The Impact of Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Surgical Site Infections in Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Surgery: A Single Center Analysis Among 494 Patients

Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) prior to laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery is still under debate due to a lack of high evidence. Thus, the study at hand aimed to find out whether this medication lowers the rate of postoperative complications or not.

In 2020, a retrospective analysis took place at Helios Hospital Berlin Buch, Germany. The data of patients who underwent laparoscopic Roux-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) surgery between December 2019 and December 2020 were consecutively enrolled. Individuals who received a PAP (PAP +) were compared with those who did not receive this medication (PAP −). Primary objective was the rate of postoperative complications.

A total of 494 patients’ charts were analyzed. The mean age was 39.7 (± 12.1) years. The body mass index was on average 46.4 (± 6.5) kg/m². Among these individuals, 259 patients received a PAP and 235 did not. In terms of baseline characteristics and perioperative data, no significant differences were revealed between both groups. A total of 7 surgical site infections (SSI, all grade III) were diagnosed. Patients in the PAP + group had less SSI, (PAP + group, n = 2 (0.8%) vs. PAP- group, n = 5 (2.1%), p = 0.27). Individuals in the PAP + group stayed a shorter time in hospital (PAP + group, 3.83 (± 0.89) days vs. PAP − group, 4.34 (± 3.05) days; p < 0.005). In a multivariate analysis, no administration of PAP was not identified as an independent risk factor for the occurrence of a SSI Grade III (administration of PAP, odds ratio of 0.28 (CI 0.08–1.04), p = 0.058). The PAP administration did not affect the rate of the overall postoperative complication rate (odds ratio of 0.61 (CI 0.32–1.15), p = 0.13).

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