nach oben

Journal of Religion and Health

Erschienen in:

23.08.2016 | Original Paper

The Role of Existential Beliefs Within the Relation of Centenarians’ Health and Well-Being

verfasst von: Lia Araújo, Oscar Ribeiro, Constança Paúl

Erschienen in: Journal of Religion and Health | Ausgabe 4/2017

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of existential beliefs in mediating the influence of health on centenarians’ well-being. A total of 80 centenarians (mean age 101.1; SD = 1.3; 81.3 % women) with no/minor cognitive impairment were included. The OARS questionnaire for diseases and functional capacity (ADL, IADL), the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the existential beliefs subscale were used for data collection. The findings suggest that existential resources are a crucial element for mitigating the impact of health constraints in subjective well-being in this population. Appropriate models of intervention for very old age that recognize the importance of religion, spirituality, and meaning of life are to be considered.

Ai, A., Peterson, C., Bolling, S., & Koenig, H. (2002). Private prayer and optimism in middle-aged and older patients awaiting cardiac surgery. The Gerontologist, 42, 70–81.CrossRefPubMed

Andersen-Ranberg, K., Schroll, M., & Jeune, B. (2001). Healthy centenarians do not exist, but autonomous centenarians do: A population-based study of morbidity among Danish centenarians. JAGS, 49, 900–908.CrossRef

Araújo, L., & Ribeiro, O. (2011). O Paradoxo da Incapacidade das pessoas muito idosas. Acta Médica Portuguesa, 24(S2), 189–196.PubMed

Araújo, L., Ribeiro, R., Teixeira, L., Azevedo, M. J., Jopp, D., Rott, C., et al. (2015). Measuring attachment to life in old age: The Portuguese version of the Positive Valuation of Life Scale (Positive VOL). Quality of Life Research. doi:10.1007/s11136-015-0981-z.PubMed

Archer, S., Brathwaite, F., & Fraser, H. (2005). Centenarians in Barbados: The importance of religiosity in adaptation and coping and life satisfaction in the case of extreme longevity. Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging. doi:10.1300/J496v18n01_02.

Bishop, A. (2011). Spirituality and religiosity connections o mental and physical health among the oldest old. In L. Poon & J. Cohen-Mansfield (Eds.), Understanding well-being in the oldest old (pp. 227–239). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Cimarolli, V., & Jopp, D. (2014). Sensory impairments and their associations with functional disability in a sample of the oldest-old. Quality of Life Research. doi:10.1007/s11136-014-0657-0.PubMed

Cosco, T., Prina, A., Perales, J., Stephan, B., & Brayne, C. (2013). Operational definitions of successful aging: A systematic review. International Psychogeriatrics. doi:10.1017/S1041610213002287.

Crowther, M., Parker, M., Achenbaum, W., Larimore, W., & Koenig, H. (2002). Rowe and Kahn’s model of successful aging revisited: Positive spirituality—The forgotten factor. The Gerontologist, 42, 613–620.CrossRefPubMed

Dalby, P. (2006). Is there a process of spiritual change or development associated with ageing? A critical review of research. Aging & Mental Health, 10, 4–12.CrossRef

Duarte, N., Teixeira, L., Ribeiro, O., & Paul, C. (2014). Frailty phenotype criteria in centenarians: Findings from the Oporto Centenarian Study. European Geriatric Medicine. doi:10.1016/j.eurger.2014.09.015.

European Commission (2014). Super-centenarian societies. Retrieved in 10 December, 2014, from: https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/futurium/en/content/super-centenarian-societies-0.

Fillenbaum, G., & Smyer, M. (1981). The development, validity, and reliability of the OARS Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire. Journal of Gerontology, 36, 428–434.CrossRefPubMed

Flood, M. (2006). A mid-range theory of successful aging. Journal of Theory Construction & Testing, 9, 35–39.

Folstein, M., Folstein, S., & McHugh, P. (1975). Mini-mental state. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189–198.CrossRefPubMed

Freeman, S., Garcia, J., & Marston, H. (2013). Centenarian self- perceptions of factors responsible for attainment of extended health and longevity. Educational Gerontology, 39, 717–728.CrossRef

Fry, P., & Debats, D. (2010). Sources of human life-strengths, resilience and health. In P. Fry & C. Keyes (Eds.), New frontiers in resilient aging: Life strengths and well-being in late life (pp. 15–59). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Gondo, Y. (2012). Longevity and successful ageing: implications from the oldest old and centenarians. Asian Journal of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 7, 39–43.

Guerreiro, M., Silva, A., Botelho, M. A., Leitão, O., & Garcia, C. (1994). Adaptação à população portuguesa na tradução da “Mini Mental State Examination” (MMSE). Revista Portuguesa de Neurologia, 1, 9–10.

Hill, P., & Pargament, K. (2003). Advances in the conceptualization and measurement of religion and spirituality. Implications for physical and mental health research. American Psychologist, 58, 64–74.CrossRefPubMed

Hill, P., & Pargament, K. (2008). Advances in the conceptualization and measurement of religion and spirituality: Implications for physical and mental health research. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 1, 3–17.CrossRef

Hitt, R., Young-Xu, Y., Silver, M., & Perls, T. (1999). Centenarians: The older you get, the healthier you have been. The Lancet, 354(21), 652.CrossRef

Holtsberg, P., Poon, L., Noble, C., & Martin, P. (1995). Mini-mental state exam status of community-dwelling cognitively intact centenarians. Psychogeriatric, 7, 417–427.CrossRef

Hutnik, N., Smith, P., & Koch, T. (2012). What does it feel like to be 100? Socio-emotional aspects of well-being in the stories of 16 centenarians living in the United Kingdom. Aging & Mental Health. doi:10.1080/13607863.2012.684663.

Jeune, B., & Andersen-Ranberg, K. (2000). What can we learn from centenarians. In P. Martin, C. Rott, B. Hagber, & K. Morgan (Eds.), Centenarians: Autonomy versus dependence in the oldest old (pp. 9–24). New York: Springer.

Jopp, D., & Rott, C. (2006). Adaptation in very old age: Exploring the role of resources, beliefs, and attitudes for centenarians’ happiness. Psychology and Aging, 21, 266–280.CrossRefPubMed

Jopp, D., Wozniak, D., Damarin, A., Feo, M., Jung, S., & Jeswani, S. (2014). How could lay perspectives on successful aging complement scientific theory? Findings from a U.S. and a German Life-Span Sample. The Gerontologist. doi:10.1093/geront/gnu059.

Katz, S., & Calasanti, T. (2014). Critical perspectives on successful aging: Does it “Appeal More Than It Illuminates”? The Gerontologist. doi:10.1093/geront/gnu027.PubMedPubMedCentral

Knight, T., & Ricciardelli, L. (2003). Successful aging: Perceptions of adults aged between 70 and 101 years. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 56, 223–245.CrossRefPubMed

Koenig, H. (2012). Religion, spirituality, and health: The research and clinical implications. ISRN Psychiatry. doi:10.5402/2012/278730.

Krause, N. (2005). God-mediated control and psychological well-being in later life. Research on Aging, 27, 136–164.CrossRef

Krok, D. (2014). The role of meaning in life within the relations of religious coping and psychological well-being. Journal of Religion and Health. doi:10.1007/s10943-014-9983-3.PubMedCentral

Lawton, M. P., Moss, M., Hoffman, C., Kleban, M., Ruckdeschel, K., & Winter, L. (2001). Valuation of life: A concept and a scale. Aging and Mental Health, 13, 3–31.CrossRef

MacKinnon, D. (2008). Introduction to statistical mediation analysis. New York, NY: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Manning, L., Leek, J., & Radina, E. (2012). Making sense of extreme longevity: Explorations into the spiritual lives of centenarians. Journal of Religion Spirituality & Aging, 24, 345–359.CrossRef

Martin, P., da Rosa, G., & Poon, L. (2011). The impact of life events on the oldest old. In L. Poon & J. Cohen-Mansfield (Eds.), Understanding well-being in the oldest old (pp. 96–110). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Martin, P., MacDonald, M., Margrett, J., & Poon, L. (2010). Resilience and longevity: Expert survivorship of centenarians. In P. Fry & C. Keyes (Eds.), New frontiers in resilient aging: life strengths and well-being in late life (pp. 213–238). Cambridge: New York, NY.CrossRef

Martin, P., Poon, L. W., Kim, E., & Johnson, M. A. (1996). Social and psychological resources in the oldest old. Experimental Aging Research, 22(2), 121–139.CrossRefPubMed

McCarthy, V., & Bockweg, A. (2013). The role of transcendence in a holistic view of successful aging a concept analysis and model of transcendence in maturation and aging. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 31, 84–92.CrossRefPubMed

Pachterbeke, M., Keller, J., & Saroglou, V. (2012). Flexibility in existential beliefs and worldviews: Introducing and measuring existential quest. Journal of Individual Differences, 33, 2–16.CrossRef

Pargament, K. I. (1997). The psychology of religion and coping: Theory, research, practice. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993). Review of the satisfaction with life scale. Psychological Assessment, 5, 164–172.

Poon, L., & Cohen-Mansfield, J. (2011). Understanding well-being in the oldest old. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Poon, L., Martin, P., & Margrett, J. (2009). Cognition and emotion in centenarians. In C. Depp & D. Jeste (Eds.), Successful cognitive and emotional aging (pp. 115–135). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

Preacher, K., & Leonardelli, G. (2001). Calculation for the Sobel Test: An interactive calculation tool for mediation tests. Retrieved in 19 December, 2014, from: http://quantpsy.org/sobel/sobel.htm.

Randall, G., Martin, P., Bishop, A., Poon, L., & Johnson, M. (2011). Age differences and changes in resources essential to aging well: A comparison of sexagenarians, octogenarians, and centenarians. Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research. doi:10.1155/2011/357896.PubMedPubMedCentral

Reed, P. (2009). Demystifying self-transcendence for mental health nursing practice and research. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 23, 397–400.CrossRefPubMed

Rodrigues, R. (2008). Validação da versão em português europeu de questionário de avaliação funcional multidimensional de idosos [Validation of the European Portuguese version of the Older Americans Resources and Services instrument]. Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica, 23, 109–115.CrossRefPubMed

Rott, C., Jopp, D., D’Heureuse, V., & Becker, G. (2006). Predictors of well-being in very old age. In H. W. Wahl, et al. (Eds.), The many faces of health, competence and well-being in old age (pp. 119–129). Dordrecht: Springer.CrossRef

Rowe, J., & Kahn, R. (1997). Successful aging. The Gerontologist, 37, 433–440. doi:10.1093/geront/37.4.433.CrossRefPubMed

Samuelsson, S., Alfredson, B., Hagberg, B., Samuelsson, G., Nordbeck, B., Brun, A., et al. (1997). The Swedish Centenarian Study: A multidisciplinary study of five consecutive cohorts at the age of 100. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 45, 223–253.CrossRefPubMed

Sancho, P., Galiana, L., Gutierrez, M., Francisco, E., & Tomás, J. (2014). Validating the Portuguese Version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale in an elderly sample. Social Indicators Research, 115, 457–466.CrossRef

Tornstam, L. (2005). Gerotranscendence: A developmental theory of positive aging. New York, NY: Springer.

Willcox, D., Willcox, B., Sokolovsky, J., & Sakihara, S. (2007). The cultural context of “Successful Aging” among older women weavers in a Northern Okinawan Village: The role of productive activity. Journal of Cross Cultural Gerontology. doi:10.1007/s10823-006-9032-0.PubMed

Wong, P. (2000). Meaning of life and meaning of death in successful aging. In A. Tomer (Ed.), Death attitudes and the older adult (pp. 23–35). New York, NY: Brunner/Mazel Publishers.

Young, Y., Frick, K., & Phelan, E. (2009). Can successful aging and chronic illness coexist in the same individual? A multidimensional concept of successful aging. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 10(2), 87–92.

Titel: The Role of Existential Beliefs Within the Relation of Centenarians’ Health and Well-Being
verfasst von: Lia Araújo
Oscar Ribeiro
Constança Paúl
Publikationsdatum: 23.08.2016
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of Religion and Health / Ausgabe 4/2017
Print ISSN: 0022-4197
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-6571
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-016-0297-5

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2017

Spirituality and Religiosity and Its Role in Health and Diseases

“One Big Family”: Pastoral Care and Treatment Seeking in an Egyptian Coptic Church in England

Statistical Effects of Religious Participation and Marriage on Substance Use and Abuse in Racial and Ethnic Minorities

The Relationship Between the Religious Beliefs of the Diabetic Patients and Depression in a Diabetes Clinic in Iran

Emotional Detachment of Partners and the Sanctity of the Relationship with the Analyst as the Most Powerful Curative Factor

Religion and Happiness: A Study Among University Students in Turkey