Background
Genomic progress in triple negative breast cancer
Main text
Germline mutations in triple negative breast Cancer
BRCA1/2 mutations in TNBC
Reference | Race/Ethnicity | TNBC cases | Total TNBC | TNBC with family history | Early onset TNBC | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BRCA1 prevalence | BRCA2 prevalence | BRCA1 prevalence | BRCA2 prevalence | BRCA1 prevalence | BRCA2 prevalence | |||
Foulkes 2003 [10] | AJa | 72 | 23.6% (17/72) | 0 | _ | _ | _ | _ |
Atchley 2008 [9] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AAb/Asian/AJ | 93 | 34.4% (32/93) | 7.5% (7/93) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
Young 2009 [14] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian/AJ | 54 | _ | _ | _ | _ | <40 years 16.7%(9/54) | <40 years 1.9%(1/54) |
Gonzalez 2011 [78] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA | 77 | 14.3% (11/77) | 3.9% (3/77) | 22.7% (5/22) | 0 | _ | _ |
Comen 2011 [11] | AJ | 64 | 29.7% (19/64) | 9.4% (6/64) | BRCA1/2 prevalence 32.1%(9/28) | <50 years 50%(14/28) | <50 years 7.1%(2/28) | |
Hartman 2012 [79] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian | 199 | 6.5% (13/199) | 4.0% (8/199) | 10.2% (11/108) | 4.6% (5/108) | <50 years 9.3%(8/86) | <50 years 5.8%(5/86) |
Greenup 2013 [13] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian/AJ | 450 | 23.5% (106/450) | 7.1% (32/450) | _ | _ | <40 years 37.7%(55/146) | <40 years 6.8%(10/146) |
Sharma 2014 [80] | Caucasian/AA/AJ | 207 | 11.1% (23/207) | 4.3% (9/207) | BRCA1/2 prevalence 21.1%(27/128) | BRCA1/2 prevalence: <50 years 27.6%(21/76) | ||
Couch 2015 [6] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian | 1824 | 8.5% (155/1824) | 2.7% (49/1824) | 13.4% (72/539) | 3.2% (17/539) | <50 years 13.0%(98/754) | <50 years 3.6%(27/754) |
Tung 2015 [81] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian/AJ | 87 | 12.6% (11/87) | 1.1% (1/87) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
Villarreal 2015 [12] | Mexican | 190 | 22.6% (43/190) | 0.5% (1/190) | _ | _ | BRCA1/2 prevalence: <50 years 23.2%(44/190) | |
Wong 2015 [82] | Australian | 439 | 5.9% (26/439) | 3.4% (15/439) | 8.8% (13/147) | 2.7% (4/147) | <40 years 11.9%(7/59) | <40 years 3.4%(2/59) |
Wong 2015 [82] | Polish | 335 | 5.4% (18/335) | 4.5% (15/335) | _ | _ | <40 years 36.4%(4/11) | <40 years 0 |
Gonzalez 2016 [83] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian | 105 | 12.4% (13/105) | 1.9% (2/105) | 22.7% (5/22) | 9.1% (2/22) | ≤50 years 20.8%(11/53) | ≤50 years 1.9%(1/53) |
Zhang 2016 [84] | Chinese | 990 | 7.2% (71/990) | 2.2% (22/990) | _ | _ | <50 years 10.6%(53/498) | _ |
Hahnen 2017 [88] | German | 291 | 14.7% (43/291) | 2.4% (7/291) | BRCA1/2 prevalence 28.2%(31/110) | BRCA1/2 prevalence: <40 years 35.4%(23/65) | ||
Sun 2017 [19] | Chinese | 1104 | 7.4% (82/1104) | 3.8% (42/1104) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
Yang 2017 [85] | Malaysians | 88 | 12.5% (11/88) | 9.1% (8/88) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
Reference | Race/Ethnicity | TNBC cases | Total TNBC | TNBC (>50 years) | TNBC (>60 years) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BRCA1 prevalence | BRCA2 prevalence | BRCA1 prevalence | BRCA2 prevalence | BRCA1 prevalence | BRCA2 prevalence | |||
Comen 2011 [11] | AJa | 64 | 29.7% (19/64) | 9.4% (6/64) | 13.9% (5/36) | 11.1% (4/36) | _ | _ |
Hartman 2012 [79] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AAb/Asian | 199 | 6.5% (13/199) | 4.0% (8/199) | 4.4% (5/113) | 2.7% (3/113) | _ | _ |
Greenup 2013 [13] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian/AJ | 450 | 23.5% (106/450) | 7.1% (32/450) | 14.9% (25/168) | 7.7% (13/168) | 5.3% (2/38) | 7.9% (3/38) |
Sharma 2014 [80] | Caucasian/AA/AJ | 207 | 11.1% (23/207) | 4.3% (9/207) | BRCA1/2 prevalence 8.4%(11/131) | BRCA1/2 prevalence 4.9%(3/62) | ||
Couch 2015 [6] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian | 1824 | 8.5% (155/1824) | 2.7% (49/1824) | 3.3% (17/520) | 1.3% (7/520) | 1.4% (4/279) | 0.7% (2/279) |
Wong 2015 [82] | Australian | 439 | 5.9% (26/439) | 3.4% (15/439) | 2.1% (6/286) | 3.5% (10/286) | 2.2% (4/182) | 2.2% (4/182) |
Wong 2015 [82] | Polish | 335 | 5.4% (18/335) | 4.5% (15/335) | 3.5% (10/286) | 4.5% (13/286) | 2.1% (3/141) | 4.3% (6/141) |
Gonzalez 2016 [83] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian | 105 | 12.4% (13/105) | 1.9% (2/105) | 3.8% (2/52) | 1.9% (1/52) | _ | _ |
Zhang 2016 [84] | Chinese | 990 | 7.2% (71/990) | 2.2% (22/990) | 3.7% (18/492) | _ | _ | _ |
Other predisposition genes associated with TNBC
Reference | Ethnicity/region | TNBC cases | Genes studied except BRCA1/2 | Mutations of other predisposition genes | Number of carriers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wong 2014 [86] | Australia | 347 TNBC | PALB2 (Coding regions, intron/exon boundaries) | 8 deleterious mutations | 41 cases |
Cybulski 2015 [15] | Poland | 1257 TNBC | PALB2 (c.509_510delGA; c.172_175delTTGT) | _ | 35 cases |
Heikkinen 2009 [16] | Finland | 76 familiar TNBC and 56 sporadic TNBC | FANCM (c.1592delT) | _ | 12 cases |
Kiiski 2014 [18] | Finland | 204 TNBC | FANCM (c.5101C > T) | _ | 12 cases |
Neidhardt 2017 [17] | Germany | 215 non-BRCA mutated, familiar TNBC | FANCM (Coding region) | 8 deleterious mutations | 4 cases |
Ollier 2015 [87] | France | 50 non-BRCA mutated, familiar TNBC | 36 DNA repair related genes (Coding regions, intron/exon boundaries) | 7 deleterious mutation in RAD51D; MRE11A; CHEK2; MLH1; MSH6; PALB2 | 7 cases |
Tung 2015 [81] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AJ/AA/Asian | 87 TNBC | 23 cancer susceptibility genes (Coding regions, intron/exon boundaries) | 3 deleterious mutations in BR1P1; RAD51D; NBN | 3 cases |
Sun 2017 [19] | China | 1104 TNBC | 44 cancer susceptibility genes (Coding regions, intron/exon boundaries) | 53 deleterious mutations mainly in PALB2, TP53, RAD51D and ATM | 53 cases |
Couch 2015 [6] | Caucasian/Hispanic/AA/Asian | 1824 TNBC | 15 other breast cancer susceptibility genes (Coding regions, intron/exon boundaries) | 67 deleterious mutations mainly in PALB2, BARD1, BR1P1, RAD51C, RAD51D, RAD50, and XRCC2 | 67 cases |