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Erschienen in: Der Onkologe 7/2017

18.05.2017 | Stammzell-Transplantation | Leitthema

Therapie der akuten lymphatischen Leukämie des Erwachsenen

verfasst von: Nicola Gökbuget, MD

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Ausgabe 7/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die akute lymphatische Leukämie (ALL) ist die häufigste maligne Erkrankung im Kindesalter und hat an den akuten Leukämien des Erwachsenenalters einen Anteil von etwa 20 %.

Ergebnisse

In den vergangenen Jahrzehnten wurden bezüglich der Charakterisierung der ALL und der Optimierung ihrer Therapie wesentliche Fortschritte erzielt. Es wurden biologische Subgruppen und Risikogruppen mit unterschiedlichem klinischem Verlauf identifiziert. Auf der Zuordnung zu diesen Untergruppen basieren aktuelle, individualisierte risikoadaptierte Therapieprotokolle. Etwa 90% der erwachsenen ALL-Patienten erreichen nun eine komplette Remission, und die Heilungschancen erhöhten sich in den vergangenen 30 Jahren von unter 10 % auf über 50 %.

Schlussfolgerungen

Wesentlich für die Verbesserung der Therapieergebnisse waren eine Optimierung der Chemotherapie und Supportivbehandlung, die Integration der Stammzelltransplantation in die Erstlinienbehandlung, individualisierte Therapiemodifikationen unter Berücksichtigung der minimalen Resterkrankung und zielgerichtete Therapien wie der Einsatz von Tyrosinkinaseinhibitoren bei der Ph/BCR-ABL-positiven ALL (Ph: Philadelphia-Chromosom, BCR: „breakpoint cluster region“, ABL: „Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1“).
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Metadaten
Titel
Therapie der akuten lymphatischen Leukämie des Erwachsenen
verfasst von
Nicola Gökbuget, MD
Publikationsdatum
18.05.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe 7/2017
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-017-0236-4

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