Background
Methods
Participants and procedure
Data collection
Results
Characteristics of the participants
Patient characteristic | Category | n | (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 8 | 66.7 |
Female | 4 | 33.3 | |
Age | <35 | 3 | 25.0 |
35–45 | 3 | 25.0 | |
45–55 | 4 | 33.3 | |
>55 | 2 | 16.7 | |
Ethnicity | Javanese | 12 | 100.0 |
Other | 0 | 0.0 | |
Religion | Islam | 12 | 100.0 |
Other | 0 | 0.0 | |
Level of education | No school | 1 | 8.3 |
Did not complete primary school | 0 | 0.0 | |
Graduated primary school | 5 | 41.7 | |
Graduated junior high | 3 | 25.0 | |
Graduated high school | 2 | 16.7 | |
Graduated from university | 1 | 8.3 | |
Occupation | Housewife | 3 | 25.0 |
Entrepreneur | 3 | 25.0 | |
Civil servant/Police/Army | 1 | 8.3 | |
Farmer/Fisherman/Labor | 4 | 33.3 | |
Student | 1 | 8.3 | |
Marital status | Not married | 2 | 16.7 |
Divorced | 0 | 0.0 | |
Widow | 1 | 8.3 | |
Married | 9 | 75.0 | |
Types of insurance | Lower income | 10 | 83.3 |
Other | 2 | 16.7 | |
Stage disease | III | 1 | 8.3 |
IVA | 2 | 16.7 | |
IVB | 7 | 58.3 | |
IVC | 2 | 16.7 | |
Time from first symptoms to diagnosis in months | <3 | 2 | 16.7 |
3–6> | 4 | 33.4 | |
6–9> | 5 | 41.7 | |
≥9 | 1 | 8.3 |
Perceived susceptibility and severity (quotes 1–9; Table 2)
nr | patient | Quote |
---|---|---|
Perceived susceptibility and severity | ||
1 | 7 |
“I never heard of NPC before […] even my doctor was surprised […] I was just shocked”.
|
2 | 2 |
Statement by daughter of this patient: “Personally, I have no idea what causes the disease…before, my father ever had a ruptured blood vessel.”
|
3 | 11 |
“I’m afraid of cancer…..I am afraid that I would die.”
|
4 | 12 |
“even though I have this illness but I don’t consider myself to have this illness, just like normal.
|
5 | 8 |
“I totally changed my lifestyle. I totally quit smoking and I also eat vegetable, it feels good”.
|
6 | 4 |
“if I would not have waited, but went straight to the dr. Sardjito hospital, I would still be like this”
|
7 | 6 |
“At first, I had a headache, I was dizzy and all the bones in my left side from the bottom are painful; then my son told me to go check it in the hospital”.
|
8 | 5 |
“I had a small mass in my neck, more than one year ago, then I had a biopsy. But the mass came back five months ago. During the time I regularly had blood in my sputum and a headache, but I did not think that was serious.”
|
9 | 9 |
“I had a ringing sound in one of my ears. After a while I went to the doctor, but he said that I was fine, so I thought it was just flu. But then I had a terrible headache and I had a mass in my neck. The mass really felt abnormal, so I went to the doctor again.”
|
Perceived benefits and barriers | ||
10 | 9 |
“According to the theory I would get cured […] the chemo would make the illness less and the radiotherapy would eliminate it”.
|
11 | 8 |
“I was diagnosed with a bronchitis […] after several months the lumps in my neck appeared”.
|
12 | 1 |
“I got a tonsil operation, I thought I would be cured, but I still had a headache […] I went to eleven different doctors before I got to the Ear Nose Throat doctor […] now we only have to wait for the chemotherapy”.
|
13 | 11 |
“For registration I had to wait for one to two hours…… after I got the schedule for radiotherapy, I wanted the internist to tell about the schedule…. I had to queue from the beginning again”
|
14 | 9 |
“I would like to pay no matter what, my son told me not to use BPJS they would treat us like less important”.
|
15 | 3 |
“There was a patient from Banyumas; she had a blackened face, I’m only afraid I will get that too when I start radiotherapy”.
|
Cues to action | ||
16 | 8 |
“My suggestion is there should be posters in the street so they know about the danger of smoking […] I often see young kids on the street smoking, only thing I can do is tell them about the risk of getting cancer, because I already have the experience”.
|
17 | 7 |
“I went for 8 times to dr. Sardjito hospital […] until all papers were complete. I was there until I fainted […] we had to go there and there”.
|
18 | 8 |
“The queue for the registration is very long […] this is an obstacle; this should be easier”.
|
19 | 3 |
“About the costs, it is hard […] but the cost to go there by bus is too much […] For the treatment we now use BPJS, the insurance before only gave us a discount, but now we do not have to pay for the treatment”.
|
Culture and religion | ||
20 | 10 |
“My health was decreasing, so my family and kids quickly decided to get medical treatment […] We would do everything to be able to pay for it […] it was money from the family”.
|
21 | 2 |
“We didn’t tell my father about his disease… we are afraid that he will get stressed [..] He knows that he is sick”.
|
22 | 2 |
“I don’t know the names of all the herbs; knowledge is inherited from previous generations, my grandparents […] I’m using alternative treatment because I just want to be cured. Besides that, it is more affordable”.
|
23 | 10 |
I do want to know more clearly, well, because I am only a patient so I keep quiet […] maybe if I asked something, the doctor would be offended.
|
24 | 7 |
“If God allows I will be cured”
|
25 | 10 |
“I am not afraid, the most important thing is that I totally surrender to have this illness, hope God will take it away”.
|