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Erschienen in:
10.03.2020 | Review Paper
Thiazide Diuretic–Induced Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Erschienen in: Journal of General Internal Medicine | Ausgabe 6/2020
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Background
Prior meta-analyses measuring thiazide-induced glycemic change have demonstrated an increased risk of incident diabetes; however, this measure’s definition has changed over time.
Aim
To determine the magnitude of change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) for thiazide diuretics.
Data Sources
A research librarian designed and conducted searches in Medline®, EMBASE, and EBM Reviews-Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (inception through July 2018) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (inception to December 2014).
Study Selection
Randomized, controlled trials comparing a thiazide or thiazide-like diuretic to any comparator reporting FPG were identified. Trials enrolling < 50 participants, those with a follow-up period of < 4 weeks, and conference abstracts were excluded.
Data Extraction
Independent duplicate screening of citations and full-text articles, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias was conducted.
Data Synthesis
Ninety-five studies were included (N = 76,608 participants), with thiazides compared with placebo, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system inhibitors, potassium-sparing diuretic, and others alone or in combination. Thiazide diuretics marginally increased FPG (weighted mean difference 0.20 mmol/L (95% CI 0.15–0.25); I2 = 84%) (1 mmol/L = 18 mg/dL). Results did not change substantially when considering dose or duration, comparing thiazides with placebo or an active comparator, or using thiazides as monotherapy or combination therapy, even when combined with a potassium-correcting agent.
Conclusion
Thiazide diuretics have a small and clinically unimportant impact on FPG.