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Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
Erschienen in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 11/2018

01.11.2018 | Pediatric Neurology (W Kaufmann, Section Editor)

The Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis in Autism Spectrum Disorders

verfasst von: Heather K. Hughes, Destanie Rose, Paul Ashwood

Erschienen in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports | Ausgabe 11/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

There is a growing body of evidence indicating the gut microbiota influence neurodevelopment and behavior. The purposes of this review are to provide an overview of studies analyzing the microbiota and their metabolites in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and to discuss the possible mechanisms of action involved in microbial influence on the brain and behavior.

Recent Findings

The microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis has been extensively studied in animal models, and it is clear that alterations in the composition of microbiota alter neurological and behavioral outcomes. However, findings in human studies are less abundant. Although there are several studies so far showing altered microbiota (dysbiosis) in ASD, the results are heterogeneous and often contradictory. Intervention studies such as fecal microbiota transplant therapies show promise and lend credence to the involvement of the microbiota in ASD.

Summary

A role for the microbiota in ASD is likely; however, further studies elucidating microbial or metabolomic signatures and mechanisms of action are needed. Future research should focus on intervention studies that can identify specific metabolites and immune mediators that improve with treatment to help identify etiologies and pathological mechanisms of ASD.
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Metadaten
Titel
The Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis in Autism Spectrum Disorders
verfasst von
Heather K. Hughes
Destanie Rose
Paul Ashwood
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2018
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports / Ausgabe 11/2018
Print ISSN: 1528-4042
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6293
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-018-0887-6

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