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22.02.2022

The microenvironment of pituitary adenomas: biological, clinical and therapeutical implications

verfasst von: Pedro Marques, Ana Luísa Silva, Dolores López-Presa, Cláudia Faria, Maria João Bugalho

Erschienen in: Pituitary | Ausgabe 3/2022

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Abstract

The microenvironment of pituitary adenomas (PAs) includes a range of non-tumoral cells, such as immune and stromal cells, as well as cell signaling molecules such as cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, which surround pituitary tumor cells and may modulate tumor initiation, progression, invasion, angiogenesis and other tumorigenic processes. The microenvironment of PAs has been actively investigated over the last years, with several immune and stromal cell populations, as well as different cytokines, chemokines and growth factors being recently characterized in PAs. Moreover, key microenvironment-related genes as well as immune-related molecules and pathways have been investigated, with immune check point regulators emerging as promising targets for immunotherapy. Understanding the microenvironment of PAs will contribute to a deeper knowledge of the complex biology of PAs, as well as will provide developments in terms of diagnosis, clinical management and ultimately treatment of patients with aggressive and/or refractory PAs.
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Metadaten
Titel
The microenvironment of pituitary adenomas: biological, clinical and therapeutical implications
verfasst von
Pedro Marques
Ana Luísa Silva
Dolores López-Presa
Cláudia Faria
Maria João Bugalho
Publikationsdatum
22.02.2022
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Pituitary / Ausgabe 3/2022
Print ISSN: 1386-341X
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7403
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-022-01211-5

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