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Erschienen in: Der Internist 12/2012

01.12.2012 | Schwerpunkt

Therapie des typischen hämolytisch-urämischen Syndroms

Erkenntnisse aus dem E.-coli-Ausbruch 2011

Erschienen in: Die Innere Medizin | Ausgabe 12/2012

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Zusammenfassung

Das Shiga-Toxin-assoziierte hämolytisch-urämische Syndrom (HUS) ist eine Form der thrombotischen Mikroangiopathie mit hämolytischer Anämie, Thrombozytopenie und akuter Nierenschädigung. Im Mai 2011 kam es in Norddeutschland zu einem Ausbruch mit enterohämorrhagischen Escherichia  coli (EHEC; O104:H4). Ende Juli waren fast 4000 Patienten an einer EHEC-Infektion erkrankt. Dem Robert Koch-Institut wurden 855 Patienten mit der Diagnose eines HUS gemeldet, 35 (4,1%) starben. Das EHEC-assoziierte HUS ist eine meist sporadisch auftretende Erkrankung. Kontrollierte Therapiestudien liegen nicht vor. Erste Analysen lassen vermuten, dass der bei einem Großteil der Patienten eingesetzte Plasmaaustausch eher schädigend als therapeutisch erfolgreich war. Die Rolle des monoklonalen Antikörpers Eculizumab, eines Inhibitors des Komplementsystems, wird in einer noch unveröffentlichten Multicenterstudie geprüft. Vielversprechend könnte der Einsatz einiger Antibiotika zu bewerten sein. Dies würde einen Paradigmenwechsel in Bezug auf bisherige Therapiestrategien bedeuten. Weitere laufende und geplante Analysen der Epidemie sollten abgewartet werden, bevor eine endgültige Empfehlung zu den verschiedenen Therapieverfahren erfolgt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Therapie des typischen hämolytisch-urämischen Syndroms
Erkenntnisse aus dem E.-coli-Ausbruch 2011
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2012
Erschienen in
Die Innere Medizin / Ausgabe 12/2012
Print ISSN: 2731-7080
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-012-3107-5

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