Background
Methods
Study population and procedure
NAAT testing for C. trachomatis
Statistical analysis
Results
Participants
Baseline characteristics
Characteristics | Total N (%)a | Urethra N (%)a | Rectum N (%)a | Endocervix N (%)a |
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 23 | 7 (30.4) | 7 (30.4) | 9 (39.1) | |
Gender | |||||
Male | 14 (60.9) | 7 (100.0) | 7 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Female | 9 (39.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (100.0) | |
Median age, in years (IQR) | 24 (20–35) | 29 (24–35) | 40 (24–44) | 20 (19–23) | 0.003 |
Ethnicity | 1.00 | ||||
Dutch | 11 (47.8) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (57.1) | 4 (44.4) | |
Non-Dutch | 12 (52.2) | 4 (57.1) | 3 (42.9) | 5 (55.6) | |
Sexual risk group | |||||
MSM | 10 (43.5) | 3 (42.9) | 7 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Hetero male | 4 (17.4) | 4 (57.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Female | 9 (39.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (100.0) | |
HIV positive | 5 (21.7) | 1 (14.3) | 4 (57.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.02 |
Using cART | 4 (80.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (100.0) | - | 0.20 |
CD4+ cell count (cells/mm3) | 1.00 | ||||
350–499 | 1 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (25.0) | - | |
≥ 500 | 4 (80.0) | 1 (100.0) | 3 (75.0) | - | |
Previous chlamydia episode | 12 (52.2) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (57.1) | 5 (55.6) | 1.00 |
Chlamydia in preceding 6 months | 3 (13.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (14.3) | 2 (22.2) | 0.75 |
Symptoms or signs at examinationb,c | 13 (56.5) | 6 (85.7) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (44.4) | 0.23 |
Median time to inclusion, days (IQR) | 8 (0–12) | 0 (0–0) | 10 (7–13) | 9 (8–12) | 0.003 |
Treatment at inclusiond | 0.001 | ||||
Ceftriaxone + azithromycin | 16 (69.6) | 7 (100.0) | 1 (14.3) | 8 (88.9) | |
Ceftriaxone + doxycycline | 7 (30.4) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (85.7) | 1 (11.1) |
Behaviour after inclusion
Characteristics | Total n (%)a | Urethra n (%)a | Rectum n (%)a | Endocervix n (%)a |
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | 23 | 7 (30.4) | 7 (30.4) | 9 (39.1) | |
Behaviour after inclusion | |||||
Median no. of samples collected (range) | 28 (25–28) | 28 (26–28) | 28 (26–28) | 27 (25–28) | 0.01 |
Patients with missed samples | 11 (47.8) | 1 (14.3) | 2 (28.6) | 8 (88.9) | 0.009 |
Median no. of missed samples (IQR) | 1 (1–3) | 2 (2–2) | 1.5 (1–2) | 1 (1–3) | 0.86 |
Rectal/vaginal douching | 4 (25.0)g | - | 3 (42.9) | 1 (11.1) | 0.26 |
Sexual contact | 12 (52.2) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (57.1) | 5 (55.6) | 1.00 |
Condomless sex | 5 (21.7) | 1 (14.3) | 2 (28.6) | 2 (22.2) | 1.00 |
RNA clearanceb | |||||
Clearance during follow-up | 23 (100.0) | 7 (100.0) | 7 (100.0) | 9 (100.0) | |
Day of clearance definablec | 21 (91.3) | 7 (100.0) | 6 (85.7) | 8 (88.9) | 1.00 |
Median time to clearance, days (range) | 7 (1–13) | 5 (1–13) | 6.5 (5–9) | 8 (6–13) | 0.20 |
Blipsd | |||||
Samples at risk for blip | 411 | 140 | 126 | 145 | |
Number of blips | 18 | 0 | 12 | 6 | |
Number of patients | 8 (34.8) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (42.9) | 5 (55.6) | 0.09 |
Median time to first blip from being at risk, days (range) | 1 (1–16) | - | 1 (1–2) | 4.5 (1–16) | 0.61 |
DNA clearanceb,e | |||||
Clearance during follow-up | 22 (100.0) | 6 (100.0) | 7 (100.0) | 9 (100.0) | |
Day of clearance definablef | 21 (95.5) | 6 (100.0) | 7 (100.0) | 8 (88.9) | |
Median time to clearance, days (range) | 6 (1–15) | 6 (1–14) | 5 (2–9) | 7.5 (5–15) | 0.08 |
Blipsf | |||||
Samples at risk for blip | 403 | 117 | 138 | 144 | |
Number of blips | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | |
Number of patients | 5 (22.7) | 0 | 0 | 5 (55.6) | 0.01 |
Median time to first blip from being at risk, days (range) | 3 (2–8) | - | - | 3 (2–8) | |
Mean Ct-value (range) | 38.6 (35.3–41.7) | - | - | 38.6 (35.3–41.7) |