Background
Methods
Search strategy
Study selection and inclusion criteria
Outcome categories | Outcomes of interest measured |
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Food production | Year round of food production, production of vitamin A- rich fruits and vegetables, poultry stock and egg production, fish production, access to goat milk and other home grown foods |
Food consumption | Household food security level/score, Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), consumption of food/food groups per day |
Nutrient intake | Micro- and macro-nutrient intake levels |
Anthropometry | Prevalence of Stunting [Weight for age Z-score (WAZ)], Wasting [height for age Z-score (HAZ)], underweight, child growth, height and weight gain |
Nutrient deficiencies | Vitamin A deficiency level, Incidence/prevalence of anaemia, serum retinol concentration, serum ferritin level, haemoglobin, night blindness |
Air quality | Kitchen/household/personal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and/or concentration of fine particulate matter of diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5), kitchen smoke, suspended particulate matter (PM) concentration, nitrogen dioxide concentration, ratio of food to fuel |
Health | Incidence and/or prevalence of: Diarrhoeal disease; morbidity; respiratory disease symptoms (cough, runny nose, breathlessness, incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), pneumonia); eye irritation/infection, headache. Changes in: lung function performance; cognitive performance and attention levels; quality of life |
Microbial Contamination | Thermo tolerant coliforms (TCC) count, level of E.coli contamination |
Hygiene and sanitation | Kitchen and hand hygiene, behaviour and knowledge of water storage, self-reported compliance |
Education | Perception and knowledge of health and nutrition |
Data extraction and management
Data analysis
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Agricultural interventions: Interventions such as home gardening and animal husbandry that have the explicit goal of improving food productivity, nutritional status, health, dietary diversity and/or food security.
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Air quality interventions: Interventions such as improved cook stove and biogas that have the clear aim of improving household air quality and occupant’s health.
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Water quality interventions: Interventions such as water filters (sand and bio sand), solar disinfection technique, water treatment using chlorine tablets alone and/or combination with sanitation health and hygiene education that have the clear aim of improving drinking water quality and health.
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Nutritional interventions: Interventions such as nutrition education, complementary food and nutritional supplements that have the clear aim of improving participants’ nutritional status, dietary diversity, and health and food security.
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country where the study was conducted
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sample size
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setting
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study designs followed
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types of interventions provided
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intervention duration
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outcomes of interest measured
Assessment of methodological quality
Results
Identified studies
Study characteristics
Characteristics of agricultural interventions (n = 27)
Study (Author and publication year) | Country | Participants (sample size, age, setting) | Study design | Intervention details (I = Intervention and C = Control) | Duration of intervention (months) | Outcome measured |
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Ayele Z and Peacock C; 2003 | Ethiopia | 210 households | CSS (Pre and post) | I: Animal husbandry: goat farming | NR | Food consumption, nutrient deficiencies |
Belachew T et al. 2013 | Ethiopia | 2100 adolescents, 13–17 years, household | 5 year Longitudinal study | I: Food production | NR | Food consumption |
Bezner KR, et al. 2010 | Malawi | 3838 children <3 years, household | Prospective quasi- experimental study | I: Intercropping legumes and nutrition education C: Usual practice | 72 | Anthropometry |
Bloem MW et al. 1996 | Bangladesh | 7341 participants, all aged, household | Intervention study | I: Home gardening | NR | Food production |
Bushamuka VN, et al. 2005 | Bangladesh | 2,160 households | Intervention study | I: Home gardening C: Usual practice | NR | Food production, food consumption |
Cabalda AB, et al. 2011 | Philippines | 200 households, participants aged 2–5 years | CSS (2 group comparison) | I: Home gardening (n = 105) C: Without home garden (n = 95) | NR | Food consumption |
Faber M, et al. 2002, | South Africa | 208 participants, aged 2–5 years, community | CSS (Pre and post) | I: Home gardening and nutrition education (n = 108) C: Usual practice (n = 100) | 20 | Food consumption, nutrient intake, nutrient deficiencies |
Gibson RS et al. 2003 | Malawi | 281 households, aged 30–90 months | Intervention study | I: Multiple: Animal husbandry and home gardening (n = 200) C: Usual practice (n = 81) | 12 | Food consumption, anthropometry, education, nutrient deficiencies, health |
Haseen F, 2007 | Bangladesh | 370 households, all age participants | CSS (Pre and post) | I: Home based food production, increased purchasing capacity to improve food intake and nutritional status (n = 180) C: Usual practice (n = 193) | 24 | Food consumption, nutrient intake |
Hoorweg J, et al. 2000 | Kenya | 144 households, participants aged between 6–59 months | Intervention study | I: Dairy farming (n = 30) and dairy customers (n = 24) C: Usual practice (n = 90) | NR | Food consumption, anthropometry, income |
Hop LT; 2003 | Vietnam | NR | Longitudinal survey (LS) (pre and post) | I: Programs to improve pig and poultry breeding | NR | Food consumption, nutrient deficiencies |
Hotz C, et al. 2012 | Uganda | >10,000 households, community | Randomised control trial (RCT) | I1: B-carotene–rich orange sweet potato (OSP) vines with training (n = 293 children, 212 women) I2: Education on female and child health and promotion of OSP (n = 179 children, 130 women) C: Usual practice (n = 280 children, 213 women) | 12 and 24 | Nutrient intake, nutrient deficiencies |
Jones KM, et al. 2005 | Nepal | 819 households, community | Intervention study | I: Home gardening and nutrition education (n = 430) C: Usual practice (n = 389) | 36 | Food consumption, education |
Kalavathi S, et al. 2010 | India | 150 household | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Package intervention of nutrition gardening, livestock rearing and nutrition education | 36 | Food production, food consumption and nutrient intake |
Kerr RB, et al. 2010 | Malawi | 3838 participants, aged < 3 years, households | Intervention study | I: Home gardening and nutrition education (n = 1724) C: Usual practice | 72 | Anthropometry |
Kidala D, et al. 2000 | Tanzania | 2250 household | Quasi-experimental (2 groups comparison) | I: Horticultural and nutrition education (n = 125 households) C: Usual practice (n = 125 households) | 60 | Nutritional knowledge, nutrient intake, nutrient deficiencies |
Low JW, et al. 2007 | Mozambiqu | 741 children aged 13 months, household | Quasi-experimental (2 groups comparison) | I: Production of Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) and nutritional knowledge (n = 498) C: Usual practice (n = 243) | 24 | Nutrient intake, nutrient deficiencies |
Miura S, et al. 2003 | Philippines | 152 women, household | CSS (pre and post) | I: Home gardening | NR | Food consumption |
Murshed-e-Jahan K, et al. 2010 | Bangladesh | NR | Intervention study | I: Training support to farmers on aquaculture C: Usual practice | NR | Food production, food consumption |
Nielsen H, et al. 2003 | Bangladesh | 70 households, women of reproductive age and 5–12 years old girls | Intervention study | I: Poultry production (n = 35) C: Usual practice (n = 35) | 12 | Food production, food consumption |
Olney DK, et al. 2009 | Cambodia | 500 households | CSS (Pre and post) | I: Home gardening (n = 300) C: Usual practice (n = 200) | NR | Food consumption, anthropometry, health |
Schipani S, et al. 2002 | Thailand | 60 children, household | Intervention study | I: Mixed home gardening (n = 30) C: Non gardening (n = 30) | NR | Food consumption, anthropometry |
Schmid M et al. 2007 | India | 220 participants, Child:6 to 39 months and mother > 15 years, community | CSS (pre and post) | I: Home gardening (n = 124) C: Without home garden (96) | 96 | Nutrient intake |
Sha KK et al. 200, | Bangladesh | 1343 participants aged <24 months, households | Longitudinal study | I: Household production and availability of rice and other fresh foods e.g. Vegetables, fish, meat | NR | Food consumption, anthropometry |
Smitasiri et al. 1999 | Thailand | 15 communities, all age | CSS (pre and post) | I: Home gardening (seed grant) and nutrition and health messages (271) C: without home gardening (247) | Food consumption, nutrient intake | |
Wyatt AJ, et al. 2013 | Kenya | 92 households | CSS (3 group comparison) | Dairy intensification I1: Milk production >6 l per day (n = 31) I2: Milk production <6 l per day (n = 31) C: No milk production (n = 30) | 2 | Food consumption |
Yakubu A, et al. 2014 | Nigeria | 58 households, community | CSS (pre and post) | I: Cockerel exchange programme | NR | Food production |
Characteristics of air quality interventions (n = 34)
Study (Author and publication year) | Country | Participants (sample size, age, setting) | Study design | Intervention details (I = Intervention and C = Control) | Duration of intervention (months) | Outcome measured |
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Alexander D, et al. 2013 | Bolivia | 31 household | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Improved cook stoves with chimney (Yanalo Cookstoves) | 12 | Air quality, health |
Burwen J and Levine DI; 2012 | Ghana | 768 household | RCT | I: Improved cook stoves with chimney (n = 402) C: Traditional biomass stoves (usual practice) (n = 366) | 2 | Air quality, health, stove usages |
Chengappa C, et al. 2007 | India | 60, household | Paired, before and after study | I: improved cook stoves (Sukhad) | 12 | Air quality |
Clark LM, et al. 2009 | Honduras | 79 participants, mean age 43.2 years, household, | CSS (pre and post) | I: Improved cook stoves with chimney (n = 38) C: Traditional cook stoves (n = 41) | 3 | Air quality, health |
Chowdhury Z et al. 2012 | China | 30 household | CSS (pre and post) | I: Improved stoves along with biogas burners and solar heaters | 2 | Air quality |
Commodore AA, et al. 2013 | Peru | 84 participants household | Community-RCT (C-RCT) | I: Improved cook stoves (OPTIMA) (n = 39) C: Traditional biomass stove, NGO Stoves, self-improved stove (n = 45) | 3 | Air quality, health |
Cynthia AA, et al. 2008 | Mexico | 34 households, | Randomised trial | I: Improved cook stoves (n = 60) | 1 | Air quality |
Diaz E, et al. 2008 | Guatemala | 180 women, mean age 27.8 years, household | RCT | I: Improved cook stoves with chimney (Plancha) (n = 89) C: Traditional biomass stove (usual practice) (n = 91) | 26 | Air quality, health |
Diaz E, et al. 2007 | Guatemala | 504 women, 27.7 years, household | RCT | I: Improved cook stoves with chimney (Plancha) (n = 259) C: Traditional biomass stove (usual practice) (n = 245) | 18 | Air quality, health |
Dohoo C, et al. 2012 | Kenya | 62 women, household | CSS (comparison between 2 groups) | I: Biogas (n = 31) C: Traditional biomass stove (n = 31 | 2 | Health |
Ezzati M, et al. 2000 | Kenya | 38 households | Intervention study | I: Improved cook stoves | 1 | Air quality |
Fitzgerald C, et al. 2012 | Peru | 57 participants, mean age 33 years, household | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Improved cook stoves (n = 26 for PM2.5 and 25 for CO) | 5 | Air quality |
Garfi M, et al. 2012 | Peru | 12 households | Intervention study | I: Low-cost tabular biogas digester | NR | Food production, air quality |
Harris SA, et al. 2010 | Guatemala | 4000, household | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Improved cook stoves C: Traditional biomass stove (usual practice) | 48 | Health |
Hartinger SM, et al. 2012 | Peru | 115 households, household, | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Multiple intervention; improved cook stoves, solar water disinfection and hand hygiene | 5 | Air quality, hygiene and sanitation, health |
Jary HR, et al. 2014 | Malawi | 51 Women, mean age 38.1 years, households | RCT | I: Improved cook stoves (n = 25) C: Traditional biomass stove (usual practice) (n = 26) | 2 | Air quality, health |
Katwal H, Bohara AK; 2009 | Nepal | 461 households | Intervention study | I: Biogas digester | NR | Air quality, health, Food production |
Khushk WA, et al. 2005 | Pakistan | 159 women, mean age 43.27 (I) and 36.18 (C) years, household | CSS (comparison between 2 groups) | I: Improved cook stoves (n = 45) C: Traditional biomass stove (usual practice) (n = 114) | 2 | Air quality, health |
Li Z, et al. 2011 | Peru | 57 households, participants aged 18–45 years, household | Intervention study (pre and post) | I : Improved cooking stove with chimney | 3 weeks | Air quality |
McCracken JP, et al. 1998 | Guatemala | 11, household | CSS (comparison between 2 groups) | I: Improved cook stoves (n = 6) C: Traditional biomass stove (usual practice) (n = 5) | NR | Air quality |
McCracken JP, et al. 2011 | Guatemala | 534 Households | RCT | I: Improved stove with Chimney (n = 49) C: Traditional open fire stoves (n = 70) | 16 | Air quality, health |
Mukhopadhyay R, et al. 2012 | India | 32 women, mean age 32 years, household | CSS (pre and post) | I: Improved cook stoves C: Traditional open fire biomass stove (usual practice) | 3 | Air quality, acceptability and usage |
Ochieng CA, et al. 2012 | Kenya | 104 Women, household | CSS (comparison between 2 groups) | I: Improved stoves without chimney (n = 49) C: Traditional stoves (n = 45) | 6 | Air quality |
Oluwole O, et al. 2013 | Nigeria | 59 participants, mothers 43 years and children 13 years, household | CSS (pre and post) | I: Improved stoves | 12 | Air quality, health |
Pandey MR, et al. 1990 | Nepal | 20 households | Intervention study | I: Improved cook stoves (n = 20) | 5 | Air quality |
Riojas-Rodriguez, et al. 2011 | Mexico | 47 women, mean age 28 years, household | RCT | I: Improved cook stoves fitted with chimney (Patsari stoves) (n = 30) C: Traditional stoves (n = 17) | 12 | Air quality |
Romieu I, et al. 2009 | Mexico | 528 women, mean age 26.3 (I) and 25.5 (C) years, household | RCT | I: Improved cook stoves fitted with chimney (Patsari stoves) (n = 273) C: Traditional stoves (n = 255) | 10 | Health |
Schilmann A, et al. 2014 | Mexico | 559 children <4 years, household | RCT | I: Improved cook stoves fitted with chimney (Patsari stoves) (n = 287) C: Traditional stoves (n = 272) | 10 | Health |
Singh A, et al. 2012 | Nepal | 47 households, all aged participants | CSS (pre and post) | I: Improved mud stoves | 12 | Air quality, health |
Singh S, et al. 2014 | India | 75 household | CSS (comparison between 2 groups) | I: Improved stoves C: Traditional stoves | 2 | Air quality |
Smith KR, et al. 2011 | Guatemala | 534 households, participants aged <4 months at baseline | RCT | I: Improved wood stove with chimney (n = 265) C: Open wood fires (n = 253) | 14 | Health |
Wafula EM, et al. 2000 | Kenya | 400 households, women aged 15–60 years and children <5 years | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Improved cook stoves (n = 200) C: Traditional three-stone stoves (n = 200) | 120 | Health |
Zhou Y, et al. 2014 | China | 996 participants, aged > 40 years, household | CSS (comparison between 2 groups) | I: Biogas digester and improved kitchen ventilation (n = 740) C: Traditional biomass stove (usual practice) (n = NR) | 108 | Air quality, health |
Zuk M, et al. 2007 | Mexico | 53 household | CSS (pre and post) | I: Improved cook stoves (Patsari stoves) | 5 | Air quality |
Characteristics of water quality interventions (n = 32)
Study (Author and publication year) | Country | Participants (sample size, age, setting) | Study design | Intervention details (I = Intervention and C = Control) | Duration of intervention (months) | Outcome measured |
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Boisson S, et al. 2010 | Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) | 240 household (1,144 participants mean age 39.1 years) | RCT | I: Lifestraw family filter (n = 120 households, 546 participants) C: Placebo filter (n = 120 households, 598participants) | 15 | Microbial contamination, health |
Boisson S, et al. 2009 | Ethiopia | 313 households, 6 months and over, household | RCT | I: Life straw personal filter to be used for ingesting of untreated water both at home and away from home (n = 155) C: Usual practice (n = 158) | 5 | Microbial contamination, health |
Boisson S, et al. 2013 | India | 2,163 household (2,986 children <5 years) | RCT | I: NaDC tabletsb (n = 1080) C: Placebo (n = 1083) | 12 | Microbial contamination, health |
Brown J et al. 2008 | Cambodia | 180 households, all age participants | RCT | I: One of following: Ceramic water purifier (CWP) (n = 60) and Iron-rich ceramic water purifier (CWP-fe) (n = 60) C: Usual practice (n = 60) | 5.5 | Microbial contamination, health |
Clasen T.F et al. 2006 | Bolivia | 60 households (317 individuals), all age, household | RCT | I: Water purification filter (20 households; 210 individuals) C: Usual practice (40 households; 107 individuals) | 5 | Microbial contamination, health |
Clasen T, et al. 2007 | Bangladesh | 100 households, 555 participants of any age group | RCT | I: 67-mg NADCC tabletsb designed to treat 20–25 L of water (n= 50 households; 279 participants) C: Placebo consisting of tablets of the same colour, size and packaging (n = 50 households, 276 participants) | 4 | Microbial contamination |
Clasen T, et al. 2005 | Columbia | 140 household | RCT | I: Ceramic Water filter (n = 76 households, 415 participants) C: Usual practice (n = 64 households, 265 participants) | 6 | Microbial contamination, health |
Christen A, et al. 2009 | Bolivia | 2 household (27 proxy household for air quality) | CSS (pre and post) | I: Water disinfection stove (WADIS) | 6 | Water quality, Microbial contamination, air quality, health |
Conroy R, et al. 1996 | Kenya | 206 children age 5–16 years, household | RCT | I: SODIS bottle (n = 108) C: Only water bottle and suggested to use indoor (n = 98) | 3 | Health |
Crump JA, et al. 2005 | Kenya | 605 households (6650 participants) | Cluster- RCT | I1: Flocculant- disinfectant intervention (n = 201 households,2124 participants) I2: Sodium hypochlorite intervention (n = 203 households, 2249 participants) C: Usual practice (n = 201 households, 2277 participants) | 4 (20 weeks) | Microbial contamination, health |
Davis J, et al. 2011 | Tanzania | 248 households, participants aged <5 years | Experimental field study | I: One of following 4 intervention: 1) Information on strategies to reduce water and sanitation related illness (n = 79) 2) Information as per 1 plus water quality tests (n = 84) 3) Information as per 1 plus hand-rinse test results (n = 90) 4) information as per 1 plus water and hand rinse results (n = 81) | 4 | Microbial contamination, hygiene and sanitation |
Du Preez M, et al. 2008 | Zimbabwe and South Africa | 115 households, participants aged between 12 to 24 months | RCT | I: Ceramic water filter (n = 60) C: In-house water filter (n = 58) | 6 | Health |
Du Preez M, et al. 2010 | South Africa | 649 households, 6 months to 5 years, household | RCT | I: SODISa bottles to be used to provide drinking water at all times and as much as possible drink directly from the bottle (n = 297) C: Usual practice (n = 267) | 12 | Microbial contamination, health |
Fabiszewski de Aceituno AM, et al. 2012 | Honduras | 195 participants aged <5 years, household | RCT | I: Plastic Bio sand filters, a narrow mouth gallon (20 L), water jug and general education on hygiene and sanitation (n = 90 households, 532 participants) C : Usual practice (n = 86 households, 488 participants) | 10 | Microbial contamination, health |
Graf J, et al. 2010 | Cameroon | 2,193 households, participants aged <5 years | CSS (pre and post) | I: SODIS bottles for water purification | 10 | Health |
Garrett V, et al. 2008 | Kenya | 555 households (960 children aged <5 years) | RCT | I: Sodium hypochlorite water disinfection solution and storage containers and hygiene and sanitation education (n = 366) C: Usual practice (n = 189) | 2 (8 weeks) | Microbial contamination, health |
Habib MA, et al. 2013 | Pakistan | 18,244, participants, household | Cluster-RCT | I: Diarrhoea pack (two packets of low osmolality ORS, one strip of Zinc tablets, two packets of water purification sachet and a leaflet with educational materials) (n = 9,581) C: Usual practice (n = 8,663) | 12 | Health |
Henry FJ et al. 1990 | Bangladesh | 44 children, 6–23 months, community | Intervention Study | I: Latrine construction and hygiene education (n = 41) C: Usual practice (n = 43) | 6 | Health |
Henry FJ et al. 1990 | Bangladesh | 92 participants, 6–18 months, household | Intervention study | I: Hand pumps, latrine construction and hygiene education (44) C: Hand pumps only (48) | 6 | Health |
Lindquist ED, et. al; 2014 | Bolivia | 1,198 participants, household | Cluster-RCT | I1: A household level hollow fiber filter (n = 330) I2: Education (behaviour change communication) (n = 302) I3: Filter and education (n = 285) C: Life skills and attitudes and family responsibility message (n = 279) | 3 | Health |
Luby,AP, et al. 2006 | Pakistan | 1340 households, all age participants | RCT | I: One of following intervention: 1) diluted bleach and a water vessel provided (n = 265) 2) soap and hand washing promotion provided (n = 262) 3) flocculent disinfectant water treatment and water vessel provided (n = 262) 4) flocculent-disinfection, soap and hand washing promotion provided (n = 266) C: Usual practice (n = 282) | 9 | Health |
Mausezahi D et al. 2009 | Bolivia | 484 households, participants aged <5 years | RCT | I: SODIS bottles (n = 255 households; 376 children) C: Usual practice (n = 200 households; 349 children) | 14 | Health |
Opryszko MC et al. 2010 | Afghanistan | 1514 households, all age participants, household | RCT | I: Multiple intervention; liquid chlorine with a water vessel (299 households), hygiene education (233 households), improved tube well (308 households) and combination of all (261 households) C: Usual practice (n = 292) | 17 | Diarrhoeal incidence |
Quick RE et al. 1996 | Bolivia | 42 household | Intervention study (pre and post) | I1: 20 l narrow mouthed water vessel and the calcium hypochlorite solution (n = 15) I2: 20 l narrow mouthed water vessel (n = 15) C: Usual practice (n = 12) | 9 weeks | Microbial contamination, |
Quick RE, et al. 1998 | Bolivia | 127 households | RCT | I: Water disinfection solution and storage vessels (n = 64 households, 400 individuals) C: Usual practice (n = 63 households, 391 individuals) | 8 | Microbial contamination, health |
Ram PK, et al. 2007 | Madagascar | 242 households, participants aged 0–90 year | Intervention study | I: Water chlorination tablet and Jerrycan for water storage | NR | Education and self-reported compliance |
Rangel JM, et al. 2003 | Guatemala | 100 households | RCT | I1: Chlorine bleach and 20 l narrow mouthed water vessel (n = 20) I2: Combined product c in narrow mouthed water vessel (n = 20) I3: Combined product c with customised vessel (n = 20) I4: Combined product c in traditional vessel (n = 20) C: Traditional vessel (n = 20) | 1 (4 weeks) | Microbial contamination, health |
Rose A et al. 2006 | India | 200 children, participants aged <5 years, household | RCT | I: SODIS bottles for water purification plus diarrhoea prevention and treatment education (n = 100) C: Diarrhoeal prevention and treatment education only (n = 100) | 6 | Health |
Rosa G, et al. 2014 | Rwanda | 566 households | RCT | I: Life straw family 2.0 filter and one improved stove (Eco Zoom Dura) (n = 285) C: Usual practice (n = 281) | 5 | Water quality, air quality |
Stauber CE, et al. 2009 | Dominican Republic | 187 households, all aged participants | RCT | I: Plastic Bio Sand filters (n = 81 households, 447 participants) C : Usual practice (n = 86 households, 460 participants) | 10 | Microbial contamination, health |
Stauber CE, et al. 2011 | Cambodia | 189 households, participants aged <5 years | RCT | I: Plastic Bio Sand filters (n = 90 households, 546 participants) C : Usual practice (n = 99 households, 501 participants) | 6 | Microbial contamination, health |
Tiwari SS, et al. 2009 | Kenya | 59 household | RCT | I: Concrete Bio sand Filter and instruction on filter use (n = 30) C: Usual practice (n = 29) | 6 | Microbial contamination, health |
Characteristics of nutrition Interventions (n = 30)
Study (Author and publication year) | Country | Participants (sample size, age, setting) | Study design | Intervention details (I = Intervention and C = Control) | Duration of intervention (months) | Outcome measured |
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Ali D et al. 2013 | Bangladesh, Vietnam, Ethiopia | 2356 (Ethiopia), 3075 (Vietnam), 3422 (Bangladesh) households, participants aged 6 monthsnths-5 years | CSS | I: Nutrition education | NR | Food consumption and anthropometry |
Chow J, et al. 2010 | India | participants aged 1–4 years, household | Intervention study | I: High dose vitamin A supplementation, Industrial fortification of mustard oil and GM fortification of mustard oil and seed | NR | Health |
Creed-Kanashiro H et al. 2003 | Peru | 42 participants, aged 12–51 years, community | Interventional study (pre and post) | I: Nutrition education | NR | Nutrient deficiencies, education |
Darapheak C, et al. 2013 | Cambodia | 6202 participants, aged 12–59 months, household | CSS (post intervention only) | I: Animal source food group C: Non animal source food group | NR | Anthropometry, health |
English RM, et al. 1997 | Vietnam | 720 children <6 years, community | CSS (2 groups) | I: Home gardening and nutrition education (n = 469) C: Usual practice (n = 251) | 24-36 | Nutrient intake, health |
Faber M, et al. 2002 | South Africa | 208 participants, aged 2–5 years, community | CSS (Pre and post) | I: Home gardening along with nutrition education (n = 108) C: Usual practice (n = 100) | 20 | Nutrient intake |
Fenn B et al. 2012 | Ethiopia | 5552 participants, 6–36 monthsnths, household | CSS (pre and post) | I: Multiple intervention; health care, nutrition education, water and sanitation (4124) C: Protective safety net programme (1428) | 30 | Anthropometry |
Gibson RS et al. 2003 | Malawi | 281 participants, aged between 30–40 months, household | Quasi- experimental | I: Complementary foods (n = 200) C: Usual practice (n = 81) | 6 | Food consumption, nutrient intake, anthropometry |
Grillenberger, et al. 2006 | Kenya | 498 participants, mean age 7.4 years | RCT | I: Three supplementary foods groups: meat (n = 134), milk (n = 144) and energy (veg oil) supplied as a school snack in a maize stew (n = 148) C: Usual practice (n = 129) | 24 | Anthropometry |
Grillenberger, et al. 2006 | Kenya | 554 participants, mean age 7.4 years | RCT | I: Three supplementary foods groups: meat (n = 134), milk (n = 144) and energy (veg oil) supplied as a school snack in a maize stew (n = 148) C: Usual practice (n = 129) | 24 | Nutrient intake, anthropometry |
Imran M, et al. 2014 | India | 245 participants, aged 2–4 years, community | Intervention study | I: Nutrition education along with supplementary nutrition and supervision | 12 | Anthropometry |
Kabahenda M, et al. 2011 | Uganda | 89 children <4 years, household | RCT | I: Nutrition education (n = 46) C: Sewing classes (n = 43) | 12 | Food consumption, nutrient deficiencies |
Khan A Z et al. 2013 | Pakistan | 586 participants, aged 6 mo- 8 years, household | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Nutrition education | 3 | Food consumption, anthropometry |
Kilaru A, et al. 2005 | India | 242 infants aged 5–11 months, household | Intervention study | I: Nutrition education (n = 173) C: No nutrition education (n = 69) | 36 | Food consumption, Anthropometry |
Lanerolle P and Atukorala S, 2006 | Sir Lanka | 229 adolescent girls aged between 15–19 years, household | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Nutrition education | 10 weeks | Nutrition knowledge, food consumption, nutrient deficiencies |
Lartey A et al. 1999 | Ghana | 216 participants, aged 6–12 months, households | RCT | I: One of following complementary fortified foods: Weanimix (W) a combination of soybeans, maize and groundnuts, Weanimix plus minerals and vitamins (WM), Weanimix plus fish powder (WF) and Koko plus fish powder (KF) (n = 208) C: Usual practice (n = 465) | 6 | Anthropometry |
Moore JB, et al. 2009 | Nicaragua | 182 adolescents and 67 mothers, community | Longitudinal study (pre and post) | I: Nutrition education | 48 for girls and 24 for mothers | Nutritional knowledge, nutrient deficiencies |
Pawloski LR and Moore JB; 2007 | Nicaragua | 186 adolescent girls aged 10–17 years, community | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Nutrition education | 36 | Nutritional knowledge, Anthropometry, nutrient deficiencies |
Phawa S, et al. 2010 | India | 370 mothers of children aged 12–71 months, community | Intervention study (2 groups) | I: Nutrition and health education (n = 195) C: Usual practice (n = 175) | 9 | Health |
Pant CR, et al. 1996 | Nepal | 40,000 children aged 6–12 months | Intervention study (pre and post) | I: Mega dose vitamin A capsules and nutrition education C: Usual practice | 24 | Health, nutrient deficiencies |
Rivera JA, et al. 2004 | Mexico | 650 children aged <12 months, household | Randomised crossover study | I: Nutrition Education along with micronutrient- fortified foods (n = 373) C: Cross over intervention group (n = 277) | 24 | Anthropometry, nutrient deficiencies |
Roy SK, et al. 2005 | Bangladesh | 282 children aged 6–24 months, household | RCT | I1: Intensive nutrition education twice a week I2: Intensive nutrition education and supplementary food C: Nutrition education from community nutrition promotors | 3 | Food consumption Anthropometry, Nutrient intake, Education |
Salehi M, et al. 2004 | Iran | 811 children aged <5 years, household | Intervention study (2 groups) | I: Nutrition education (n = 406) C: Usual practice (n = 405) | 12 | Anthropometry, Food consumption |
Santos I, et al. 2001 | Brazil | 424 participants, aged <18 months, community | RCT | I: Nutritional counselling (n = 218) C: Usual practice (n = 206) | One off training | Anthropometry |
Sazawal S, et al. 2010 | India | 633 participants, 1–4 years, community | RCT | I: Micronutrient fortified milk (n = 316) C: Non-fortified milk (n = 317) | 12 | Anthropometry and nutrient deficiencies |
Sekartini R et al. 2013 | Indonesia | 54 participants, aged between 5–6 years, household | RCT | I: Four different complementary milks products; Std GUM, Iso-5 GUM, Iso-5 LP GUM, Iso-2 · 5 GUM | 2 | Health |
Siekmann JF et al. 2003 | Kenya | 555 participants aged between 5–14 years | RCT | I: Three supplementary foods groups: meat (n = 134), milk (n = 144) and energy (veg oil) supplied as a school snack in a maize stew (n = 148) C: Usual practice (n = 129) | 12 | Food consumption, nutrient intake |
Serkatini R et al. 2013 | Indonesia | 54 participants, aged 5–6 years, household | Cross over study | I: Four different growing up milk (GUM) products – Standard GUM, Std GUM with 5 g isomaltulose per serving (Iso-5 GUM0, Iso-5 GU with lowered protein content (Iso-5 LP GUM), Std GUM with 2.5 g isomaltulose in combination with other vitamins and minerals (Iso 2.5 GUM) | 2 | Health |
Vitolo M R et al. 2008 | Brazil | 500 individuals, all age, household | RCT | I: Breastfeeding and weaning counselling and complementary foods (163 mothers baby pairs) C: No dietary advice given (234 mother-baby pairs) | 6 | Health |
Walsh CM, et al. 2002 | South Africa | 815 children aged 2 to 5 years, household | Intervention study (2 groups) | I: Nutrition education plus food aid C: Food aid only | 24 | Anthropometry, nutrient deficiencies |