Background
Methods
Animals
Surgical preparation
Experimental protocol
Plasma concentration of catecholamines
Cytokine measurements
Immunohistochemistry
Intravital microscopy
Quantification of leukocyte-endothelium interaction
Myeloperoxidase assay
Fluorescence activated cell sorting
Wet-to-dry weight ratio
Statistical analysis
Results
Hemodynamic variables
Laboratory variables
Variable | Group | Baseline | 5 h LPS | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
pH
| LPS - TEA - | 7.36 [7.33,7.38] | 7.30 [7.26,7.32] | |
LPS + TEA - | 7.36 [7.34,7.39] | 7.30 [7.28,7.34] € | € 0.019 | |
LPS + TEA + | 7.37 [7.34,7.40] | 7.32 [7.29,7.45] | ||
p
a
CO
2
(mmHg)
| LPS - TEA - | 49 [45,51] | 46 [42,50] | |
LPS + TEA - | 45 [37,48] | 30 [27,36] € * | € < 0.001 | |
LPS + TEA + | 47 [45,50] | 37 [30,40] € * | € < 0.001 | |
p
a
O
2
(mm Hg)
| LPS - TEA - | 72 [64,81] | 89 [67,94] € | € 0.016 |
LPS + TEA - | 79 [73 , 86] | 101 [96 , 105] € * | € < 0.001 | |
LPS + TEA + | 78 [66,83] | 95.5 [85,104] € | € < 0.001 | |
Hematocrit (%)
| LPS - TEA - | 48 [44,50] | 46 [41,47] € | € 0.024 |
LPS + TEA - | 47 [46,49] | 36 [34,39] € * | € < 0.001 | |
LPS + TEA + | 49 [46,51] | 36 [35,37] € * | € < 0.001 | |
Base excess (mM)
| LPS - TEA - | -0.4 [-0.9,0.5] | -4.5 [-6.1,-1.9] € § | € < 0.001 |
LPS + TEA - | -1.6 [-2.7,-0.5] | -9.7 [-11.8,-7.2] € | € < 0.001 | |
LPS + TEA + | 0.4 [-0.5,1.7] $ | -6.8 [-8.7,-4.2] € § | € < 0.001 | |
Leukocytes (10
3
μl
-1
)
| LPS - TEA - | 9.5 [8.4,11.8] | 18.5 [15.6,19.7] € | € < 0.001 |
LPS + TEA - | 12.0 [10.6,13.9] | 4.4 [3.4,5.9] € * | € < 0.001 | |
LPS + TEA + | 9.2 [8.0,11.7] | 5.3 [3.3,6.6] € * | € < 0.001 | |
Platelets (10
3
μl
-1
)
| LPS - TEA - | 995 [843,1109] | 867 [724,997] € | € 0.002 |
LPS + TEA - | 919 [827,1053] | 120 [97,204] € * | € < 0.001 | |
LPS + TEA + | 941 [807,1030] | 165 [94,379] € * | € < 0.001 | |
Sodium (mM)
| LPS - TEA - | 141 [139,143] | 141 [139,143] | |
LPS + TEA - | 142 [141,143] | 142 [141,144] | ||
LPS + TEA + | 141 [140,142] | 141 [140,143] | ||
Potassium (mM)
| LPS - TEA - | 4.4 [4.3,4.7] | 4.0 [4.0,4.3] € | € 0.003 |
LPS + TEA - | 4.5 [4.3,4.8] | 4.6 [4.2,4.9] * | ||
LPS + TEA + | 4.4 [4.3,5.1] | 4.3 [4.1,4.5] |
Plasma concentrations of catecholamines and cytokines
Variable | LPS - TEA - | LPS + TEA - | LPS + TEA + |
---|---|---|---|
Norepinephrine [ng/l] | 2979 [2528,3826] | 4543 [3750,5458] | 5052 [2902,7252] |
Epinephrine [ng/l] | 293 [162,496] | 901 [568,1628] # | 614 [488,1078] |
IL-1β [pg/ml] | 29.3 [19.7,37.8] | 59.9 [54.0,67.7] * | 47.7 [32.0,57.5 |
TNF-α [pg/ml] | 16.0 [14.3,17.7] | 17.6 [15.7,19.4] | 19.6 [18.0,25.8] |