Background
Methods
Protocol and registration
Eligibility criteria
Types of studies
Types of participant
Types of intervention
Control
Setting
Types of outcome measures
Date, language and location
Information sources
Electronic searches
Additional resources
Search
Study selection
Data management
Screening
Data extraction
Risk of bias
Method of analysis
Meta-analysis
Subgroup analysis
Results
Study selection
Study characteristics
Study ID | Country | Randomisation unit | Sample Size | Intervention duration | Length of follow-up | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervention | Control | |||||
Bass 2003 | USA | Individual | 94 | 63 | 12 months | 12 months |
Bass 2014 | USA | Clinic | 316 | 192 | 12 months | 12 months |
Callahan 2006 | USA | Physician | 84 | 69 | 12 months | 18 months |
Chien 2008 | China | Individual | 46 | 46 | 6 months | 12 months |
Chien 2011 | China | Individual | 44 | 44 | 6 months | 18 months |
Chu 2000 | Canada | Individual | 37 | 38 | 18 months | 18 months |
Dias 2008 | India | Individual | 41 | 40 | 6 months | 6 months |
Eloniemi-Sulkava 2001 | Finland | Individual | 53 | 47 | 2 year | 2 year |
Eloniemi-Sulkava 2009 | Finland | Individual | 63 | 62 | 2 year | 2 year |
Jansen 2011 | The Netherlands | Individual | 54 | 45 | 12 months | 12 months |
Lam 2009 | China | Individual | 59 | 43 | 4 months | 12 months |
Newcomer 1999 | USA | Individual | 4151 | 3944 | NR | 36 months |
Samus 2014 | USA | Individual | 106 | 183 | 18 months | 18 months |
Vickrey 2006 | USA | Clinic | 238 | 170 | 4–16 months | 18 months |
Risk of bias
Analysis results
Meta-analysis
Outcome Measure | Number of trials included | Follow-up time point range | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | I2
|
P Value |
Patient Hospitalisation | 6 | 12–18 months | 0.89 | 0.64 to 1.25 | 0% | 0.50 |
Patient Institutionalisation | 9 | 10–12 months | 0.60 | 0.32 to 1.11 | 48% | 0.10 |
Patient Mortality | 9 | 6–12 months | 0.97 | 0.81 to 1.16 | 0% | 0.73 |
Outcome Measure | Number of trials included | Standardised Mean Difference | 95% CI | I2
|
P Value | |
Patient Quality of Life | 3 | 12 months | 0.09 | −0.09 to 0.27 | 0% | 0.35 |
Patient Cognition | 4 | 12 months | −0.09 | −0.29 to 0.11 | 0% | 0.40 |
Patient Function | 3 | 6 months | −0.08 | −0.30 to 0.14 | 0% | 0.46 |
Caregiver Burden | 5 | 6–18 months | −0.54 | −1.01 to −0.07 | 92% | 0.02 |
Caregiver Mood | 6 | 6–18 months | −0.04 | −0.10 to 0.01 | 0% | 0.10 |
Caregiver Quality of Life | 4 | 9–12 months | 0.45 | −0.03 to 0.94 | 89% | 0.07 |
Social Support | 3 | 12 months | 0.38 | −0.08 to 0.84 | 81% | 0.10 |
Outcome Measure | Number of trials included | Mean Difference | 95% CI | I2
|
P Value | |
Patient Behaviour | 4 | 12 months | −9.52 | −18.05 to −1.00 | 88% | 0.03 |
Patient Depression | 3 | 9–12 months | 0.60 | −1.08 to 2.27 | 66% | 0.48 |
Subgroup analysis
Outcome Measure | Subgroups | Number of Trials Included | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | I2
|
p Value* |
Hospitalisation | Community base | 2 | 1.21 | 0.70 to 2.08 | 0% | |
Non-community base | 4 | 0.74 | 0.48 to 1.13 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.16 | |||||
Nursing background | 4 | 0.96 | 0.58 to 1.60 | 9% | ||
Non-nursing background | 2 | 0.81 | 0.51 to 1.31 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.63 | |||||
High contact | 2 | 0.49 | 0.19 to 1.30 | 0% | ||
Low contact | 3 | 0.97 | 0.61 to 1.53 | 19% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.22 | |||||
Supervision | 3 | 0.99 | 0.60 to 1.62 | 19% | ||
No supervision | 3 | 0.78 | 0.47 to 1.30 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.52 | |||||
Low workload | 4 | 0.74 | 0.48 to 1.13 | 0% | ||
High workload | 2 | 1.21 | 0.70 to 2.08 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.16 | |||||
Institutionalisation | Community base | 4 | 0.50 | 0.16 to 1.61 | 37% | |
Non-community base | 2 | 0.93 | 0.09 to 9.06 | 70% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.64 | |||||
Nursing background | 6 | 0.44 | 0.20 to 0.95 | 23% | ||
Non-nursing background | 2 | 0.69 | 0.10 to 4.98 | 49% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.67 | |||||
High contact | 3 | 0.38 | 0.11 to 1.34 | 39% | ||
Low contact | 3 | 1.05 | 0.21 to 5.18 | 43% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.33 | |||||
Supervision | 3 | 0.96 | 0.47 to 1.95 | 26% | ||
No supervision | 3 | 0.27 | 0.12 to 0.61 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.02 | |||||
Low workload | 2 | 0.23 | 0.08 to 0.67 | 0% | ||
High workload | 3 | 1.20 | 0.27 to 5.32 | 37% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.08 | |||||
Mortality | Community base | 4 | 0.74 | 0.36 to 1.51 | 0% | |
Non-community base | 2 | 1.71 | 0.55 to 5.30 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.22 | |||||
Nursing background | 4 | 1.44 | 0.65 to 3.15 | 0% | ||
Non-nursing background | 3 | 1.42 | 0.48 to 4.22 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.99 | |||||
High contact | 2 | 0.62 | 0.23 to 1.65 | 25% | ||
Low contact | 4 | 1.50 | 0.55 to 4.10 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.22 | |||||
Low workload | 2 | 0.50 | 0.18 to 1.36 | 0% | ||
High workload | 3 | 1.26 | 0.52 to 3.03 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.17 | |||||
Outcome Measure | Subgroups | Number of Trials Included | SMD | 95% CI | I2
|
p Value* |
Patient Cognition | Community base | 2 | 0.06 | −0.23 to 0.35 | 0% | |
Non-community base | 2 | −0.21 | −0.49 to 0.06 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.18 | |||||
Caregiver Burden | Supervision | 2 | −0.78 | −1.69 to 0.14 | 96% | |
No Supervision | 2 | −0.24 | −0.49 to 0.02 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.27 | |||||
Caregiver Mood | High contact | 2 | −0.05 | −0.11 to 0.00 | 0% | |
Low contact | 4 | 0.01 | −0.13 to 0.16 | 1% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.41 | |||||
Caregiver quality of life | Nursing background | 2 | 0.94 | 0.63 to 1.25 | 0% | |
Non-nursing background | 2 | 0.03 | −0.32 to 0.39 | 89% | ||
Subgroup difference | < 0.001 | |||||
Outcome Measure | Subgroups | Number of Trials Included | MD | 95% CI | I2
|
p Value* |
Patient Behaviour | Low workload | 2 | −13.2 | −28.23 to 1.75 | 95% | |
High workload | 2 | −5.4 | −10.63 to −0.17 | 0% | ||
Subgroup difference | 0.33 |