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Erschienen in: Der Internist 5/2018

13.03.2018 | Pneumologie | Arzneimitteltherapie

Therapie akuter und rekurrenter Clostridium-difficile-Infektionen

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verfasst von: Dr. A. von Braun, Prof. Dr. C. Lübbert, DTM&H

Erschienen in: Die Innere Medizin | Ausgabe 5/2018

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Zusammenfassung

Weltweit liegt die Inzidenz von Clostridium-difficile-Infektionen (CDI) auf einem hohen Niveau. Auch in Deutschland gehen CDI mit einer unverändert hohen Krankheitslast und einem Anstieg der Zahl schwerer oder sogar letaler Verläufe einher. Hauptrisikofaktor ist eine antibiotische Therapie, die über die Störung des intestinalen Mikrobioms die Entwicklung einer CDI ermöglicht. Für die Therapie von CDI sollte nach den aktualisierten US-amerikanischen und europäischen Leitlinien oral verabreichtes Vancomycin das Mittel der ersten Wahl sein. Fidaxomicin ist ähnlich wirksam wie Vancomycin, sein Vorteil besteht in der geringeren Rate an Rezidiven. Klinische Studien haben ferner gezeigt, dass die zusätzliche Gabe des monoklonalen Antikörpers Bezlotoxumab die Rezidivrate signifikant senkt. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden mehrere neuartige antibiotische Substanzen zur Therapie von CDI entwickelt, die bei nur geringer intestinaler Resorption vornehmlich im Darmlumen wirken und aufgrund ihres relativ engen Wirkspektrums einen geringeren Kollateralschaden im intestinalen Mikrobiom zur Folge haben. Dazu gehören Surotomycin, Cadazolid und Ridinilazol. Des Weiteren ist zu erwarten, dass Toxoidimpfstoffe CDI wirksam verhindern können; allerdings wurde bislang noch keine der erforderlichen Zulassungsstudien abgeschlossen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Therapie akuter und rekurrenter Clostridium-difficile-Infektionen
Was gibt es Neues?
verfasst von
Dr. A. von Braun
Prof. Dr. C. Lübbert, DTM&H
Publikationsdatum
13.03.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Innere Medizin / Ausgabe 5/2018
Print ISSN: 2731-7080
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-018-0401-x

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