Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 10/2022

06.05.2022 | Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (W Dolen, Section Editor)

Update on Food Protein–Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES)

verfasst von: Mary Grace Baker, M. Cecilia Berin, Scott Sicherer

Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports | Ausgabe 10/2022

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy characterized by delayed, and potentially severe, gastrointestinal symptoms. Since the advent of a specific diagnostic code and establishment of diagnostic guidelines, our understanding of this condition has grown.

Recent Findings

FPIES affects patients from early infancy into adulthood. Any food can be a trigger, and common culprit foods vary geographically and by age. An understanding of the complex underlying immune mechanisms remains elusive, although studies show pan-leukocyte activation, cytokine release, and increased gastrointestinal permeability. Management involves trigger avoidance, and patients may benefit from the support of a dietitian to ensure adequate nutrient intake. Tolerance develops over time for most children, but due to the risk of severe symptoms, re-introduction of a suspected FPIES trigger is recommended only under supervision at an oral food challenge. Studies continue to evaluate the optimal challenge protocol. Caregivers of children with FPIES report high levels of anxiety and stress, which is attributed to the dramatic symptomatology, dietary restrictions, nutritional concerns, lack of confirmatory diagnostic tests, and limited tools for management of reactions.

Summary

Our understanding of the FPIES diagnosis has improved over the last few decades, but there remain opportunities, particularly regarding discerning the pathophysiology and best management practices.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Sicherer SH, Eigenmann PA, Sampson HA. Clinical features of food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome. J Pediatr. 1998;133(2):214–9.PubMedCrossRef Sicherer SH, Eigenmann PA, Sampson HA. Clinical features of food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome. J Pediatr. 1998;133(2):214–9.PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Nowak-Wegrzyn A, et al. International consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: executive summary-Workgroup Report of the Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139(4):1111–26.PubMedCrossRef Nowak-Wegrzyn A, et al. International consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: executive summary-Workgroup Report of the Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139(4):1111–26.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Gonzalez-Delgado P, et al. Chronic adult food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;125(6):716–7.PubMedCrossRef Gonzalez-Delgado P, et al. Chronic adult food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;125(6):716–7.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Monti G, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome by cow’s milk proteins passed through breast milk. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2011;127(3):679–80.PubMedCrossRef Monti G, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome by cow’s milk proteins passed through breast milk. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2011;127(3):679–80.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Nomura I, et al. Four distinct subtypes of non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergies in neonates and infants, distinguished by their initial symptoms. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127(3):685–8.PubMedCrossRef Nomura I, et al. Four distinct subtypes of non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergies in neonates and infants, distinguished by their initial symptoms. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127(3):685–8.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Mehr S, et al. Food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome in Australia: a population-based study, 2012–2014. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2017;140(5):1323–30.PubMedCrossRef Mehr S, et al. Food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome in Australia: a population-based study, 2012–2014. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2017;140(5):1323–30.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Miceli Sopo S, et al. Chronic food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome caused by cow’s milk proteins passed through breast milk. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2014;164(3):207–9.PubMedCrossRef Miceli Sopo S, et al. Chronic food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome caused by cow’s milk proteins passed through breast milk. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2014;164(3):207–9.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Tan J, Campbell D, Mehr S. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in an exclusively breast-fed infant-an uncommon entity. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012:129(3):873, author reply 873–4. Tan J, Campbell D, Mehr S. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in an exclusively breast-fed infant-an uncommon entity. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012:129(3):873, author reply 873–4.
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Powell GK. Enterocolitis in low-birth-weight infants associated with milk and soy protein intolerance. J Pediatr. 1976;88(5):840–4.PubMedCrossRef Powell GK. Enterocolitis in low-birth-weight infants associated with milk and soy protein intolerance. J Pediatr. 1976;88(5):840–4.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Powell GK. Milk- and soy-induced enterocolitis of infancy: clinical features and standardization of challenge. J Pediatr. 1978;93(4):553–60.PubMedCrossRef Powell GK. Milk- and soy-induced enterocolitis of infancy: clinical features and standardization of challenge. J Pediatr. 1978;93(4):553–60.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Weinberger T, et al. Chronic food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: characterization of clinical phenotype and literature review. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2016;117(3):227–33.PubMedCrossRef Weinberger T, et al. Chronic food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: characterization of clinical phenotype and literature review. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2016;117(3):227–33.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Mehr S, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: 16-year experience. Pediatrics. 2009;123(3):e459–64.PubMedCrossRef Mehr S, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: 16-year experience. Pediatrics. 2009;123(3):e459–64.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Murray KF, Christie DL. Dietary protein intolerance in infants with transient methemoglobinemia and diarrhea. J Pediatr. 1993;122(1):90–2.PubMedCrossRef Murray KF, Christie DL. Dietary protein intolerance in infants with transient methemoglobinemia and diarrhea. J Pediatr. 1993;122(1):90–2.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Makita E, et al. Comparison of methemoglobin levels in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome and other gastrointestinal diseases in neonates. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2020;48(5):490–5.CrossRef Makita E, et al. Comparison of methemoglobin levels in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome and other gastrointestinal diseases in neonates. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2020;48(5):490–5.CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Nowak-Wegrzyn A, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome caused by solid food proteins. Pediatrics. 2003;111(4 Pt 1):829–35.PubMedCrossRef Nowak-Wegrzyn A, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome caused by solid food proteins. Pediatrics. 2003;111(4 Pt 1):829–35.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Ruffner MA, et al. Elevated atopic comorbidity in patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(3):1039–46.PubMedCrossRef Ruffner MA, et al. Elevated atopic comorbidity in patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(3):1039–46.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Lopes JP, et al. Peanut-induced food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) in infants with early peanut introduction. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(5):2117–9.PubMedCrossRef Lopes JP, et al. Peanut-induced food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) in infants with early peanut introduction. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(5):2117–9.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Baldwin S, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome to nuts: an increasing phenomenon. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):464–6.PubMedCrossRef Baldwin S, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome to nuts: an increasing phenomenon. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):464–6.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Fernandes BN, et al. Food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome can occur in adults. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2012;130(5):1199–200.PubMedCrossRef Fernandes BN, et al. Food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome can occur in adults. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2012;130(5):1199–200.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Tan JA, Smith WB. Non–IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity syndrome in adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2014:2(3):355–357.e1. Tan JA, Smith WB. Non–IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity syndrome in adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2014:2(3):355–357.e1.
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Gleich GJ, et al. Shrimp allergy: gastrointestinal symptoms commonly occur in the absence of IgE sensitization. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016;4(2):316–318. Gleich GJ, et al. Shrimp allergy: gastrointestinal symptoms commonly occur in the absence of IgE sensitization. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016;4(2):316–318.
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Zubrinich C, Hew M, O’Hehir R. Egg provoked food protein-induced enterocolitis-like syndrome in an adult. Clinical Case Reports. 2016;4(9):899–901.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Zubrinich C, Hew M, O’Hehir R. Egg provoked food protein-induced enterocolitis-like syndrome in an adult. Clinical Case Reports. 2016;4(9):899–901.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Du YJ, Nowak-Wegrzyn A, Vadas P. FPIES in adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018;121(6):736–8.PubMedCrossRef Du YJ, Nowak-Wegrzyn A, Vadas P. FPIES in adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018;121(6):736–8.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Gonzalez-Delgado P, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis-like syndrome in a population of adolescents and adults caused by seafood. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019;7(2):670–672. Gonzalez-Delgado P, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis-like syndrome in a population of adolescents and adults caused by seafood. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019;7(2):670–672.
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Crespo J, et al. Relevant features of adult-onset food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(4):1759-1760.e1.PubMedCrossRef Crespo J, et al. Relevant features of adult-onset food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(4):1759-1760.e1.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Caubet JC, et al. Clinical features and resolution of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: 10-year experience. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134(2):382–9.PubMedCrossRef Caubet JC, et al. Clinical features and resolution of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: 10-year experience. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134(2):382–9.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Blackman AC, et al. Emerging triggers of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: lessons from a pediatric cohort of 74 children in the United States. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019;122(4):407–11.PubMedCrossRef Blackman AC, et al. Emerging triggers of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: lessons from a pediatric cohort of 74 children in the United States. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019;122(4):407–11.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Leonard SA, et al. Management of acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome emergencies at home and in a medical facility. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):482-488.e1.PubMedCrossRef Leonard SA, et al. Management of acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome emergencies at home and in a medical facility. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):482-488.e1.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Miceli SS, et al. A multicentre retrospective study of 66 Italian children with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: different management for different phenotypes. Clin Exp Allergy. 2012;42(8):1257–65.CrossRef Miceli SS, et al. A multicentre retrospective study of 66 Italian children with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: different management for different phenotypes. Clin Exp Allergy. 2012;42(8):1257–65.CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Katz Y, et al. The prevalence and natural course of food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome to cow’s milk: a large-scale, prospective population-based study. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2011;127(3):647-653.e3.PubMedCrossRef Katz Y, et al. The prevalence and natural course of food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome to cow’s milk: a large-scale, prospective population-based study. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2011;127(3):647-653.e3.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Diaz JJ, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: data from a multicenter retrospective study in Spain. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2019;68(2):232–6.PubMedCrossRef Diaz JJ, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: data from a multicenter retrospective study in Spain. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2019;68(2):232–6.PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Ludman S, et al. Clinical presentation and referral characteristics of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in the United Kingdom. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014;113(3):290–4.PubMedCrossRef Ludman S, et al. Clinical presentation and referral characteristics of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in the United Kingdom. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014;113(3):290–4.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Hsu P, Mehr S. Egg: a frequent trigger of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2013;131(1):241–2.PubMedCrossRef Hsu P, Mehr S. Egg: a frequent trigger of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2013;131(1):241–2.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Papadopoulou A, et al. Atypical food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in children: is IgE sensitisation an issue longitudinally? Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2021;49(3):73–82.CrossRef Papadopoulou A, et al. Atypical food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in children: is IgE sensitisation an issue longitudinally? Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2021;49(3):73–82.CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee E, et al. An exploration of factors associated with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: birth, infant feeding and food triggers. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021;32(4):742–9.PubMedCrossRef Lee E, et al. An exploration of factors associated with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: birth, infant feeding and food triggers. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021;32(4):742–9.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Miceli Sopo S, Sinatti D, Gelsomino M. Retrospective analysis of 222 oral food challenges with a single dose in acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021;32(5):1066–1072. Miceli Sopo S, Sinatti D, Gelsomino M. Retrospective analysis of 222 oral food challenges with a single dose in acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021;32(5):1066–1072.
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Nowak-Wegrzyn A, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in the US population-based study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;144(4):1128–30.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Nowak-Wegrzyn A, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in the US population-based study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;144(4):1128–30.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Berin MC. Immune basis of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, in Food protein induced enterocolitis (FPIES), T. Brown Whitehorn and A. Cianferoni, Editors, Springer: Cham, Switzerland. 2019 p. 25–30. Berin MC. Immune basis of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, in Food protein induced enterocolitis (FPIES), T. Brown Whitehorn and A. Cianferoni, Editors, Springer: Cham, Switzerland. 2019 p. 25–30.
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Goswami R, et al. Systemic innate immune activation in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2017;139(6):1885-1896.e9.PubMedCrossRef Goswami R, et al. Systemic innate immune activation in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2017;139(6):1885-1896.e9.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Heyman M, et al. Mononuclear cells from infants allergic to cow’s milk secrete tumor necrosis factor alpha, altering intestinal function. Gastroenterology. 1994;106(6):1514–23.PubMedCrossRef Heyman M, et al. Mononuclear cells from infants allergic to cow’s milk secrete tumor necrosis factor alpha, altering intestinal function. Gastroenterology. 1994;106(6):1514–23.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Mehr S, et al. Innate immune activation occurs in acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome reactions. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;144(2):600-602.e2.PubMedCrossRef Mehr S, et al. Innate immune activation occurs in acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome reactions. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;144(2):600-602.e2.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Kimura M, et al. Cytokine profile after oral food challenge in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Allergol Int. 2017;66(3):452–7.PubMedCrossRef Kimura M, et al. Cytokine profile after oral food challenge in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Allergol Int. 2017;66(3):452–7.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Morita H, et al. Antigen-specific T-cell responses in patients with non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy are predominantly skewed to T(H)2. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131(2):590–2.PubMedCrossRef Morita H, et al. Antigen-specific T-cell responses in patients with non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy are predominantly skewed to T(H)2. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131(2):590–2.PubMedCrossRef
46.
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Caubet JC, et al. Humoral and cellular responses to casein in patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis to cow’s milk. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139(2):572–83.PubMedCrossRef Caubet JC, et al. Humoral and cellular responses to casein in patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis to cow’s milk. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139(2):572–83.PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Majamaa H, et al. Intestinal inflammation in children with atopic eczema: faecal eosinophil cationic protein and tumour necrosis factor-alpha as non-invasive indicators of food allergy. Clin Exp Allergy. 1996;26(2):181–7.PubMedCrossRef Majamaa H, et al. Intestinal inflammation in children with atopic eczema: faecal eosinophil cationic protein and tumour necrosis factor-alpha as non-invasive indicators of food allergy. Clin Exp Allergy. 1996;26(2):181–7.PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Chung HL, et al. Expression of transforming growth factor beta1, transforming growth factor type I and II receptors, and TNF-alpha in the mucosa of the small intestine in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;109(1):150–4.PubMedCrossRef Chung HL, et al. Expression of transforming growth factor beta1, transforming growth factor type I and II receptors, and TNF-alpha in the mucosa of the small intestine in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;109(1):150–4.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Konstantinou GN, et al. The role of casein-specific IgA and TGF-beta in children with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome to milk. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2014;25(7):651–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Konstantinou GN, et al. The role of casein-specific IgA and TGF-beta in children with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome to milk. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2014;25(7):651–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Adel-Patient K, et al. Deep analysis of immune response and metabolic signature in children with food protein induced enterocolitis to cow’s milk. Clin Transl Allergy. 2018;8:38.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Adel-Patient K, et al. Deep analysis of immune response and metabolic signature in children with food protein induced enterocolitis to cow’s milk. Clin Transl Allergy. 2018;8:38.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Shimomura M, et al. Increased serum cortisol on oral food challenge in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Pediatr Int. 2018;60(1):13–8.PubMedCrossRef Shimomura M, et al. Increased serum cortisol on oral food challenge in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Pediatr Int. 2018;60(1):13–8.PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Wada T, et al. Increased CD69 expression on peripheral eosinophils from patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2016;170(3):201–5.PubMedCrossRef Wada T, et al. Increased CD69 expression on peripheral eosinophils from patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2016;170(3):201–5.PubMedCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Heyman M, et al. Antigen absorption by the jejunal epithelium of children with cow’s milk allergy. Pediatr Res. 1988;24(2):197–202.PubMedCrossRef Heyman M, et al. Antigen absorption by the jejunal epithelium of children with cow’s milk allergy. Pediatr Res. 1988;24(2):197–202.PubMedCrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Chung HL, et al. Deposition of eosinophil-granule major basic protein and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in the mucosa of the small intestine in infants with cow’s milk-sensitive enteropathy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999;103(6):1195–201.PubMedCrossRef Chung HL, et al. Deposition of eosinophil-granule major basic protein and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in the mucosa of the small intestine in infants with cow’s milk-sensitive enteropathy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999;103(6):1195–201.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Wada T, et al. Elevation of fecal eosinophil-derived neurotoxin in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2014;25(6):617–9.PubMed Wada T, et al. Elevation of fecal eosinophil-derived neurotoxin in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2014;25(6):617–9.PubMed
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Burks AW, et al. Prospective oral food challenge study of two soybean protein isolates in patients with possible milk or soy protein enterocolitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1994;5(1):40–5.PubMedCrossRef Burks AW, et al. Prospective oral food challenge study of two soybean protein isolates in patients with possible milk or soy protein enterocolitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1994;5(1):40–5.PubMedCrossRef
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Berin MC. Advances in understanding immune mechanisms of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):478–81.PubMedCrossRef Berin MC. Advances in understanding immune mechanisms of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):478–81.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoffmann NV, Ahmed A, Fortunato JE. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: dynamic relationship among gastrointestinal symptoms, immune response, and the autonomic nervous system. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):498–505.PubMedCrossRef Hoffmann NV, Ahmed A, Fortunato JE. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: dynamic relationship among gastrointestinal symptoms, immune response, and the autonomic nervous system. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):498–505.PubMedCrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Wu H, et al. Beyond a neurotransmitter: the role of serotonin in inflammation and immunity. Pharmacol Res. 2019;140:100–14.PubMedCrossRef Wu H, et al. Beyond a neurotransmitter: the role of serotonin in inflammation and immunity. Pharmacol Res. 2019;140:100–14.PubMedCrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Ono HK, et al. Histamine release from intestinal mast cells induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) evokes vomiting reflex in common marmoset. PLoS Pathog. 2019;15(5): e1007803.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Ono HK, et al. Histamine release from intestinal mast cells induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) evokes vomiting reflex in common marmoset. PLoS Pathog. 2019;15(5): e1007803.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Hagbom M, et al. Rotavirus stimulates release of serotonin (5-HT) from human enterochromaffin cells and activates brain structures involved in nausea and vomiting. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7(7): e1002115.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Hagbom M, et al. Rotavirus stimulates release of serotonin (5-HT) from human enterochromaffin cells and activates brain structures involved in nausea and vomiting. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7(7): e1002115.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Ye JH, Ponnudurai R, Schaefer R. Ondansetron: a selective 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist and its applications in CNS-related disorders. CNS Drug Rev. 2001;7(2):199–213.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Ye JH, Ponnudurai R, Schaefer R. Ondansetron: a selective 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist and its applications in CNS-related disorders. CNS Drug Rev. 2001;7(2):199–213.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Baker MG, Nowak-Wegrzyn A. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: epidemiology and comorbidities. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020;20(2):168–74.PubMedCrossRef Baker MG, Nowak-Wegrzyn A. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: epidemiology and comorbidities. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020;20(2):168–74.PubMedCrossRef
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang KY, et al. Food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome food challenges: experience from a large referral center. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019;7(2):444–450. Wang KY, et al. Food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome food challenges: experience from a large referral center. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019;7(2):444–450.
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Douros K, et al. Retrospective study identified fish and milk as the main culprits in cases of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Acta Paediatr. 2019;108(10):1901–4.PubMedCrossRef Douros K, et al. Retrospective study identified fish and milk as the main culprits in cases of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Acta Paediatr. 2019;108(10):1901–4.PubMedCrossRef
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Xepapadaki P, et al. Remission patterns of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in a Greek pediatric population. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2019;180(2):113–9.PubMedCrossRef Xepapadaki P, et al. Remission patterns of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in a Greek pediatric population. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2019;180(2):113–9.PubMedCrossRef
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Ballini G, et al. Frequency of positive oral food challenges and their outcomes in the allergy unit of a tertiary-care pediatric hospital. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2021;49(3):120–30.CrossRef Ballini G, et al. Frequency of positive oral food challenges and their outcomes in the allergy unit of a tertiary-care pediatric hospital. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2021;49(3):120–30.CrossRef
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Shoda T, Isozaki A, Kawano Y. Food protein-induced gastrointestinal syndromes in identical and fraternal twins. Allergol Int. 2011;60(1):103–8.PubMedCrossRef Shoda T, Isozaki A, Kawano Y. Food protein-induced gastrointestinal syndromes in identical and fraternal twins. Allergol Int. 2011;60(1):103–8.PubMedCrossRef
72.
Zurück zum Zitat D'Auria E, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in preterm newborns. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021. D'Auria E, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in preterm newborns. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021.
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Alonso SB, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: increased prevalence of this great unknown-results of the PREVALE study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;143(1):430–3.PubMedCrossRef Alonso SB, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: increased prevalence of this great unknown-results of the PREVALE study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;143(1):430–3.PubMedCrossRef
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Watanabe Y, et al. Early tolerance acquisition in hen’s egg yolk-associated food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(5):2120-2122.e2.PubMedCrossRef Watanabe Y, et al. Early tolerance acquisition in hen’s egg yolk-associated food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(5):2120-2122.e2.PubMedCrossRef
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Ruffner MA, et al. Food Protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: insights from review of a large referral population. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2013;1(4):343–349. Ruffner MA, et al. Food Protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: insights from review of a large referral population. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2013;1(4):343–349.
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Bird JA, et al. Conducting an oral food challenge: an update to the 2009 Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee Work Group Report. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(1):75-90.e17.PubMedCrossRef Bird JA, et al. Conducting an oral food challenge: an update to the 2009 Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee Work Group Report. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(1):75-90.e17.PubMedCrossRef
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Nicolaides R, et al. Oral food challenge for FPIES in practice—a survey: report from the Work Group on FPIES Within the Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee, FAED IS, AAAAI. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(10):3608–3614.e1. Nicolaides R, et al. Oral food challenge for FPIES in practice—a survey: report from the Work Group on FPIES Within the Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee, FAED IS, AAAAI. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(10):3608–3614.e1.
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Argiz L, et al. Reactions on re-exposure following negative and inconclusive follow-up food challenges in children with acute FPIES. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(9):3228-3231.e3.PubMedCrossRef Argiz L, et al. Reactions on re-exposure following negative and inconclusive follow-up food challenges in children with acute FPIES. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(9):3228-3231.e3.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Barni S, et al. A modified oral food challenge in children with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Clin Exp Allergy. 2019;49(12):1633–6.PubMedCrossRef Barni S, et al. A modified oral food challenge in children with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Clin Exp Allergy. 2019;49(12):1633–6.PubMedCrossRef
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Infante S, et al. Oral food challenge in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome by fish: is there any room for improvement? Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2019;179(3):215–20.PubMedCrossRef Infante S, et al. Oral food challenge in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome by fish: is there any room for improvement? Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2019;179(3):215–20.PubMedCrossRef
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Ruffner MA, Spergel JM, Brown-Whitehorn TF. CON: Peripheral intravenous access should always be secured before initiating food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome oral food challenge. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):462–3.PubMedCrossRef Ruffner MA, Spergel JM, Brown-Whitehorn TF. CON: Peripheral intravenous access should always be secured before initiating food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome oral food challenge. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;126(5):462–3.PubMedCrossRef
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Pena LE, et al. The role of intravenous access during oral food challenges in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2017;38(6):467–73.PubMedCrossRef Pena LE, et al. The role of intravenous access during oral food challenges in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2017;38(6):467–73.PubMedCrossRef
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Nowak-Wegrzyn A, et al. Managing food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: expert recommendations. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;125(1):14–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Nowak-Wegrzyn A, et al. Managing food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: expert recommendations. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;125(1):14–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Le S, et al. Efficacy of oral ondansetron in acute FPIES: a case series of 6 patients. Allergy. 2020;75(11):2949–51.PubMedCrossRef Le S, et al. Efficacy of oral ondansetron in acute FPIES: a case series of 6 patients. Allergy. 2020;75(11):2949–51.PubMedCrossRef
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Miceli Sopo S, et al. Ondansetron in acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, a retrospective case-control study. Allergy. 2017;72(4):545–51.PubMedCrossRef Miceli Sopo S, et al. Ondansetron in acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, a retrospective case-control study. Allergy. 2017;72(4):545–51.PubMedCrossRef
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Sicherer SH. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: clinical perspectives. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;30(Suppl):S45–9.PubMedCrossRef Sicherer SH. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: clinical perspectives. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;30(Suppl):S45–9.PubMedCrossRef
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Sicherer SH. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: case presentations and management lessons. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005;115(1):149–56.PubMedCrossRef Sicherer SH. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: case presentations and management lessons. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005;115(1):149–56.PubMedCrossRef
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Jarvinen KM, Nowak-Wegrzyn A. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES): current management strategies and review of the literature. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2013;1(4):317–22.PubMedCrossRef Jarvinen KM, Nowak-Wegrzyn A. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES): current management strategies and review of the literature. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2013;1(4):317–22.PubMedCrossRef
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Groetch M, et al. The practical dietary management of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;127(1):28–35.PubMedCrossRef Groetch M, et al. The practical dietary management of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;127(1):28–35.PubMedCrossRef
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Meyer R, et al. Diagnosis and management of non-IgE gastrointestinal allergies in breastfed infants—An EAACI Position Paper. Allergy. 2020;75(1):14–32.PubMedCrossRef Meyer R, et al. Diagnosis and management of non-IgE gastrointestinal allergies in breastfed infants—An EAACI Position Paper. Allergy. 2020;75(1):14–32.PubMedCrossRef
91.
92.
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Maciag MC, et al. A slice of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES): insights from 441 children with FPIES as provided by caregivers in the International FPIES Association. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(5):1702–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Maciag MC, et al. A slice of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES): insights from 441 children with FPIES as provided by caregivers in the International FPIES Association. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(5):1702–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Chehade M, Meyer R, Beauregard A. Feeding difficulties in children with non–IgE-mediated food allergic gastrointestinal disorders. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019;122(6):603–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Chehade M, Meyer R, Beauregard A. Feeding difficulties in children with non–IgE-mediated food allergic gastrointestinal disorders. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019;122(6):603–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Su KW, et al. Food aversion and poor weight gain in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: a retrospective study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020;145(5):1430-1437.e11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Su KW, et al. Food aversion and poor weight gain in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: a retrospective study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020;145(5):1430-1437.e11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Greenhawt M, Schultz F, DunnGalvin A. A validated index to measure health-related quality of life in patients with food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2016;137(4):1251-1253.e5.PubMedCrossRef Greenhawt M, Schultz F, DunnGalvin A. A validated index to measure health-related quality of life in patients with food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2016;137(4):1251-1253.e5.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Update on Food Protein–Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES)
verfasst von
Mary Grace Baker
M. Cecilia Berin
Scott Sicherer
Publikationsdatum
06.05.2022
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports / Ausgabe 10/2022
Print ISSN: 1529-7322
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6315
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-022-01037-y

Update HNO

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.