nach oben

Arthritis Research & Therapy

Erschienen in:

01.04.2009 | Review

The inextricable link between atherosclerosis and prototypical inflammatory diseases rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus

verfasst von: Louise E Full, Cristina Ruisanchez, Claudia Monaco

Erschienen in: Arthritis Research & Therapy | Ausgabe 2/2009

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The increased burden of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus has recently become the focus of intense investigation. Proatherogenic risk factors and dysregulated inflammation are the main culprits, leading to enhanced atherosclerosis in subgroups of patients with inflammatory diseases. Common molecular pathways shared by atherosclerosis and inflammatory disease may be involved. In this review we map the key determinants of the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients with inflammatory diseases at each step of the atherogenesis.

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

Ross R: Atherosclerosis – an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med. 1999, 340: 115-126. 10.1056/NEJM199901143400207.CrossRefPubMed

Naranjo A, Sokka T, Descalzo MA, Calvo-Alen J, Horslev-Petersen K, Luukkainen RK, Combe B, Burmester GR, Devlin J, Ferraccioli G, et al: Cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the QUEST-RA study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2008, 10: R30-10.1186/ar2383.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Wolfe F, Mitchell DM, Sibley JT, Fries JF, Bloch DA, Williams CA, Spitz PW, Haga M, Kleinheksel SM, Cathey MA: The mortality of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1994, 37: 481-494. 10.1002/art.1780370408.CrossRefPubMed

Solomon DH, Karlson EW, Rimm EB, Cannuscio CC, Mandl LA, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Curhan GC: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in women diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Circulation. 2003, 107: 1303-1307. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000054612.26458.B2.CrossRefPubMed

Maradit-Kremers H, Crowson CS, Nicola PJ, Ballman KV, Roger VL, Jacobsen SJ, Gabriel SE: Increased unrecognized coronary heart disease and sudden deaths in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study. Arthritis Rheum. 2005, 52: 402-411. 10.1002/art.20853.CrossRefPubMed

Maradit-Kremers H, Nicola PJ, Crowson CS, Ballman KV, Gabriel SE: Cardiovascular death in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum. 2005, 52: 722-732. 10.1002/art.20878.CrossRefPubMed

Park YB, Ahn CW, Choi HK, Lee SH, In BH, Lee HC, Nam CM, Lee SK: Atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: morphologic evidence obtained by carotid ultrasound. Arthritis Rheum. 2002, 46: 1714-1719. 10.1002/art.10359.CrossRefPubMed

Kumeda Y, Inaba M, Goto H, Nagata M, Henmi Y, Furumitsu Y, Ishimura E, Inui K, Yutani Y, Miki T, Shoji T, Nishizawa Y: Increased thickness of the arterial intima-media detected by ultrasonography in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2002, 46: 1489-1497. 10.1002/art.10269.CrossRefPubMed

Warrington KJ, Kent PD, Frye RL, Lymp JF, Kopecky SL, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM: Rheumatoid arthritis is an independent risk factor for multi-vessel coronary artery disease: a case control study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2005, 7: R984-R991. 10.1186/ar1775.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

10.

Urowitz MB, Bookman AA, Koehler BE, Gordon DA, Smythe HA, Ogryzlo MA: The bimodal mortality pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med. 1976, 60: 221-225. 10.1016/0002-9343(76)90431-9.CrossRefPubMed

11.

Manzi S, Meilahn EN, Rairie JE, Conte CG, Medsger TA, Jansen-McWilliams L, D'Agostino RB, Kuller LH: Age-specific incidence rates of myocardial infarction and angina in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: comparison with the Framingham Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1997, 145: 408-415.CrossRefPubMed

12.

Esdaile JM, Abrahamowicz M, Grodzicky T, Li Y, Panaritis C, du Berger R, Cote R, Grover SA, Fortin PR, Clarke AE, Senecal JL: Traditional Framingham risk factors fail to fully account for accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2001, 44: 2331-2337. 10.1002/1529-0131(200110)44:10<2331::AID-ART395>3.0.CO;2-I.CrossRefPubMed

13.

Sherer Y, Gerli R, Gilburd B, Bartoloni Bocci E, Vaudo G, Mannarino E, Shoenfeld Y: Thickened carotid artery intima-media in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with elevated anticardiolipin antibodies. Lupus. 2007, 16: 259-264. 10.1177/0961203307076697.CrossRefPubMed

14.

Roman MJ, Shanker BA, Davis A, Lockshin MD, Sammaritano L, Simantov R, Crow MK, Schwartz JE, Paget SA, Devereux RB, Salmon JE: Prevalence and correlates of accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med. 2003, 349: 2399-2406. 10.1056/NEJMoa035471.CrossRefPubMed

15.

Espinola-Zavaleta N, Alexanderson-Rosas E, Granados N, Elena Soto M, Amigo MC: Myocardial perfusion defects in patients with autoimmune diseases: a prospective study. Analysis of two diagnostic tests. Lupus. 2006, 15: 38-43. 10.1191/0961203306lu2259oa.CrossRefPubMed

16.

Bruce IN, Burns RJ, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB: Single photon emission computed tomography dual isotope myocardial perfusion imaging in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. I. Prevalence and distribution of abnormalities. J Rheumatol. 2000, 27: 2372-2377.PubMed

17.

Asanuma Y, Oeser A, Shintani AK, Turner E, Olsen N, Fazio S, Linton MF, Raggi P, Stein CM: Premature coronary-artery atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med. 2003, 349: 2407-2415. 10.1056/NEJMoa035611.CrossRefPubMed

18.

del Rincon ID, Williams K, Stern MP, Freeman GL, Escalante A: High incidence of cardiovascular events in a rheumatoid arthritis cohort not explained by traditional cardiac risk factors. Arthritis Rheum. 2001, 44: 2737-2745. 10.1002/1529-0131(200112)44:12<2737::AID-ART460>3.0.CO;2-#.CrossRefPubMed

19.

Watson DJ, Rhodes T, Guess HA: All-cause mortality and vascular events among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or no arthritis in the UK General Practice Research Database. J Rheumatol. 2003, 30: 1196-1202.PubMed

20.

Gerli R, Sherer Y, Vaudo G, Schillaci G, Gilburd B, Giordano A, Bocci EB, Allegrucci R, Marchesi S, Mannarino E, Shoenfeld Y: Early atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: effects of smoking on thickness of the carotid artery intima media. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005, 1051: 281-290. 10.1196/annals.1361.069.CrossRefPubMed

21.

Petri M, Perez-Gutthann S, Spence D, Hochberg MC: Risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med. 1992, 93: 513-519. 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90578-Y.CrossRefPubMed

22.

Dessein PH, Norton GR, Woodiwiss AJ, Joffe BI, Wolfe F: Influence of nonclassical cardiovascular risk factors on the accuracy of predicting subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2007, 34: 943-951.PubMed

23.

Frostegard J: Atherosclerosis in patients with autoimmune disorders. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005, 25: 1776-1785. 10.1161/01.ATV.0000174800.78362.ec.CrossRefPubMed

24.

van Halm VP, Nielen MM, Nurmohamed MT, van Schaardenburg D, Reesink HW, Voskuyl AE, Twisk JW, Stadt van de RJ, de Koning MH, Habibuw MR, Horst-Bruinsma van der IE, Dijkmans BA: Lipids and inflammation: serial measurements of the lipid profile of blood donors who later developed rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007, 66: 184-188. 10.1136/ard.2006.051672.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

25.

Hurt-Camejo E, Paredes S, Masana L, Camejo G, Sartipy P, Rosengren B, Pedreno J, Vallve JC, Benito P, Wiklund O: Elevated levels of small, low-density lipoprotein with high affinity for arterial matrix components in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: possible contribution of phospholipase A2 to this atherogenic profile. Arthritis Rheum. 2001, 44: 2761-2767. 10.1002/1529-0131(200112)44:12<2761::AID-ART463>3.0.CO;2-5.CrossRefPubMed

26.

Svenungsson E, Jensen-Urstad K, Heimburger M, Silveira A, Hamsten A, de Faire U, Witztum JL, Frostegard J: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Circulation. 2001, 104: 1887-1893. 10.1161/hc4101.097518.CrossRefPubMed

27.

Delgado Alves J, Ames PR, Donohue S, Stanyer L, Nourooz-Zadeh J, Ravirajan C, Isenberg DA: Antibodies to high-density lipoprotein and beta2-glycoprotein I are inversely correlated with paraoxonase activity in systemic lupus erythematosus and primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 2002, 46: 2686-2694. 10.1002/art.10542.CrossRefPubMed

28.

Zonana-Nacach A, Santana-Sahagun E, Jimenez-Balderas FJ, Camargo-Coronel A: Prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Rheumatol. 2008, 14: 74-77. 10.1097/RHU.0b013e31816b2faa.CrossRefPubMed

29.

Boyer JF, Cantagrel A, Constantin A: Impact of traditional therapies and biologics on cardiovascular diseases in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2008, 6: 218-227. 10.2174/157016108784911975.CrossRefPubMed

30.

Boers M, Nurmohamed MT, Doelman CJ, Lard LR, Verhoeven AC, Voskuyl AE, Huizinga TW, Stadt van de RJ, Dijkmans BA, Linden van der S: Influence of glucocorticoids and disease activity on total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003, 62: 842-845. 10.1136/ard.62.9.842.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

31.

del Rincon I, O'Leary DH, Haas RW, Escalante A: Effect of glucocorticoids on the arteries in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2004, 50: 3813-3822. 10.1002/art.20661.CrossRefPubMed

32.

Petri M, Roubenoff R, Dallal GE, Nadeau MR, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH: Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for atherothrombotic events in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet. 1996, 348: 1120-1124. 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)03032-2.CrossRefPubMed

33.

Choi HK, Hernan MA, Seeger JD, Robins JM, Wolfe F: Methotrexate and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study. Lancet. 2002, 359: 1173-1177. 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08213-2.CrossRefPubMed

34.

Whittle SL, Hughes RA: Folate supplementation and methotrexate treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: a review. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004, 43: 267-271. 10.1093/rheumatology/keh088.CrossRef

35.

Albert CM, Cook NR, Gaziano JM, Zaharris E, MacFadyen J, Danielson E, Buring JE, Manson JE: Effect of folic acid and B vitamins on risk of cardiovascular events and total mortality among women at high risk for cardiovascular disease: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2008, 299: 2027-2036. 10.1001/jama.299.17.2027.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

36.

Kearney PM, Baigent C, Godwin J, Halls H, Emberson JR, Patrono C: Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. 2006, 332: 1302-1308. 10.1136/bmj.332.7553.1302.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

37.

Jacobsson LT, Turesson C, Hanson RL, Pillemer S, Sievers ML, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC: Joint swelling as a predictor of death from cardiovascular disease in a population study of Pima Indians. Arthritis Rheum. 2001, 44: 1170-1176. 10.1002/1529-0131(200105)44:5<1170::AID-ANR200>3.0.CO;2-T.CrossRefPubMed

38.

Turesson C, McClelland RL, Christianson TJ, Matteson EL: Severe extra-articular disease manifestations are associated with an increased risk of first ever cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007, 66: 70-75. 10.1136/ard.2006.052506.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

39.

Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Llorca J, Testa A, Revuelta J, Garcia-Porrua C, Gonzalez-Gay MA: Increased prevalence of severe subclinical atherosclerotic findings in long-term treated rheumatoid arthritis patients without clinically evident atherosclerotic disease. Medicine (Baltimore). 2003, 82: 407-413. 10.1097/01.md.0000101572.76273.60.CrossRef

40.

Del Rincon I, O'Leary DH, Freeman GL, Escalante A: Acceleration of atherosclerosis during the course of rheumatoid arthritis. Atherosclerosis. 2007, 195: 354-360. 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.09.027.CrossRefPubMed

41.

Chung CP, Oeser A, Avalos I, Gebretsadik T, Shintani A, Raggi P, Sokka T, Pincus T, Stein CM: Utility of the Framingham risk score to predict the presence of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006, 8: R186-10.1186/ar2098.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

42.

Goodson NJ, Wiles NJ, Lunt M, Barrett EM, Silman AJ, Symmons DP: Mortality in early inflammatory polyarthritis: cardiovascular mortality is increased in seropositive patients. Arthritis Rheum. 2002, 46: 2010-2019. 10.1002/art.10419.CrossRefPubMed

43.

Hansson GK: Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2005, 352: 1685-1695. 10.1056/NEJMra043430.CrossRefPubMed

44.

Pober JS: Endothelial activation: intracellular signaling pathways. Arthritis Res. 2002, 4 (suppl 3): S109-S116. 10.1186/ar576.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

45.

Bacon PA, Stevens RJ, Carruthers DM, Young SP, Kitas GD: Accelerated atherogenesis in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2002, 1: 338-347. 10.1016/S1568-9972(02)00100-3.CrossRefPubMed

46.

Quyyumi AA: Inflamed joints and stiff arteries: is rheumatoid arthritis a cardiovascular risk factor?. Circulation. 2006, 114: 1137-1139. 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.648139.CrossRefPubMed

47.

Ehrenstein MR, Jury EC, Mauri C: Statins for atherosclerosis – as good as it gets?. N Engl J Med. 2005, 352: 73-75. 10.1056/NEJMe048326.CrossRefPubMed

48.

Kwak B, Mulhaupt F, Myit S, Mach F: Statins as a newly recognized type of immunomodulator. Nat Med. 2000, 6: 1399-1402. 10.1038/82219.CrossRefPubMed

49.

Maini RN, Elliott MJ, Brennan FM, Feldmann M: Beneficial effects of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) blockade in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Clin Exp Immunol. 1995, 101: 207-212.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

50.

Feldmann M, Maini RN: Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award. TNF defined as a therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Nat Med. 2003, 9: 1245-1250. 10.1038/nm939.CrossRefPubMed

51.

Branen L, Hovgaard L, Nitulescu M, Bengtsson E, Nilsson J, Jovinge S: Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004, 24: 2137-2142. 10.1161/01.ATV.0000143933.20616.1b.CrossRefPubMed

52.

Jacobsson LT, Turesson C, Gulfe A, Kapetanovic MC, Petersson IF, Saxne T, Geborek P: Treatment with tumor necrosis factor blockers is associated with a lower incidence of first cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2005, 32: 1213-1218.PubMed

53.

Allanore Y, Kahan A, Sellam J, Ekindjian OG, Borderie D: Effects of repeated infliximab therapy on serum lipid profile in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Chim Acta. 2006, 365: 143-148. 10.1016/j.cca.2005.08.010.CrossRefPubMed

54.

Kiortsis DN, Mavridis AK, Vasakos S, Nikas SN, Drosos AA: Effects of infliximab treatment on insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005, 64: 765-766. 10.1136/ard.2004.026534.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

55.

Del Porto F, Lagana B, Lai S, Nofroni I, Tinti F, Vitale M, Podesta E, Mitterhofer AP, D'Amelio R: Response to anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha blockade is associated with reduction of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007, 46: 1111-1115. 10.1093/rheumatology/kem089.CrossRef

56.

Dixon WG, Watson KD, Lunt M, Hyrich KL, Silman AJ, Symmons DP: Reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who respond to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 56: 2905-2912. 10.1002/art.22809.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

57.

Morand EF, Leech M, Bernhagen J: MIF: a new cytokine link between rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006, 5: 399-410. 10.1038/nrd2029.CrossRefPubMed

58.

Zernecke A, Bernhagen J, Weber C: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2008, 117: 1594-1602. 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.729125.CrossRefPubMed

59.

Denny MF, Thacker S, Mehta H, Somers EC, Dodick T, Barrat FJ, McCune WJ, Kaplan MJ: Interferon-alpha promotes abnormal vasculogenesis in lupus: a potential pathway for premature atherosclerosis. Blood. 2007, 110: 2907-2915. 10.1182/blood-2007-05-089086.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

60.

Ronnblom L, Alm GV: Systemic lupus erythematosus and the type I interferon system. Arthritis Res Ther. 2003, 5: 68-75. 10.1186/ar625.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

61.

Lee PY, Li Y, Richards HB, Chan FS, Zhuang H, Narain S, Butfiloski EJ, Sobel ES, Reeves WH, Segal MS: Type I interferon as a novel risk factor for endothelial progenitor cell depletion and endothelial dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 56: 3759-3769. 10.1002/art.23035.CrossRefPubMed

62.

Niessner A, Shin MS, Pryshchep O, Goronzy JJ, Chaikof EL, Weyand CM: Synergistic proinflammatory effects of the antiviral cytokine interferon-alpha and Toll-like receptor 4 ligands in the atherosclerotic plaque. Circulation. 2007, 116: 2043-2052. 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.697789.CrossRefPubMed

63.

Liuzzo G, Biasucci LM, Trotta G, Brugaletta S, Pinnelli M, Digianuario G, Rizzello V, Rebuzzi AG, Rumi C, Maseri A, Crea F: Unusual CD4⁺CD28^null T lymphocytes and recurrence of acute coronary events. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007, 50: 1450-1458. 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.06.040.CrossRefPubMed

64.

Nakajima T, Schulte S, Warrington KJ, Kopecky SL, Frye RL, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM: T-cell-mediated lysis of endothelial cells in acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 2002, 105: 570-575. 10.1161/hc0502.103348.CrossRefPubMed

65.

Nadkarni S, Mauri C, Ehrenstein MR: Anti-TNF-alpha therapy induces a distinct regulatory T cell population in patients with rheumatoid arthritis via TGF-beta. J Exp Med. 2007, 204: 33-39. 10.1084/jem.20061531.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

66.

Qiao JH, Castellani LW, Fishbein MC, Lusis AJ: Immune-complex-mediated vasculitis increases coronary artery lipid accumulation in autoimmuneprone MRL mice. Arterioscler Thromb. 1993, 13: 932-943.CrossRefPubMed

67.

Aprahamian T, Rifkin I, Bonegio R, Hugel B, Freyssinet JM, Sato K, Castellot JJ, Walsh K: Impaired clearance of apoptotic cells promotes synergy between atherogenesis and autoimmune disease. J Exp Med. 2004, 199: 1121-1131. 10.1084/jem.20031557.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

68.

Stanic AK, Stein CM, Morgan AC, Fazio S, Linton MF, Wakeland EK, Olsen NJ, Major AS: Immune dysregulation accelerates atherosclerosis and modulates plaque composition in systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2006, 103: 7018-7023. 10.1073/pnas.0602311103.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

69.

Gautier EL, Huby T, Ouzilleau B, Doucet C, Saint-Charles F, Gremy G, Chapman MJ, Lesnik P: Enhanced immune system activation and arterial inflammation accelerates atherosclerosis in lupusprone mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007, 27: 1625-1631. 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.142430.CrossRefPubMed

70.

Virmani R, Burke AP, Farb A, Kolodgie FD: Pathology of the vulnerable plaque. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006, 47: C13-18. 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.065.CrossRefPubMed

71.

Little WC, Constantinescu M, Applegate RJ, Kutcher MA, Burrows MT, Kahl FR, Santamore WP: Can coronary angiography predict the site of a subsequent myocardial infarction in patients with mild-to-moderate coronary artery disease?. Circulation. 1988, 78: 1157-1166.CrossRefPubMed

72.

Wal van der AC, Becker AE, Loos van der CM, Das PK: Site of intimal rupture or erosion of thrombosed coronary athero-sclerotic plaques is characterized by an inflammatory process irrespective of the dominant plaque morphology. Circulation. 1994, 89: 36-44.CrossRefPubMed

73.

Aubry MC, Maradit-Kremers H, Reinalda MS, Crowson CS, Edwards WD, Gabriel SE: Differences in atherosclerotic coronary heart disease between subjects with and without rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2007, 34: 937-942.PubMed

74.

Swanberg M, Lidman O, Padyukov L, Eriksson P, Akesson E, Jagodic M, Lobell A, Khademi M, Börjesson O, Lindgren CM, Lundman P, Brookes AJ, Kere J, Luthman H, Alfredsson L, Hillert J, Klareskog L, Hamsten A, Piehl F, Olsson T: MHC2TA is associated with differential MHC molecule expression and susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and myocardial infarction. Nat Genet. 2005, 37: 486-494. 10.1038/ng1544.CrossRefPubMed

75.

Eyre S, Bowes J, Spreckley K, Potter C, Ring S, Strachan D, Worthington J, Barton A: Investigation of the MHC2TA gene, associated with rheumatoid arthritis in a Swedish population, in a UK rheumatoid arthritis cohort. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 3417-3422. 10.1002/art.22166.CrossRefPubMed

76.

Bronson PG, Criswell LA, Barcellos LF: The MHC2TA-168A/G polymorphism and risk for rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of 6861 patients and 9270 controls reveals no evidence for association. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 933-936. 10.1136/ard.2007.077099.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

77.

Musone SL, Taylor KE, Lu TT, Nititham J, Ferreira RC, Ortmann W, Shifrin N, Petri MA, Ilyas Kamboh M, Manzi S, Seldin MF, Gregersen PK, Behrens TW, Ma A, Kwok PY, Criswell LA: Multiple polymorphisms in the TNFAIP3 region are independently associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Genet. 2008 [Epub ahead of print].

78.

Plenge RM, Cotsapas C, Davies L, Price AL, de Bakker PI, Maller J, Pe'er I, Burtt NP, Blumenstiel B, DeFelice M, Parkin M, Barry R, Winslow W, Healy C, Graham RR, Neale BM, Izmailova E, Roubenoff R, Parker AN, Glass R, Karlson EW, Maher N, Hafler DA, Lee DM, Seldin MF, Remmers EF, Lee AT, Padyukov L, Alfredsson L, Coblyn J, et al: Two independent alleles at 6q23 associated with risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Genet. 2007, 39: 1477-1482. 10.1038/ng.2007.27.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

79.

Wolfrum S, Teupser D, Tan M, Chen KY, Breslow JL: The protective effect of A20 on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice is associated with reduced expression of NF-kappaB target genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007, 104: 18601-18606. 10.1073/pnas.0709011104.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

80.

George J, Afek A, Gilburd B, Blank M, Levy Y, Aron-Maor A, Lev-kovitz H, Shaish A, Goldberg I, Kopolovic J, Harats D, Shoenfeld Y: Induction of early atherosclerosis in LDL-receptor-deficient mice immunized with beta2-glycoprotein I. Circulation. 1998, 98: 1108-1115.CrossRefPubMed

81.

Petri M: The lupus anticoagulant is a risk factor for myocardial infarction (but not atherosclerosis): Hopkins Lupus Cohort. Thromb Res. 2004, 114: 593-595. 10.1016/j.thromres.2004.07.012.CrossRefPubMed

82.

Farzaneh-Far A, Roman MJ, Lockshin MD, Devereux RB, Paget SA, Crow MK, Davis A, Sammaritano L, Levine DM, Salmon JE: Relationship of antiphospholipid antibodies to cardiovascular manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 3918-3925. 10.1002/art.22265.CrossRefPubMed

83.

Jacobs R, Butler MG, Scott DL: Antibodies to cardiolipin and intermediate filaments: a study of autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 1990, 9: 509-516. 10.1007/BF02030513.CrossRefPubMed

84.

Wolfe F, Freundlich B, Straus WL: Increase in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease prevalence in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2003, 30: 36-40.PubMed

85.

Assous N, Touze E, Meune C, Kahan A, Allanore Y: Cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis: single-center hospital-based cohort study in France. Joint Bone Spine. 2007, 74: 66-72. 10.1016/j.jbspin.2006.10.001.CrossRefPubMed

86.

Ward MM: Premature morbidity from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 1999, 42: 338-346. 10.1002/1529-0131(199902)42:2<338::AID-ANR17>3.0.CO;2-U.CrossRefPubMed

87.

Bessant R, Hingorani A, Patel L, MacGregor A, Isenberg DA, Rahman A: Risk of coronary heart disease and stroke in a large British cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004, 43: 924-929. 10.1093/rheumatology/keh213.CrossRef

88.

Fischer LM, Schlienger RG, Matter C, Jick H, Meier CR: Effect of rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus on the risk of first-time acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2004, 93: 198-200. 10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.09.037.CrossRefPubMed

Titel: The inextricable link between atherosclerosis and prototypical inflammatory diseases rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
verfasst von: Louise E Full
Cristina Ruisanchez
Claudia Monaco
Publikationsdatum: 01.04.2009
Verlag: BioMed Central
Erschienen in: Arthritis Research & Therapy / Ausgabe 2/2009
Elektronische ISSN: 1478-6362
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/ar2631

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

25.04.2024 | Hypotonie | Nachrichten

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Springer Medizin

The inextricable link between atherosclerosis and prototypical inflammatory diseases rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Niedriger diastolischer Blutdruck erhöht Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen

Therapiestart mit Blutdrucksenkern erhöht Frakturrisiko

Adjuvante Immuntherapie verlängert Leben bei RCC

Alectinib verbessert krankheitsfreies Überleben bei ALK-positivem NSCLC

Update Innere Medizin

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2009

Treatment of focal degenerative cartilage defects with polymer-based autologous chondrocyte grafts: four-year clinical results

Complex genetic association of 6q23 with autoimmune rheumatic conditions

Do synovial biopsies help to support evidence for involvement of innate immunity in the immunopathology of Behçet's disease?

Relationship between body adiposity measures and risk of primary knee and hip replacement for osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study

Microparticle-induced release of B-lymphocyte regulators by rheumatoid synoviocytes

5HT2A polymorphism His452Tyr in a German Caucasian systemic sclerosis population

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Niedriger diastolischer Blutdruck erhöht Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen

Therapiestart mit Blutdrucksenkern erhöht Frakturrisiko

Adjuvante Immuntherapie verlängert Leben bei RCC

Alectinib verbessert krankheitsfreies Überleben bei ALK-positivem NSCLC

Update Innere Medizin