Background
Methods
Participants
Dipstick test and P/Cr test
Results
Number of study subjects | 1033 |
---|---|
Maternal age (yr) | 33 (16–49) |
Nulliparity | 583 (56.4 %) |
Twin pregnancy | 95 (9.2 %) |
Gestational hypertension | 73 (7.1 %) |
SPIP alone | 120 (11.6 %) |
Preeclampsia | 202 (19.6 %) |
Gestational week at delivery for singletons | 38.4 (23.7–42.3) |
Birthweight for singletons (g) | 2872 (369–4645) |
Gestational week at delivery for twins | 37 (24.3–40) |
Birthweight for twins (g) | 2282 (125–3276) |
Caesarean delivery for singletons | 433 (46.1 %) |
Caesarean delivery for twins | 82 (97.6 %) |
Total number of P/Cr testsa
| 2212 |
Number of P/Cr tests/person | 2 (1–5) |
Antenatal P/Cr testa alone | 826 (79.9 %) |
Postnatal P/Cr testa alone | 29 (2.8 %) |
Both of the above | 178 (17.2 %) |
P/Cr test | |||
---|---|---|---|
Dipstick test results | SPIP(%) | [P] (mg/dL) | [Cr] (mg/dL) |
Negative/equivocal (n = 877) | |||
SPIP present (n = 77) | 8.8 | 18.3 (4.0–323)a
| 45.0 (11.0–194)a
|
SPIP absent (n = 800) | 5.0 (0.0–50.0) | 69.5 (10.0–446) | |
Positive with 1+ (n = 934) | |||
SPIP present (n = 201) | 21.5 | 42.0 (6.0–302)a
| 71.0 (8.7–286)a
|
SPIP absent(n = 733) | 19.0 (1.0–101) | 165 (10.0–831) | |
Positive with 2+ (n = 252) | |||
SPIP present (n = 200) | 79.4 | 100 (25.0–704)a
| 105 (18.0–312)a
|
SPIP absent (n = 52) | 28.0 (1.0–119) | 202 (27.0–598) | |
Positive with 3+ (n = 149) | |||
SPIP present (n = 147) | 98.7 | 331 (12.0–6170)a
| 128 (10.0–401)a
|
SPIP absent (n = 2) | 79.5 (46.0–113) | 383 (259–507) |
Antenatal urine | Postnatal urine | |
---|---|---|
No. of specimens | 178 | 178 |
GW at sampling | 36.1 (10–41) | NA |
Days before delivery | 2.5 (0–195) | NA |
Postpartum days at sampling | NA | 5.0 (0–63) |
[P] (mg/dL) | 86 (0.0–6170) | 25.5 (1.0–648)a
|
[Cr] (mg/dL) | 100 (10–401) | 60 (8.7–297)a
|
Negative/equivocal dipstick test result | ||
No. of specimens | 43 | 89 |
[P] (mg/dL) | 8.0 (0.0–56) | 10.0 (1.0–193) |
[Cr] (mg/dL) | 68.0 (10.0–310) | 55.0 (14.0–297) |
P/Cr | 0.09 (0.0–0.71) | 0.17 (0.01–3.51) |
SPIP (P/Cr > 0.27) | 7 (16.3 %) | 25 (28.1 %) |
P/Cr test result | |||
---|---|---|---|
Reason for the first time P/Cr test | [P] | [Cr] | SPIP (P/Cr > 0.27) |
After confirmation of hypertension onset (n = 222) with following dipstick test results: | |||
Negative/equivocal (n = 77) | 9 (1–323)a
| 66 (11–194) | 14 (18 %)a
|
Positive with 1+ (n = 55) | 25 (5–314)a
| 117(20–402)a
| 26 (47 %)a
|
Positive with ≥ 2+ (n = 90) | 185 (6–3890)a
| 133 (18–533)a
| 82 (91 %)a
|
No hypertension onset (n = 806) with following dipstick test results: | |||
Negative/equivocal (n = 251) | 4 (0–60) | 63 (11–446) | 8 (3.2 %) |
Positive with 1+ (n = 425) | 19 (1–196) | 162 (10–708) | 37 (8.7 %) |
Positive with ≥ 2+ (n = 75) | 71 (1–866) | 191 (27–598) | 44 (59 %) |
Positive with 1+ at two successive visits (n = 55) | 21 (1–192) | 146 (26–364) | 9 (16 %) |