Background
Overall information on the 22 genes related to PTX resistance in cancer
TSG abbreviation | Full name of the TSGs | Status | Regulation manner | Pathway associated with resistance | Type of cancer |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BRCA1
| Breast cancer 1 | Spindle-assembly checkpoint [15] Microtubule dynamic [16] MEKK3 activity [17] | JNK/SAPK and p38/MAPK pathway [17] | Ovarian cancer [13] HNSCC [14] NSCLC [16] | |
TP53
| Tumor protein p53 | Mutation [26] | G1 phase arrest [22] Apoptosis [24] | Apoptosis [24] | NSCLC [22] |
PTEN
| Phosphatase and tension homolog | Cyclin B1 activity [34] MiR-22 [35] | ESCC [34] Colon cancer [35] | ||
APC
| Adenomatous polyposis coli | Mutation [38] | MDR1 [38] miR-135a [40] | Breast cancer [38] NSCLC [40] | |
p21/CDKN1A
| Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A | Protein level [48] | Cell cycle [48] | Cell cycle, Apoptosis [48] | Melanoma [48] |
p16/CDKN2A
| Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A | Protein level [49] | Cell cycle [49] | Cell cycle [49] | Triple-negative breast cancer [49] |
FRMD6/hEx
| FERM domain-containing protein 6 | Protein level [8] | Cell cycle [8] | Cell cycle [8] | Breast cancer [8] |
RASSF1
| Ras association domain-containing protein 1 | Methylation [54] | Cell growth [53] | Cell cycle [53] | Ovarian cancer [53] |
YAP
| Yes-associated protein 1 | deletion [55] | Cell cycle [55] | Cell cycle [55] | Breast cancer [55] |
ING4
| Inhibitor of growth 4 | Protein level [56] | Bcl-2/Bax ratio [56] | Apoptosis, Cell cycle [56] | Lung cancer [51] |
BAX
| BCL2-associated X protein | mRNA level [57] | Bcl-2/Bax ratio [57] | Apoptosis [57] | Breast cancer [57] |
HIN-1/SCGB3A1
| High in normal-1 | Methylation [9] | Apoptosis [9] | PI3K/AKT pathway [9] | Ovarian cancer [9] |
PLK2
| Polo-like kinase 2 | Methylation [58] | G2/M phase checkpoint [58] | Cell cycle, apoptosis [58] | Ovarian cancer [58] |
LZTS1/FEZ1
| Leucine zipper tumor suppressor 1 | Ovarian cancer [59] Breast cancer [60] | |||
FBXW7/FBW7
| F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 | Mutation [62] | Ubiquitination [62] | Ubiquitination [62] | Ovarian cancer [62] |
ZMYND10/BLU
| zinc finger MYND type containing 10 | Methylation [63] | |||
TGFBI
| Transforming growth factor-β-induced | NSCLC [66] Ovarian cancer [67] | |||
REST
| RE-1 silencing transcription factor | Protein level [70] | TUBB3[70] | PI3K/AKT pathway [70] | Ovarian cancer [70] |
FADD
| Fas-associated death domain protein | Apoptosis [71] Cell cycle [72] | JNK/SAPK pathway [72] | Prostate cancer [72] | |
PDCD4
| Programmed cell death 4 | Mir-182 [74] | Cell growth [74] Cell cycle [75] | Ovarian cancer [74] Cervical carcinoma [75] | |
ING1
| Inhibitor of growth 1 | Protein level [76] | Apoptosis [76] | p53-dependent pathway [76] | Osteosarcoma [76] |
PinX1
| PIN2/TRF1 interacting telomerase inhibitor 1 | Protein level [77] | Spindle-assembly checkpoint [77] | Cell cycle [77] | Cervical carcinoma [77] |
BRCA1
TP53
PTEN
APC
CKIs
Hippo signaling pathway
Other TSGs
The interaction network of the 22 TSGs
Annotated molecular functions of the 22 TSGs according to the protein interaction network
Related function | False discovery rate | Number of the 22 TSGs | Other genes |
---|---|---|---|
Cell cycle | 7.14e−12 ~ 4.48e−2
|
PLK2, FBW7, TP53, PTEN, APC, BRCA1, CDKN1A, CDKN2A, ING4, RASSF1, PDCD4, FADD
|
CUL1, CDK2, CDK4, CDKN1C, CDKN1B, GTPBP4, TP63, PHF17, BRMS1, STK4
|
Apoptosis | 1.17e−9 ~ 1.16e−2
|
APC, REST, CDKN2A, FADD, ING4, TP53, Bax, BRCA1
|
BRMS1, TP63, FAS, STK4, CDKN1B, BCL2, CUL1
|
Protein ubiquitination | 4.97e−9 ~ 4.39e−2
|
BRCA1, FBW7, TP53, CDKN2A, RASSF1, PTEN
|
BTRC, CUL1, DAXX, GTPBP4, CDK2
|
Cell growth | 1.29e−8 ~ 4.25e−5
|
PTEN, ING4, TP53, CDKN1A, CDKN2A, ING1, HIN-1
|
CDKN1B, PHF17, BCL-2, BRMS1
|