 | ≥30.00 |
Obese class I | 30.00–34.99 | 30.00–32.49 |
32.50–34.99 | ||
Obese class II | 35.00–39.99 | 35.00–37.49 |
37.50–39.99 | ||
Obese class III | ≥40.00 | ≥40.00 |
Study objectives
Primary objective
Secondary objectives
-
The percentage of weight reduction in the intervention in comparison with control group
-
The difference in protein level (albumin/total protein) in post-bariatric patients receiving intervention compared with control group
-
The blood level changes in Vit B12, Magnesium and Zinc in the intervention group in comparison with the control group
-
The differences in the above changes in relation to types of bariatric surgery
Study hypothesis
Methods and design
Study participants
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
Sample size
Intervention and control
Intervention
Control (placebo)
Materials
-
Pure Whey Protein Isolate.
-
Whey protein isolate is the most pure and concentrated form of whey protein available.
-
Whey protein isolate contains higher protein content (90–95%) and less lactose (<0.5%). It is a complete protein with all the indispensable essential amino acids and is an exceptional source of branch chain amino acids (BCAAs), especially leucine, necessary for tissue growth.
-
Whey protein is a soluble, easy to digest protein and is efficiently absorbed into the body (Marshall, 2004).
-
Aside from amino acids, other biological components of whey protein include lactoferin (concentration is commonly 0.35–2.0% of total proteins), immunoglobulins (10–15% of total whey proteins), lactoperoxidase (accounts for 0.25–0.5% of total protein in whey), glycomacropeptide (with 10–15%), and bovine serum albumin (10–15% of total whey protein). These bioactive components together with the essential and non-essential amino acids help improve body mass index especially in individuals doing exercise programs, by enhancing muscle mass and reducing fat mass. (Marshall, 2004).
-
A 200 ml intervention can contains 20 g of protein, 250Kacl plus various micronutrient and macronutrient.
-
A 200 ml placebo can contains 0 g protein, fat free, 100 kcal and enriched with electrolytes, per can (200 ml).