Background
Methods
Study area
Locality | Latitudeª | Longitudeª | Altitude (m) | H | W | Number of families | Number of informants | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | Men | Total | |||||||
Zivale | 7866980 | 580750 | 257 | F | F | 326 | 4 | 11 | 15 |
Nhamanguena | 7859169 | 584077 | 175 | N | N | 306 | 9 | 9 | 18 |
Chibuto | 7847014 | 591544 | 212 | F | N | 175 | 5 | 6 | 11 |
Manica-Sofala | 7837205 | 590776 | 198 | N | F | 93 | 4 | 4 | 8 |
Total
|
22
|
30
|
52
|
Ethnobotanical survey
Vegetation sampling
Conservation Priority index (CP)
Local use (L) | |
high (cited by more than 71% of the informants) | 10 |
moderately high (41–70%) | 07 |
moderately low (<41%) | 04 |
Harvesting Risk (HR) | |
destructive harvesting (whole plant, tubers or stems) or overexploitation of rhizomes, roots, bark and tubers | 10 |
removal without causing individual mortality of perennial structures such as bark and roots. | 07 |
removal of aerial permanent structures such as leaves, stems and sap affecting survival and/or reproductive success. | 04 |
aerial structures such as flowers and fruits removed unaffecting the plant. | 01 |
Relative Density (RD) | |
not recorded to very low (0–1) | 10 |
low (1.1 < 3.5) | 07 |
medium (3.6 < 7) | 04 |
high (≥7.1) | 01 |
Relative Frequency (RF) | |
not recorded to very low (0–1) | 10 |
low (1.1 < 3.5) | 07 |
medium (3.6 < 7) | 04 |
high (≥7.1) | 01 |
Relative Dominance (RDo) | |
not recorded to very low (0–1) | 10 |
low (1.1 < 3.5) | 07 |
medium (3.6 < 7) | 04 |
high (≥7.1) | 01 |
Relative Seedlings Density (RSD) | |
not recorded to very low (0–1) | 10 |
low (1.1 < 3.5) | 07 |
medium (3.6 < 7) | 04 |
high (≥7.1) | 01 |
Results and discussion
Used plants and their cultural value for local communities
Botanical family | Botanical species | Local name | No. of citations | No. of informants | Plant parts | General categories of use | No. of general categories of use | No. of secondary categories of use |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agavaceae | ||||||||
Agave sisalana Perrine
| sava, gave | 2 | 1 | Leaves, Whole plant | Handicraft, Veterinary | 2 | 2 | |
Amaranthaceae | ||||||||
Alternanthera sessilis (L.) DC.
| chingoja | 1 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Anacardiaceae | ||||||||
Anacardium occidentale L.
| mukejo, caju | 5 | 3 | Fruit, Stems/Branches | Food, Domestic | 2 | 4 | |
Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. subsp. caffra (Sond.) Kokwaro
| mudangua | 7 | 4 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 3 | |
Annonaceae | ||||||||
Annona senegalensis Pers.
| maroro | 17 | 17 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Artabotrys brachypetalus Benth.
| macosso | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Cleistochlamys kirkii (Benth.) Oliv.
| munzinda | 4 | 4 | Fruit, Stems/Branches | Food, Handicraft | 2 | 2 | |
Apocynaceae | ||||||||
Ancylobotrys petersiana (Klotzsch) Pierre
| muzambera, muconja | 2 | 2 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Diplorhychus condylocarpon (Müll. Arg.) Pichon
| mutoa | 2 | 2 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Landolphia kirkii Dyer ex J.D. Hook
| muhungu | 2 | 2 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 2 | |
Saba comorensis (Bojer) Pichon var. florida (Benth) Pinchon
| muzamera, muconja | 6 | 5 | Fruit, Latex/Sap | Food, Domestic | 2 | 2 | |
Tabernaemontana ventricosa Hochst. ex A. DC.
| muchenga | 2 | 2 | Fruit | Food, Domestic | 2 | 2 | |
Arecaceae | ||||||||
Borassus sp.
| chivumu | 2 | 1 | Latex/Sap, Stems/Branches | Food, Handicraft | 2 | 2 | |
Hyphaene coriacea Kuntze
| muchevo | 2 | 1 | Fruit, Underground organs | Food | 1 | 2 | |
Phoenix reclinata Jacq.
| muchindu | 2 | 1 | Fruit, Latex/Sap | Food | 1 | 2 | |
Asteraceae | ||||||||
Blumea crispata (Vahl) Merxm.
| nhabise | 1 | 1 | Epigeal part | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Bignoniaceae | ||||||||
Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth.
| muweve | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Markhamia zanzibarica (Bojer ex DC.) K. Schum.
| mufeva | 2 | 2 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 2 | |
Cactaceae | ||||||||
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.
| ndungantunga | 2 | 2 | Fruit, Epigeal part | Food, Veterinary | 2 | 2 | |
Rhipsalis baccifera (J. S. Muell.) Stearn.
| ngocha | 1 | 1 | Epigeal part | Veterinary | 1 | 1 | |
Capparidaceae | ||||||||
Boscia albitrunca (Burch.) Gilg & Benedict
| muvaravara, mupupu | 2 | 1 | Bark, Underground organs | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Boscia filipes Gilg
| muvalavala | 1 | 1 | Underground organs | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Caricaceae | ||||||||
Carica papaya L.
| papaya | 1 | 1 | Leaves | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Celatraceae | ||||||||
Gymnosporia heterophylla (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Loes.
| mutungamacheche | 3 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 3 | |
Chrysobalanaceae | ||||||||
Parinari curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth.
| mbura, mushacata | 4 | 3 | Fruit, Seeds, Stems/Branches | Food, Handicraft | 2 | 3 | |
Combretaceae | ||||||||
Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC.
| mussussu | 1 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Convolvulaceae | ||||||||
Ipomoea consimilis Schulze-Menz
| murugia, sarasugi | 1 | 1 | Underground organs | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Cucurbitaceae | ||||||||
Lagenaria sphaerica (Sond.) Naudin
| burbugi | 2 | 2 | Fruit | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Momordica balsamina L.
| nkakana | 4 | 4 | Leaves | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Cyperaceae | ||||||||
Cyperus papyrus L.
| ndoque | 4 | 4 | Leaves | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Dioscoreaceae | ||||||||
Dioscorea praehensilis Benth.
| mpama | 13 | 13 | Underground organs | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Dioscorea preussii Pax.
| munhanha | 84 | 39 | Underground organs | Food | 1 | 2 | |
Dioscorea cochleariapiculata De Wild
| ndia | 20 | 20 | Underground organs | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax.
| dimhue | 18 | 18 | Underground organs | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Ebenaceae | ||||||||
Diospyros galpinii (Hiern.) De Winter
| chipongoti | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. DC
| mussuma | 6 | 5 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Euclea natalensis A.DC.
| mushangula | 1 | 1 | Underground organs | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Euphorbiaceae | ||||||||
Acalypha ornata Hochst. ex A. Rich.
| chingoja | 2 | 2 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Antidesma venosum E. Mey . ex Tul.
| mushongue | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Euphorbia tirucalli L.
| muhegi | 1 | 1 | Whole plant | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Phyllanthus sp.
| mussussoti | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia Pax.
| mussonjoa | 3 | 3 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Spirostachys africana Sond.
| mutonvoti | 2 | 1 | Leaves, Bark | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Fabaceae (Caesalpinioideae) | ||||||||
Afzelia quanzensis Welw.
| mussocossa, chanfuta | 10 | 7 | Stems/Branches, Fruit | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 6 | |
Brachystegia manga De Wild.
| mutondoji, chisambara, muzaza | 11 | 6 | Bark, Stems/Branches | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 5 | |
Brachystegia boehmii Tanb.
| futi | 15 | 11 | Bark, Stems/Branches | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 3 | |
Brachystegia spiciformis Benth.
| mutondoji, chisambara, muzaza | 7 | 4 | Bark, Stems/Branches | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 4 | |
Burkea africana Hook.
| mucarati mussimbe | 2 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 2 | |
Cassia abbreviata Oliv.
| murumanhama | 5 | 2 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 3 | |
Julbernardia globiflora (Benth.) Troupin
| mutondoji, chisambara, muzaza | 6 | 4 | Bark, Stems/Branches | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 4 | |
Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh.
| mussequessa | 11 | 8 | Fruit, Stems/Branches | Food, Handicraft, Domestic | 3 | 5 | |
Senna sp.
| mudemberembe | 2 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 2 | |
Tamarindus indica L.
| mussica | 4 | 4 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Fabaceae (Faboideae) | ||||||||
Bobgunnia madagascariensis (Desv.) J.H. Kirkbr. & Wiersama
| chinjonjonjo, chitindiribenzi, pau ferro | 3 | 3 | Bark | Fishing | 1 | 1 | |
Canavalia sp.
| bobobo | 1 | 1 | Underground organs | Fishing | 1 | 1 | |
Dalbergia melanoxylon Gill. & Perr.
| chihuiti | 5 | 3 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 4 | |
Millettia stuhlmannii Taub.
| mussara, panga panga | 12 | 10 | Stems/Branches, Underground organs, Fruit | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 6 | |
Pericopsis angolensis (Baker) Meeuwen
| chipachanguee | 1 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Pterocarpus angolensis DC.
| mbira | 4 | 3 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 3 | |
Tephrosia aequilata Baker subsp. australis Brummitt
| mutica | 2 | 2 | Leaves | Fishing | 1 | 1 | |
Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) | ||||||||
Albizia antunesiana Harms
| mucarati munhashipa | 1 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Albizia versicolor Oliv.
| mutundululu, mutundururu, mugomati | 3 | 2 | Stems/Branches, Underground organs | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 2 | |
Amblygonocarpus andongensis (Welw. ex Oliv.) Exell & Torre
| mutindiri | 4 | 3 | Seeds, Fruit | Food, Fishing | 2 | 2 | |
Entada rheedii Spreng.
| zangusi | 7 | 5 | Seeds, Underground organs, Bark | Food, Domestic | 2 | 2 | |
Faidherbia albida (Delile) A.Chev.
| gohua | 1 | 1 | Bark | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Flacourtiaceae | ||||||||
Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr.
| mutundumbira | 14 | 13 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Lamiaceae | ||||||||
Rotheca myricoides (Hochst.) Steane & Mabberley
| buputi | 1 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Vitex doniana (Lour.) Merr.
| mucuvu | 4 | 4 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Vitex payos Sweet
| huvu | 2 | 2 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Loganiaceae | ||||||||
Strychnos innocua Delile
| mucuacua | 29 | 29 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 2 | |
Strychnos spinosa Lam.
| mutamba, ntupa | 6 | 5 | Fruit, Stems/Branches | Food, Handicraft, Fishing | 3 | 4 | |
Meliaceae | ||||||||
Khaya anthotheca (Welw.) C.DC.
| mubava | 1 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Trichilia dregeana Sond.
| mushikiri | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Turraea nilotica Kotschys & Peyr.
| mutangasua | 3 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 3 | |
Moraceae | ||||||||
Morus alba L.
| mushongo, amore | 7 | 3 | Fruit, Stems/Branches | Food, Handicraft, Domestic | 3 | 5 | |
Olacaceae | ||||||||
Ximenia caffra Sond.
| mutengueni | 21 | 20 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 2 | |
Oleaceae | ||||||||
Schrebera trichoclada Welw.
| mucacata | 1 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Pedaliaceae | ||||||||
Sesamum angolense Welw.
| utwiro, gergelim | 1 | 1 | Leaves | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Poaceae | ||||||||
Heteropogon contortus (L.) Roem. & Schult.
| sine | 1 | 1 | Epigeal part | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Hyperthelia dissoluta (Nees ex Steud.) Clayton
| mbuvi | 1 | 1 | Epigeal part | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Urochloa mossambicensis (Hack.) Dandy
| chivavane | 1 | 1 | Epigeal part | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
Zea mays L.
| milho | 2 | 2 | Fruit | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Polygalaceae | ||||||||
Securidaca longipedunculata Fresen.
| mupupu, muvaravara | 2 | 2 | Underground organs | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Rhamnaceae | ||||||||
Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.
| mussao | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Rubiaceae | ||||||||
Catunaregam obovata (Hochst.) Gonçalves
| chihambuembe | 2 | 2 | Stems/Branches, Fruit | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 2 | |
Coddia rudis (E. Mey. ex Harv.) Verdc.
| mupupu | 2 | 2 | Underground organs | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Crossopteryx febrifuga (Afzel. ex G. Don) Benth.
| chicobengua, mucobengua | 3 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft, Domestic | 2 | 3 | |
Tricalysia delagoensis Schinz
| mutendera | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Tricalysia sp.
| mussambanhara | 3 | 3 | Underground organs, Epigeal part | Domestic | 1 | 2 | |
Vangueria infausta Burch. subsp. infausta
| mumzwiro | 17 | 17 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Sapindaceae | ||||||||
Zanha golungensis Hiern
| magogomere, muzarazara, chicumbiti, muharahaso | 2 | 2 | Underground organs | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Solanaceae | ||||||||
Capsicum frutescens L.
| mussambara, piri piri | 1 | 1 | Leaves | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Solanum panduriforme E. Mey.
| mutendeho | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
Taccaceae | ||||||||
Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze
| ranga | 1 | 1 | Underground organs | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Tiliaceae | ||||||||
Grewia micrantha Boj.
| mutaja | 3 | 2 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 2 | |
Grewia pachycalyx K. Schum.
| muntotorito | 2 | 2 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
Vitaceae | ||||||||
Cissus integrifolia (Baker) Planch.
| renja | 3 | 2 | Latex/Sap, Underground organs | Food, Domestic | 2 | 2 | |
Rhoicissus tomentosa (Lam.) Willd. & Drummond
| govuva | 1 | 1 | Leaves | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | chimbambara | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | gonde | 1 | 1 | Leaves | Veterinary | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | macuima | 8 | 8 | Underground organs | Food | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | merere | 1 | 1 | Leaves | Food | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | mpamunhu | 2 | 2 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | muchangoma | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Food | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | muchiti | 1 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | murere | 1 | 1 | Fruit | Domestic | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | mutanda | 1 | 1 | Stems/Branches | Handicraft | 1 | 1 | |
not identified | mutzairambua | 1 | 1 | Leaves | Domestic | 1 | 1 |
General category | Secondary category | Number of species | Number of informants | Number of citations | Used plant parts |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food
|
45
|
51
|
319
| ||
Fresh fruit | 29 | 35 | 123 | F | |
Alcoholic beverage | 8 | 2 | 9 | F, Sa, UO | |
Non-alcoholic beverage | 5 | 5 | 7 | F, Sa | |
Xima
| 4 | 41 | 50 | F, S, UO | |
Boiled tuber | 4 | 42 | 93 | UO | |
Dry fruit | 3 | 2 | 3 | F, S | |
Flour | 2 | 28 | 28 | F, UO | |
Salt | 1 | 1 | 1 | Ep | |
Sweetener | 1 | 1 | 1 | UO | |
Carril
| 1 | 4 | 4 | L | |
Handicraft
|
38
|
19
|
94
| ||
Poles | 23 | 9 | 31 | St | |
Ties and ropes | 13 | 9 | 28 | Br, L | |
Household objects | 7 | 4 | 9 | St | |
Carpentry | 5 | 2 | 5 | St | |
Beehives | 4 | 5 | 12 | B | |
Thatching | 3 | 1 | 3 | Ep | |
Canoes | 1 | 1 | 1 | St | |
Stuffing | 1 | 4 | 4 | L | |
Brooms | 1 | 1 | 1 | Ep | |
Domestic
|
37
|
17
|
74
| ||
Charcoal | 11 | 4 | 13 | St, Br | |
Firewood | 10 | 5 | 13 | St, Br | |
Repellent | 4 | 1 | 5 | L | |
Soda ash | 4 | 7 | 13 | F | |
Laundry detergent | 3 | 9 | 24 | B, Br, F, L, UO | |
Glue | 2 | 1 | 2 | Lt, UO | |
Hair smoother | 1 | 1 | 1 | B | |
Tattoo | 1 | 1 | 1 | F | |
Fences | 1 | 1 | 1 | WP | |
Toothbrushes | 1 | 1 | 1 | UO | |
Veterinary
| (unknown) |
5
|
6
|
3
| Ep, F, WP |
Fishing
| Ichthyotoxic |
4
|
6
|
8
| B, F, S, L |
Species | No. of informants | No. of citations | Quantitative indices | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UV | RFC | RI | CI | |||
Dioscorea preussii Pax | 39 | 84 | 1.615 | 0.750 | 0.667 | 0.750 |
Strychnos innocua Delile | 29 | 29 | 0.558 | 0.558 | 0.538 | 0.558 |
Ximenia caffra Sond. | 20 | 21 | 0.404 | 0.385 | 0.423 | 0.385 |
Dioscorea cochleariapiculata De Willd. | 20 | 20 | 0.385 | 0.385 | 0.423 | 0.385 |
Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax | 18 | 18 | 0.346 | 0.346 | 0.397 | 0.346 |
Annona senegalensis Pers. | 17 | 17 | 0.327 | 0.327 | 0.385 | 0.327 |
Vangueria infausta Burch. subsp. infausta | 17 | 17 | 0.327 | 0.327 | 0.385 | 0.327 |
Brachystegia boehmii Taub. | 11 | 15 | 0.288 | 0.212 | 0.474 | 0.250 |
Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr. | 13 | 14 | 0.269 | 0.250 | 0.333 | 0.250 |
Dioscorea praehensilis Benth. | 13 | 13 | 0.250 | 0.250 | 0.333 | 0.250 |
Millettia stuhlmannii Taub. | 10 | 12 | 0.231 | 0.192 | 0.462 | 0.212 |
Brachystegia manga De Willd. | 6 | 11 | 0.212 | 0.115 | 0.410 | 0.135 |
Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. | 8 | 11 | 0.212 | 0.154 | 0.603 | 0.173 |
Afzelia quanzensis Welw. | 7 | 10 | 0.192 | 0.135 | 0.423 | 0.154 |
Use practices and harvesting procedures
Food plants
Handicraft plants
Domestic uses
Other uses
Local abundance and availability of useful species in the local Miomboarea
Species | N/D | D | BA | IVI | M | No. of citations | No. of informants | Used part | General category of use | No. of secondary categories of use |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albizia antunesiana Harms | N | 0.442 | 0.066 | 0.508 | * | 1 | 1 | ST/BR | handicraft | 1 |
D | 0.631 | 0.035 | 5.279 | |||||||
Amblygonocarpus andongensis (Welw. ex Oliv.) Exell & Torre | N | 0.442 | 0.097 | 0.539 | * | 4 | 3 | F, S | food, fishing | 2 |
Annona senegalensis Pers. | N | 0.221 | 0.002 | 0.223 | * | 17 | 17 | F | food | 1 |
Bobgunnia madagascariensis (Desv.) J.H. Kirkbr. & Wiersama | N | 0.221 | 0.019 | 0.240 | 3 | 3 | B | fishing | 1 | |
D | 0.311 | 0.047 | 4.551 | |||||||
Brachystegia bohemi Taub. | N | 3.157 | 1.079 | 4.236 | 15 | 11 | B, ST/BR | handicraft, domestic | 3 | |
D | 7.957 | 0.745 | 37.763 | |||||||
Brachystegia manga De Willd. | N | 3.200 | 0.292 | 3.492 | 11 | 6 | B, ST/BR | handicraft, domestic | 5 | |
Brahystegia spiciformis Benth. | N | 3.757 | 0.714 | 4.471 | 7 | 4 | B, ST/BR | handicraft, domestic | 4 | |
D | 1.263 | 0.373 | 18.893 | |||||||
Burkea africana Hook. | N | 0.663 | 0.051 | 0.714 | * | 2 | 1 | ST/BR | handicraft | 2 |
D | 1.263 | 0.433 | 22.716 | |||||||
Catunaregam obovata (Hochst.) A.E.Gonç. | N | 0.442 | 0.009 | 0.451 | * | 2 | 2 | F, ST/BR | handicraft, domestic | 2 |
Cleistoclamys kirkii (Bent.) Oliv. | N | 1.105 | 0.053 | 1.158 | * | 4 | 4 | F, ST/BR | food, handicraft | 2 |
Crossopterix febrifuga (Afzel. ex G. Don) Benth. | N | 1.547 | 0.115 | 1.662 | * | 3 | 1 | ST/BR | handicraft, domestic | 3 |
D | 0.631 | 0.060 | 5.974 | |||||||
Dalbergia melamoxylon Guill. & Perr. | N | 0.221 | 0.006 | 1.461 | * | 5 | 3 | ST/BR | handicraft, domestic | 4 |
D | 0.316 | 0.003 | 3.336 | |||||||
Diplorhynchus condylocarpon (Müll. Arg.) Pichon | N | 7.294 | 0.404 | 7.698 | * | 2 | 2 | ST/BR | handicraft | 1 |
D | 5.368 | 0.306 | 41.918 | |||||||
Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr. | D | 0.316 | 0.006 | 3.423 | * | 14 | 13 | F | food | 1 |
Julbernardia globiflora (Benth.) Troupin | N | 3.978 | 0.088 | 4.067 | 6 | 4 | B, ST/BR | handicraft, domestic | 4 | |
Millettia stuhlmanii Taub. | N | 0.663 | 0.057 | 0.721 | * | 12 | 10 | F, ST/BR, UO | handicraft, domestic | 6 |
D | 1.579 | 0.060 | 9.200 | |||||||
Parinari curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth. | N | 1.105 | 0.099 | 1.205 | * | 4 | 3 | F,S, ST/BR | food, handicraft | 3 |
Pericopsis angolensis (Baker) Meeuwen | N | 0.221 | 0.023 | 0.244 | 1 | 1 | ST/BR | handicraft | 1 | |
D | 0.316 | 0.038 | 4.291 | |||||||
Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. | N | 1.768 | 0.071 | 1.839 | * | 11 | 8 | F, ST/BR | food, handicraft, domestic | 5 |
D | 0.316 | 0.057 | 4.812 | |||||||
Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia Pax | N | 4.641 | 0.245 | 4.887 | * | 3 | 3 | ST/BR | handicraft | 1 |
D | 4.105 | 0.603 | 43.603 | |||||||
Pterocarpus angolensis DC. | N | 4.420 | 0.066 | 4.487 | 4 | 3 | ST/BR | handicraft | 3 | |
D | 2.842 | 8.768 | 24.967 | |||||||
Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. | N | 0.663 | 0.014 | 0.677 | * | 7 | 4 | F | food | 3 |
D | 0.316 | 0.290 | 11.236 | |||||||
Strychnos innocua Delile | N | 0.221 | 0.023 | 1.741 | * | 29 | 29 | F | food | 2 |
Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. | N | 0.442 | 0.088 | 0.530 | * | 1 | 1 | ST/BR | handicraft | 1 |
Vangueria infausta Burch. subsp. infausta | N | 0.442 | 0.004 | 0.446 | * | 17 | 17 | F | food | 1 |
D | 0.316 | 0.047 | 4.551 | |||||||
Vitex doniana Sweet | N | 0.221 | 0.075 | 0.296 | 4 | 4 | F | food | 1 | |
Vitex payos (Lour.) Merr. | N | 0.221 | 0.011 | 0.232 | * | 2 | 2 | F | food | 1 |
Ximenia caffra Sond. | D | 1.263 | 0.016 | 6.909 | * | 21 | 20 | F | food | 2 |
Integration of ethnobotanical and vegetational data in order to set up possible plant collection regulations and conservation strategies
Species | HI | RD | RF | Rdo | RSD | CP |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cassia abbreviata Oliv. | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 80 |
Gymnosporia heterophylla (Eckl e Zeyh) Loes. | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 80 |
Khaya anthotheca (Welw) C.DC. | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 80 |
Rotheca myricoides (Hochst.) Steane e Mabberley | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 80 |
Schrebera trichoclada Welw. | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 80 |
Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 80 |
Turraea nilotica Kotschys & Peyr. | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 80 |
Albizia versicolor Welwe e Oliv. | 34 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 74 |
Grewia micrantha Boj. | 34 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 74 |
Markhamia zanzibarica (Bojer. ex. DC.) K. Shum. | 34 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 74 |
Afzelia quanzensis Welw. | 32 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 72 |
Acalypha ornata Hochst ex A. Rich. | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Boscia albitrunca (Burcf.) Gilg e Bened. | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Boscia filipes Gild. | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Cleistochlamys kirkii (Benth.) Oliv. | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Coddia rudis (E. Mey ex Harv.) Verdc. | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Euclea natalensis A.DC. | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Faidherbia albida (Delile) A.Chev. | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Securidaca longipendiculata Fresen. | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Spirostachys africana Sond. | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Strychnos innocua Delile | 28 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 68 |
Cissus integrifolia (Baker ) Planch | 22 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 62 |
Entada rheedii Spreng. | 22 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 62 |
Strychnos spinosa Lam. | 20 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 60 |
Amblygonocarpus andongensis (Welw. ex Oliv.) Exell and Torre | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Ancylobotrys petersiana (Klotzsch) Pierre | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Annona senegalensis Pers. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Antidesma venosum E. Mey . ex Tul. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Artabotrys brachypetalus Benth. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Bobgunnia madagascariensis (Desv.) J.H.Kirkbr. & Wiersema | 28 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 65 |
Crossopteryx febrifuga (Afzel. ex G. Don.) Benth | 40 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 74 |
Dalbergia melanoxylon Gill. e Perr. | 40 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 7 | 74 |
Diospyros galpinii (Hiern.) De Winter | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. DC | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Grewia pachycalyx K. Schum. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Landolphia kirkii Dyer ex J.D. Hook | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Pericopsis angolensis (Baker) Meeuwen | 28 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 65 |
Rhoicissus tomentosa (Lam.) Willd. & Drummond | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Saba comorensis (Bojer) Pichon var. florida (Benth) Pinchon | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Tabernaemontana ventricosa Hochst. ex A. DC. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Tamarindus indica L. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Tephrosia aequilata Baker subsp. australis Brummitt | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Tricalysia delagoensis Schinz. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Trichilia dregeana Sond. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Zanha golungensis Hiern | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 56 |
Catunaregam obovata (Hochst.) Gonçalves | 22 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 59 |
Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth | 16 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 53 |
Vitex doniana (Lour.) Merr. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 53 |
Vitex payos Sweet | 16 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 53 |
Brachystegia manga De Wild. | 36 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 67 |
Millettia stuhlmannii Taub. | 28 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 59 |
Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. | 28 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 59 |
Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. subsp. caffra | 16 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 50 |
Vangueria infausta Burch. subsp. infausta | 16 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 7 | 50 |
Ximenia caffra Sond. | 16 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 47 |
Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. | 16 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 53 |
Albizia antunesiana Harms
| 40 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 62 |
Burkea africana Hook | 40 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 62 |
Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. | 16 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 10 | 44 |
Parinari curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth. | 28 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 50 |
Pterocarpus angolensis D.C | 40 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 59 |
Julbernardia globiflora (Benth.) Troupin | 36 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 52 |
Brachystegia spiciformis Benth. | 36 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 46 |
Brachystegia boehmii Tanb. | 36 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 43 |
Diplorhychus condylocarpon (Müll. Arg.) Pichon | 40 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 44 |
Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia Pax. | 40 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 44 |