Background
Skipping breakfast
Eating meals with family members
Fast-food consumption
Eating in front of the television
Methods
Participants
Instruments
Procedure
Data analysis
Results
Sample characteristics
PEI n = 1 417 | Quebec n = 12 246 | Hamilton n = 2 541 | Thunder bay n = 1 499 | PEI n = 1 812 | Quebec n = 1 048 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grade 5-8 | Grade 9-12 | |||||
Age
| ||||||
11 or under | 46.5% | 67.9% | - | - | - | - |
12 | 25.9% | 23.3% | - | - | - | 0.1% |
13 | 23.7% | 5.8% | 0.3% | 1.9% | 0.9% | - |
14 | 3.8% | 2.5% | 23.3% | 32.4% | 20.7% | 16.5% |
15 | 0.1% | 0.4% | 25.1% | 32.5% | 26.8% | 32.5% |
16 | - | - | 24.7% | 24.1% | 22.8% | 32.2% |
17 or older | - | - | 26.5% | 9.1% | 28.8% | 18.7% |
Mean
| 11.9 | 11.4 | 15.5 | 15.1 | 15.6 | 15.5 |
(SD)
| (0.92) | (0.75) | (1.12) | (1.00) | (1.14) | (0.98) |
Grade
| ||||||
5 | 29.6% | 50.5% | - | - | - | - |
6 | 19.8% | 39.7% | - | - | - | - |
7 | 24.0% | 4.9% | - | - | - | - |
8 | 26.6% | 4.9% | - | - | - | - |
9 | - | - | 28.9% | 35.4% | 24.0% | 36.3% |
10 | - | - | 24.3% | 33.0% | 27.3% | 30.7% |
11 | - | - | 24.7% | 23.8% | 24.6% | 33.0% |
12 | - | - | 22.0% | 7.7% | 24.2% | - |
Gender
| ||||||
Female | 49.0% | 49.7% | 50.1% | 49.5% | 47.5% | 50.7% |
Male | 51.0% | 50.3% | 49.9% | 50.5% | 52.5% | 49.3% |
BMI
a
| ||||||
Underweight | - | - | 1.6% | 1.3% | 1.0% | 1.3% |
Healthy weight | - | - | 56.6% | 53.4% | 56.1% | 62.5% |
Overweight | - | - | 11.0% | 13.7% | 15.3% | 11.6% |
Obese | - | - | 4.8% | 5.3% | 7.4% | 4.5% |
Not Stated | - | - | 26.1% | 26.3% | 20.1% | 20.1% |
Prevalence of eating behaviors
In a usual week (Monday to Friday), how often do you: | PEI n = 1 417 | Quebec n = 12 246 | Total n = 13 663 |
---|---|---|---|
Eat breakfast
| |||
None | 3.9% | 3.4% | 3.5% |
Once/week or less | 9.2% | 9.5% | 9.5% |
2 times/week | 5.7% | 4.1% | 4.2% |
3 times/week | 7.2% | 5.0% | 5.3% |
4 times/week | 6.5% | 7.3% | 7.2% |
5+ times/week | 67.4% | 70.7% | 70.4% |
Eat meals with at least one adult family member
| |||
None | 8.0% | 4.5% | 4.9% |
Once/week or less | 8.0% | 5.3% | 5.6% |
2 times/week | 5.0% | 5.0% | 5.0% |
3 times/week | 6.8% | 7.2% | 7.2% |
4 times/week | 9.1% | 9.2% | 9.2% |
5+ times/week | 63.1% | 68.8% | 68.2% |
Eat foods purchased at a fast-food place/restaurant
| |||
None | 43.7% | 44.8% | 44.7% |
Once/week or less | 42.0% | 37.3% | 37.8% |
2 times/week | 8.8% | 10.0% | 9.9% |
3 times/week | 2.8% | 3.3% | 3.3% |
4 times/week | 0.6% | 1.4% | 1.3% |
5+ times/week | 2.2% | 3.1% | 3.0% |
Eat meals while watching television
| |||
None | 30.3% | 32.2% | 32.0% |
Once/week or less | 27.9% | 21.6% | 22.3% |
2 times/week | 11.6% | 13.3% | 13.1% |
3 times/week | 9.7% | 10.3% | 10.2% |
4 times/week | 5.9% | 6.1% | 6.0% |
5+ times/week | 14.5% | 16.5% | 16.3% |
In a usual week (Monday to Friday), how often do you: | Hamilton n = 2 541 | Thunder bay n = 1 499 | PEI n = 1 812 | Quebec n = 1 408 | Total n = 7 260 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eat breakfast
| |||||
None | 12.2% | 11.7% | 9.5% | 7.4% | 10.5% |
Once/week or less | 15.8% | 14.4% | 12.1% | 3.6% | 12.2% |
2 times/week | 9.5% | 7.6% | 9.1% | 5.9% | 8.3% |
3 times/week | 10.1% | 9.6% | 9.9% | 7.4% | 9.4% |
4 times/week | 8.8% | 8.4% | 6.7% | 9.2% | 8.3% |
5+ times/week | 43.7% | 48.3% | 52.7% | 66.5% | 51.3% |
Eat meals with at least one adult family member
| |||||
None | 8.7% | 7.5% | 8.1% | 4.8% | 7.5% |
Once/week or less | 11.4% | 12.3% | 10.0% | 4.0% | 9.8% |
2 times/week | 9.2% | 8.4% | 7.1% | 4.4% | 7.6% |
3 times/week | 11.7% | 11.1% | 10.5% | 8.1% | 10.6% |
4 times/week | 12.8% | 12.5% | 11.4% | 13.3% | 12.5% |
5+ times/week | 46.2% | 48.2% | 52.9% | 65.3% | 52.0% |
Eat foods purchased at a fast-food place/restaurant
| |||||
None | 24.9% | 32.8% | 28.9% | 38.9% | 30.2% |
Once/week or less | 45.0% | 45.8% | 40.7% | 39.2% | 43.0% |
2 times/week | 13.9% | 11.3% | 13.3% | 13.1% | 13.0% |
3 times/week | 6.9% | 4.4% | 7.3% | 4.2% | 5.9% |
4 times/week | 3.4% | 1.8% | 3.1% | 1.6% | 2.7% |
5+ times/week | 6.0% | 4.0% | 6.8% | 3.0% | 5.2% |
Eat meals while watching television
| |||||
None | 20.9% | 22.5% | 24.0% | 33.1% | 24.4% |
Once/week or less | 27.8% | 25.9% | 23.2% | 20.1% | 24.8% |
2 times/week | 16.3% | 15.5% | 13.6% | 12.5% | 14.7% |
3 times/week | 12.7% | 14.5% | 13.8% | 10.3% | 12.8% |
4 times/week | 6.3% | 6.3% | 8.5% | 6.5% | 6.9% |
5+ times/week | 16.0% | 15.2% | 16.9% | 17.6% | 16.4% |
Eating breakfast
Eating with an adult family member
Eating at a fast-food place or restaurant
Eating in front of the television
Correlations between eating behaviors
Correlates of eating behaviors
Eating breakfast | Eating with an adult Family member | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Grade 5-8 | Grade 9-12a
| Grade 5-8a
| Grade 9-12a
| |
Adjusted R
2b
| .013 | 0.062 | 0.003 | 0.038 |
Sex
| ||||
Female (ref) vs. Male |
1.37
***
|
1.60
***
| 0.96 | 1.00 |
Age
|
0.84
***
|
0.90
***
|
0.95
*
|
0.86
***
|
Site
| ||||
PEI (ref) vs. Quebecc
| 1.089 |
1.80
***
|
1.26
***
|
1.66
***
|
PEI vs. Hamilton | - |
0.70
***
| - |
0.76
***
|
PEI vs. TBay | - |
0.81
**
| - |
0.77
***
|
Quebec (ref) vs. Hamilton | - |
0.39
***
| - |
0.46
***
|
Quebec vs. TBay | - |
0.45
***
| - |
0.47
***
|
Hamilton (ref) vs. TBay | - |
1.16
**
| - | 1.02 |
BMI
d
| ||||
Healthy Weight (ref) vs. Underweight | - | 1.20 | - |
1.97
**
|
Healthy Weight vs. Overweight | - | 0.95 | - | 0.97 |
Healthy Weight vs. Obese | - |
0.81
*
| - | 0.83 |
Healthy Weight vs. Not Stated | - |
0.73
***
| - |
0.84
**
|
Not Stated (ref) vs. Underweight | - |
1.65
*
| - |
2.35
***
|
Not Stated vs. Overweight | - |
1.30
**
| - | 1.16 |
Not Stated vs. Obese | - | 1.11 | - | 0.99 |
Underweight (ref) vs. Overweight | - | 0.79 | - |
0.49
**
|
Underweight vs. Obese | - | 0.67 | - |
0.42
***
|
Overweight (ref) vs. Obese | - | 0.85 | - | 0.85 |
Fast-food place or restaurant | Eating in front of the TV | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Grade 5-8a
| Grade 9-12a
| Grade 5-8a
| Grade 9-12a
| |
Adjusted R
2b
| 0.005 | 0.031 | 0.001 | 0.020 |
Sex
| ||||
Female (ref) vs. Male |
1.27
***
|
1.42
***
| 1.07 |
1.16
**
|
Age
|
1.05
*
|
1.11
***
| 1.00 | 1.00 |
Site
| ||||
PEI (ref) vs. Quebecc
| 0.98 |
0.65
***
| 0.92 |
0.65
***
|
PEI vs. Hamilton | - |
1.25
**
| - |
1.23
**
|
PEI vs. TBay | - | 0.89 | - | 1.11 |
Quebec (ref) vs. Hamilton | - |
1.94
***
| - |
1.89
***
|
Quebec vs. TBay | - |
1.37
***
| - |
1.71
***
|
Hamilton (ref) vs. TBay | - | 0.71 | - | 0.90 |
BMI
d
| ||||
Healthy Weight (ref) vs. Underweight | - | 0.77 | - | 0.71 |
Healthy Weight vs. Overweight | - | 0.95 | - | 1.04 |
Healthy Weight vs. Obese | - | 1.14 | - |
1.35
*
|
Healthy Weight vs. Not Stated | - | 0.97 | - | 0.90 |
Not Stated (ref) vs. Underweight | - | 0.80 | - | 0.79 |
Not Stated vs. Overweight | - | 0.98 | - | 1.15 |
Not Stated vs. Obese | - | 1.17 | - |
1.50
**
|
Underweight (ref) vs. Overweight | - | 1.23 | - | 1.45 |
Underweight vs. Obese | - | 1.47 | - |
1.89
*
|
Overweight (ref) vs. Obese | - | 1.20 | - | 1.31 |