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Erschienen in: Der Orthopäde 10/2017

05.09.2017 | Konservative Therapie | Leitthema

Therapie degenerativer Meniskusläsionen

Von der eminenz- zur evidenzbasierten Medizin

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. R. Becker, M. Bernard, S. Scheffler, S. Kopf

Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie | Ausgabe 10/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Der Behandlung degenerativer Meniskusläsionen wurde nach Veröffentlichung mehrere Level-1-Studien in den vergangenen Jahren größere Aufmerksamkeit zuteil. Die folgende Arbeit analysiert die Literatur und berichtet über die Konsensusarbeit der European Society of Sports Medicine Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy (ESSKA), ein Behandlungskonzept für diese Patienten zusammenzufassen.

Material und Methode

Für die Analyse wurden die Level-1- bis -4-Studien, Reviewarbeiten und die Konsensusarbeit der ESSKA einbezogen, die über die operative und konservative Behandlung von Meniskusläsionen berichten.

Ergebnisse

Meniskusschäden verursachen eine Progression der Arthrose. Patienten, die neben dem Meniskusschaden bereits eine Arthrose haben, zeigen schlechtere postoperative Ergebnisse. Patienten nach operativer Behandlung von degenerativen Meniskusläsionen erreichen über 70 Punkte im Lysholm-Score. Die Level-1-Studien zeigten vergleichbare klinische Ergebnisse nach konservativer und operativer Behandlung. Über 30 % der initial konservativ behandelten Patienten benötigten nach ca. 3–6 Monaten eine Arthroskopie. Patienten mit Lappenrissen oder mechanischen Symptomen reagieren schlechter auf eine konservative Therapie.

Diskussion

Die Level-1-Studien untersuchten ein sehr selektiertes Patientenklientel, welches nicht dem klinischen Alltag entspricht. Aus diesem Grunde ist eine Verallgemeinerung der Ergebnisse nur eingeschränkt möglich. Entsprechend der Konsensusarbeit der ESSKA sollten Patienten, die eine degenerative Meniskusläsion haben, über einen Zeitraum von 3 Monaten konservativ behandelt werden. Im Fall von mechanischen Symptomen empfiehlt sich eher eine zeitnahe operative Versorgung. Eine Arthroskopie sollte nicht empfohlen werden, wenn die Patienten bereits eine fortgeschrittene Arthrose zeigen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Therapie degenerativer Meniskusläsionen
Von der eminenz- zur evidenzbasierten Medizin
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. R. Becker
M. Bernard
S. Scheffler
S. Kopf
Publikationsdatum
05.09.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Orthopädie / Ausgabe 10/2017
Print ISSN: 2731-7145
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-017-3465-8

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