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Erschienen in: Der Urologe 3/2019

21.02.2019 | Benigne Prostatahyperplasie | Leitthema

Hartnäckige Mythen zum Thema BPS – und was davon wirklich stimmt!

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. phil. M. Oelke, T. Bschleipfer, K. Höfner

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 3/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Das benigne Prostatasyndrom (BPS) ist die vierthäufigste und fünfteuerste Erkrankung von Männern ≥50 Jahre. Obwohl die meisten Urologen zahlreiche Patienten mit BPS behandeln und evidenzbasierte Leitlinien zur Diagnostik und Therapie des BPS vorliegen, halten sich noch zahlreiche Mythen hartnäckig in der Urologie, insbesondere zur Pathophysiologie.

Ziel der Arbeit

Nennung gängiger BPS-Mythen und Darstellung der korrekten Terminologie sowie evidenzbasierten Pathophysiologie.

Material und Methoden

Kritische Betrachtung von 12 ausgewählten BPS-Mythen und Darstellung der korrekten Terminologie sowie Pathophysiologie anhand einer Literaturrecherche (PubMed).

Ergebnisse

Das durchschnittliche Prostatagewicht eines jungen, gesunden, erwachsenen Mannes beträgt zwar 20 g, variiert aber zwischen 8 und 40 g. Das BPS verläuft nicht in Stadien, weshalb die Stadieneinteilungen nach Alken oder Vahlensieck nicht mehr verwendet werden sollten. Es besteht keine feste Beziehung zwischen Blasenauslassobstruktion (BOO) und Prostatagröße, Divertikel/Pseudodivertikel, Restharn, Harnwegsinfektionen, Harnverhalt oder Nierenfunktionsstörung. Die Urethro-Zystoskopie eignet sich nicht zur BOO-Diagnostik. Kein BPS-Medikament kann die BOO relevant reduzieren. Es bestehen keine stichhaltigen Beweise, dass die Prostataresektion vollständig bis zur chirurgischen Kapsel erfolgen muss.

Diskussion

Die Ursachen für die hartnäckige Verwendung überholter Begriffe, alter oder falscher Terminologie sowie falscher pathophysiologischer Zusammenhänge beim BPS sind vielfältig. Ein Grund ist die mangelnde Umsetzung evidenzbasierter Inhalte von Leitlinien bedingt durch mangelndes Wissen, individuelle Überzeugungen, Kosten, Verfügbarkeit und Erstattungspolitik. Ein weiterer Grund ist die zunehmende Fokussierung der Urologie auf onkologische Themen verbunden mit einer unterrepräsentierten Aus- und Weiterbildung zum Thema BPS.
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Metadaten
Titel
Hartnäckige Mythen zum Thema BPS – und was davon wirklich stimmt!
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Dr. phil. M. Oelke
T. Bschleipfer
K. Höfner
Publikationsdatum
21.02.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Urologie / Ausgabe 3/2019
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-019-0885-6

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