Introduction
Patients and methods
Study population
Variables | No (%) |
---|---|
Age | |
Median, years (range) | 62 (36–87) |
Menopausal status | |
Premenopausal | 56 (26) |
Postmenopausal | 161 (74) |
Unknown | 7 |
Type of surgery | |
BCS | 49 (22) |
BCS (no ALND) | 4 |
BCS + ALND | 45 |
Mastectomy | 175 (78) |
Mastectomy (no ALND) | 7 |
Mastectomy + ALND | 168 |
Tumor size (mm) | |
pT1 (≤ 20) | 125 (57) |
pT2 (> 20 and ≤ 50) | 83 (37) |
pT3 (> 50) | 13 (6) |
Undefined | 3 |
Nodal status | |
pN-(ALND) | 129 (61) |
cN-(no ALND)a | 11 |
pN+ | 84 (39) |
pN1 (1–3) | 40 (19) |
pN2 (4–9) | 33 (15) |
pN3 (> 9) | 11 (5) |
Adjuvant therapyb | |
None | 77 (35) |
RT (total) | 110 (49) |
CT (total) | 5 (2) |
ET (total) | 91 (41) |
RT (monotherapy) | 50 (22) |
CT (monotherapy) | 3 (1) |
ET (monotherapy) | 33 (15) |
RT + CT | 2 (1) |
RT + ET | 58 (26) |
CT + ET | 0 (0) |
RT + CT + ET | 0 (0) |
Unknown | 1 |
TMA preparation
IHC staining and scoring of prognostic biomarkers
Luminal-like classification
Description of gene expression datasets
Statistical analysis
Results
Follow-up data
AIB1, AR, and GPER and their associations to other prognostic factors
Variables | No (%) |
---|---|
PR | |
Positive (≥ 1%) | 162 (81) |
Negative (< 1%) | 37 (19) |
Missing | 25 |
Ki67 | |
Low (< 24%) | 182 (92) |
High (≥ 24%) | 15 (8) |
Missing | 27 |
AIB1 | |
Low (score < 6) | 194 (93) |
High (score 6) | 14 (7) |
Missing | 16 |
GPER | |
Negative (0) | 59 (28) |
Very weak (1) | 87 (42) |
Weak (2) | 60 (29) |
Moderate (3) | 3 (1) |
Strong (4) | 0 (0) |
Missing | 15 |
PM GPER | |
Positive (1 + 2) | 4 (2) |
Negative (0) | 205 (98) |
Missing | 15 |
AR | |
Positive (> 10%) | 183 (93) |
Negative (≤ 10%) | 13 (7) |
Missing | 28 |
NHG | |
1 | 28 (14) |
2 | 161 (80) |
3 | 13 (6) |
Missing | 22 |
N
| AIB1 low | AIB1 high |
P
|
N
| GPER 0 | GPER 1 | GPER 2 + 3 + 4 |
P
|
N
| AR negative | AR positive |
P
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nodal status | |||||||||||||
0 | 122 | 114 (62) | 8 (57) | 0.56 | 120 | 32 (57) | 48 (59) | 40 (66) | 0.43 | 114 | 6 (50) | 108 (62) | 0.27 |
1–3 | 35 | 33 (18) | 2 (14) | 36 | 11 (20) | 16 (20) | 9 (15) | 36 | 2 (17) | 34 (19) | |||
4+ | 41 | 37 (20) | 4 (29) | 43 | 13 (23) | 18 (22) | 12 (20) | 37 | 4 (33) | 33 (19) | |||
N0 | 122 | 114 (62) | 8 (57) | 0.72 | 120 | 32 (57) | 48 (59) | 40 (66) | 0.35 | 114 | 6 (50) | 108 (62) | 0.42 |
N+ | 76 | 70 (38) | 6 (43) | 79 | 24 (43) | 34 (41) | 21 (34) | 73 | 6 (50) | 67 (38) | |||
Size | |||||||||||||
0–20 mm | 116 | 106 (55) | 10 (77) | 0.13 | 116 | 28 (47) | 56 (66) | 32 (52) | 0.67 | 107 | 4 (31) | 103 (57) | 0.06 |
> 20 mm | 89 | 86 (45) | 3 (23) | 90 | 31 (53) | 29 (34) | 30 (48) | 86 | 9 (69) | 77 (43) | |||
Menopause | |||||||||||||
Pre | 50 | 47 (25) | 3 (21) | 50 | 17 (29) | 22 (27) | 11 (17) | 45 | 3 (23) | 42 (24) | |||
Post | 151 | 140 (75) | 11 (79) | 0.10 | 152 | 41 (71) | 59 (73) | 52 (83) | 0.13 | 145 | 10 (77) | 135 (76) | 0.96 |
NHG | |||||||||||||
1 | 23 | 21 (12) | 2 (15) | 0.39 | 24 | 5 (9) | 14 (18) | 5 (9) | 0.81 | 23 | 0 (0) | 23 (14) | < 0.001 |
2 | 152 | 141 (81) | 11 (85) | 152 | 45 (83) | 61 (77) | 46 (82) | 142 | 7 (58) | 135 (81) | |||
3 | 13 | 13 (7) | 0 | 13 | 4 (7) | 4 (5) | 5 (9) | 13 | 5 (42) | 8 (5) | |||
1 + 2 | 175 | 162 (93) | 13 (100) | 0.31 | 176 | 50 (93) | 75 (95) | 51 (91) | 0.75 | 165 | 7 (58) | 158 (95) | < 0.001 |
3 | 13 | 13 (7) | 0 | 13 | 4 (7) | 4 (5) | 5 (9) | 13 | 5 (42) | 8 (5) | |||
PR | |||||||||||||
< 1% | 34 | 31 (17) | 3 (21) | 0.68 | 37 | 11 (20) | 14 (17) | 12 (20) | 0.95 | 35 | 2 (15) | 33 (19) | 0.76 |
≥ 1% | 161 | 150 (83) | 11 (79) | 161 | 44 (80) | 70 (83) | 47 (80) | 154 | 11 (85) | 143 (81) | |||
Ki67 | |||||||||||||
Low | 180 | 170 (94) | 10 (71) | 0.002 | 182 | 53 (96) | 76 (92) | 53 (90) | 0.19 | 176 | 11 (85) | 165 (93) | 0.25 |
High | 15 | 11 (6) | 4 (29) | 15 | 2 (4) | 7 (8) | 6 (10) | 14 | 2 (15) | 12 (7) | |||
AIB1 | |||||||||||||
Low | 190 | 57 (100) | 79 (92) | 54 (89) | 0.01 | 13 | 0 (0) | 13 (7) | 0.32 | ||||
High | 14 | 0 | 7 (8) | 7 (11) | 180 | 13 (100) | 167 (93) | ||||||
GPER | |||||||||||||
0 | 57 | 8 (62) | 49 (27) | 0.05 | |||||||||
1 | 77 | 2 (15) | 75 (41) | ||||||||||
2 + 3 + 4 | 61 | 3 (23) | 58 (32) |
Breast cancer mortality
Univariable analyses
N
| 10-year FU | 25-year FU | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | ||
Age (years) | 224 | 0.95 | 0.93–0.98 | 0.001 | 0.97 | 0.95–0.99 | 0.01 |
Tumor size (mm) | |||||||
≤ 20 | 125 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
> 20 | 96 | 4.1 | 2.1–7.8 | < 0.001 | 3.5 | 2.1–5.7 | < 0.001 |
Nodal status (P < 0.001)a | |||||||
0+ | 129 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1–3+ | 40 | 1.7 | 0.74–4.1 | 0.20 | 1.2 | 0.62–2.5 | 0.54 |
> 3+ | 44 | 5.6 | 2.0–11 | < 0.001 | 3.5 | 2.0–6.0 | < 0.001 |
Histological grade | |||||||
1 + 2 | 189 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
3 | 13 | 4.1 | 1.6–10 | 0.003 | 3.8 | 1.6–8.8 | 0.002 |
PR | |||||||
+ (≥ 1%) | 162 | 1.0 | 0.29 | 1.0 | |||
− (< 1%) | 37 | 1.5 | 0.71–3.2 | 1.4 | 0.71–2.6 | 0.33 | |
Ki67 | |||||||
0–23% | 182 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
≥ 24% | 15 | 4.9 | 2.2–11 | <0.001 | 5.9 | 3.1–11 | <0.001 |
AIB1 | |||||||
Low + medium (score < 6) | 194 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
High (score 6) | 14 | 3.2 | 1.4–7.8 | 0.008 | 2.0 | 0.87–4.8 | 0.10 |
GPER (P = 0.38)a | |||||||
Negative (0) | 59 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Very weak (1) | 87 | 0.79 | 0.38–1.6 | 0.54 | 0.86 | 0.47–1.6 | 0.62 |
Weak + moderate + strong (2–4) | 63 | 0.69 | 0.300–1.6 | 0.38 | 0.87 | 0.45–1.7 | 0.69 |
AR | |||||||
+ (> 10%) | 183 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
− (≤ 10%) | 13 | 1.8 | 0.56–5.9 | 0.33 | 1.1 | 0.34–3.5 | 0.90 |