Background
Methods
Study population and design
Short food frequency questionnaire
24-h recalls
Statistical analysis
Validity
Reproducibility
Results
Validity | Reproducibility | |
---|---|---|
N = 127 |
N = 201 | |
Mean (SD) | ||
Sex (% women) | 37.8 | 35.3 |
Age (years) | 67.4 (10.1) | 65.3 (11.8) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.0 (5.6) | 28.1 (5.5) |
CKD stage | % | |
Stage 3 | 58.3 | 56.2 |
Stage 4 | 41.7 | 43.8 |
GFR (ml/min/1.73m2)a
| Mean (SD) | |
30.9 (10.7) | 31.6 (11.8) | |
Mean (SD) | ||
With diabetes (%) | 37.8 | 39.3 |
HbA1C (%)a
| 6.3 (1.1) | 6.3 (1.1) |
Glycaemia (mmol/l)a
| 6.0 (1.7) | 6.1 (1.7) |
Area of residence | % | |
Western North | 3.9 | 6.5 |
Eastern North | 37.8 | 31.3 |
Western South | 38.6 | 35.3 |
Eastern South | 10.2 | 12.9 |
Paris and suburbs | 9.4 | 13.9 |
Distribution of 24-h recall days | Mean (SD) | |
Weekday | 4.3 (0.5) | |
Weekend | 1.7 (0.5) | |
Autumn/winter | 2.8 (0.6) | |
Spring/summer | 3.2 (0.6) |
Validity
Food groups
Daily intakes | Spearman correlation coefficients | Cross-classification of food group distributions | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24-hour recalls | SFFQ 2 | SFFQ2-24-hour recalls | SFFQ2 vs. means of six 24-hour recalls | ||||
Mean in grams (foods) or ml (beverages) (SD) | Means of differences, in grams (foods) or ml (beverages) (SD) | Unadjusted | % of subjects classified in same tertilea
| % of subjects classified in same or adjacent quintile | % of misclassified subjects | ||
Whole-grain bread and substitutesb
| 20.3 (40.3) | 29.9 (53.3) | 9.6 (64.3) |
0.15
| 48 | . | . |
White bread and substitutes | 83.3 (63.4) | 93.2 (91.7) | 9.9 (75.1) | 0.49 | 51 | 73 | 2 |
Breakfast cerealsb
| 0.9 (6.0) | 1.5 (6.1) | 0.6 (5.6) | 0.65 | 95 | . | . |
Whole-grain pasta, rice and wheatb
| 2.8 (18.4) | 20.0* (35.1) | 17.1 (32.4) | 0.19 | 50 | . | . |
White pasta, rice and wheat | 67.8 (58.9) | 43.8* (45.9) | -24.0 (56.1) | 0.39 | 47 | 66 | 2 |
Legumesb
| 7.0 (16.7) | 26.9* (44.0) | 19.8 (47.7) |
0.05
| 24 | . | . |
French fries and other fried tubersb
| 8.3 (12.2) | 11.1 (15.7) | 2.8 (18.7) |
0.17
| 34 | . | . |
Potatoes and other tubers (not fried) | 61.0 (51.9) | 52.5 (49.9) | -8.4 (62.6) | 0.22 | 42 | 66 | 6 |
Cooked vegetables | 229.2 (186.9) | 107.6* (118.0) | -121.6 (196.0) | 0.27 | 37 | 61 | 4 |
Raw vegetables | 65.8 (45.1) | 35.5* (38.4) | -30.3 (47.7) | 0.42 | 50 | 66 | 3 |
Pizza, lasagna and quicheb
| 14.9 (26.7) | 12.2 (21.0) | -2.7 (31.6) | 0.24 | 38 | . | . |
Sandwich, burgers and kebabb
| 2.8 (16.0) | 2.1 (7.1) | -0.6 (12.5) | 0.41 | 86 | . | . |
Fish fingers/ breaded meatb
| 3.5 (8.7) | 4.8 (12.4) | 1.3 (13.9) | 0.22 | 59 | . | . |
Sausages and other processed meat | 33.7 (27.7) | 23.6* (37.3) | -10.0 (40.0) | 0.31 | 41 | 65 | 4 |
Poultry/rabbit | 32.9 (28.5) | 26.3* (36.4) | -6.6 (42.8) | 0.24 | 43 | 61 | 5 |
Meat | 52.2 (37.0) | 37.1* (37.4) | -15.0 (46.9) | 0.31 | 44 | 68 | 3 |
Offalb
| 3.4 (8.6) | 2.8 (5.2) | -0.6 (9.7) |
0.10
| 62 | . | . |
Eggsb
| 11.6 (14.4) | 14.6* (13.2) | 3.0 (16.5) | 0.27 | 35 | . | . |
Fishb
| 46.1 (78.2) | 16.0* (17.5) | -30.1 (78.1) | 0.27 | 44 | . | . |
Seafood (excluding fish)b
| 9.6 (24.1) | 3.3* (5.5) | -6.3 (23.8) | 0.20 | 51 | . | . |
Milkb
| 60.6 (98.8) | 118.6* (304.4) | 58.0 (267.2) | 0.77 | 65 | . | . |
Yoghurt, fromage blanc, cottage cheese | 71.0 (64.2) | 78.6 (74.3) | 7.6 (63.7) | 0.59 | 54 | 79 | 2 |
Cream dessertb
| 11.3 (25.9) | 16.7 (31.6) | 5.4 (31.4) | 0.39 | 52 | . | . |
Cheese | 33.0 (21.7) | 30.2 (47.1) | -2.8 (47.5) | 0.43 | 50 | 68 | 3 |
Butter, crème fraîcheb
| 6.3 (7.0) | 10.3* (14.8) | 4.0 (11.4) | 0.59 | 49 | . | . |
Margarine, mayonnaiseb
| 3.7 (6.4) | 5.0* (9.8) | 1.3 (8.7) | 0.54 | 62 | . | . |
Olive oilb
| 2.5 (3.7) | 5.3* (7.0) | 2.8 (6.4) | 0.52 | 57 | . | . |
Rapeseed oil, walnut oil, mixed oilb
| 2.0 (3.0) | 2.9 (4.7) | 0.9 (4.7) | 0.53 | 50 | . | . |
Sunflower oil, groundnut oilb
| 1.3 (2.5) | 1.9 (4.5) | 0.6 (4.0) | 0.45 | 61 | . | . |
Salty snacksb
| 3.0 (6.7) | 2.9 (6.7) | -0.1 (6.7) | 0.35 | 57 | . | . |
Sweet snacks, chocolate and viennoiseriesb
| 38.6 (37.1) | 21.0* (44.5) | -17.5 (50.8) | 0.35 | 48 | . | . |
Fruit | 270.1 (157.8) | 295.9 (268.7) | 25.8 (251.3) | 0.41 | 47 | 69 | 4 |
Water | 1201.0 (481.9) | 982.2* (679.6) | -218.8 (641.7) | 0.42 | 54 | 72 | 3 |
Coffee | 267.9 (192.6) | 387.8* (472.7) | 119.9 (425.2) | 0.61 | 61 | 76 | 2 |
Tea and herb teasb
| 93.1 (183.9) | 124.3* (280.4) | 31.2 (160.2) | 0.79 | 74 | . | . |
Fruit juiceb
| 48.1 (79.6) | 108.9* (294.4) | 60.8 (272.9) | 0.61 | 61 | . | . |
Sweet beveragesb
| 19.9 (64.9) | 97.8* (500.9) | 77.8 (487.6) | 0.40 | 71 | . | . |
Artificially-sweetened beveragesb
| 18.6 (133.7) | 72.1 (432.1) | 53.5 (416.0) | 0.48 | 89 | . | . |
Wineb
| 77.8 (125.7) | 90.0 (156.7) | 12.2 (105.1) | 0.77 | 68 | . | . |
Other alcoholic beveragesb
| 40.0 (81.7) | 34.9 (94.4) | -5.1 (93.9) | 0.47 | 54 | . | . |
Nutrients
Daily intakes | Pearson correlation coefficients | Cross-classification of nutrient distribution | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24-hour recalls | SFFQ 2 | SFFQ2-24-hour recalls | SFFQ2 vs. means of six 24-hour recalls | |||||
Mean (SD) | Means of differences (SD) | Unadjusted | Energy-adjusteda
| De-attenuatedb
| % of subjects classified in same or adjacent quintile | % of misclassified subjects | ||
Energy (kcal) | 1758.7 (490.6) | 1748.1 (722.8) | -10.5 (669.5) | 0.40 | . | . | 67 | 4 |
Protein (g) | 75.1 (19.9) | 69.7* (28.0) | -5.5 (27.1) | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.46 | 68 | 2 |
Carbohydrates (g) | 196.3 (63.7) | 201.5 (102.3) | 5.2 (98.7) | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.42 | 65 | 5 |
Fat (g) | 61.5 (19.6) | 60.0 (28.3) | -1.4 (26.8) | 0.44 | 0.34 | 0.40 | 66 | 1 |
SFA (g) | 24.1 (8.6) | 23.6 (13.6) | -0.5 (12.7) | 0.47 | 0.39 | 0.47 | 66 | 1 |
MUFA (g) | 20.4 (7.0) | 21.5 (10.1) | 1.1 (9.5) | 0.43 | 0.31 | 0.39 | 69 | 2 |
PUFA (g) | 9.2 (4.3) | 8.9 (4.9) | -0.4 (5.3) | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.46 | 67 | 1 |
Cholesterol (mg) | 263.5 (98.5) | 234.2* (109.8) | -29.3 (107.5) | 0.52 | 0.44 | 0.59 | 68 | 1 |
Sugars (g) | 75.6 (29.9) | 78.3 (71.7) | 2.8 (65.9) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 65 | 7 |
Fibre (g) | 19.5 (6.3) | 18.4* (8.4) | -1.1 (8.9) | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.44 | 67 | 5 |
Alcohol (g)c
| 10.5 (15.5) | 10.7 (17.3) | 0.2 (12.4) | 0.76 | 87 | 0 | ||
Retinol (μg) | 17.9 (66.0) | 496.0* (429.8) | 478.1 (428.1) |
0.42
|
0.43
| 0.44 | 39 | 20 |
Carotene (μg) | 3372.7 (1627.2) | 2318.8* (1604.1) | -1054.0 (1888.6) | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.29 | 66 | 5 |
Vitamin B1 (mg) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.0* (0.5) | -0.1 (0.5) | 0.32 | 0.27 | 0.33 | 61 | 4 |
Vitamin B2 (mg) | 1.4 (0.5) | 1.4 (0.8) | 0.0 (0.7) | 0.36 | 0.41 | 0.47 | 66 | 5 |
Vitamin B3 (mg) | 16.6 (5.0) | 15.6 (6.8) | -1.0 (7.1) | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.29 | 62 | 3 |
Vitamin B5 (mg) | 4.5 (1.3) | 4.6 (2.3) | 0.1 (2.2) | 0.27 |
0.16
| 0.18 | 59 | 5 |
Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1.7 (0.6) | 1.5* (0.6) | -0.2 (0.8) | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.35 | 61 | 5 |
Vitamin B9 | 281.7 (90.4) | 281.1 (134.2) | -0.6 (139.0) | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.37 | 60 | 5 |
Vitamin B12 (μg)c
| 10.3 (19.2) | 5.9 (3.6) | -4.4 (19.2) | 0.31 | 60 | 3 | ||
Vitamin C (mg) | 112.2 (53.2) | 107.9* (113.7) | -4.3 (112.8) | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 63 | 7 |
Vitamin D (μg) | 9.1 (1.5) | 1.9* (1.0) | -7.2 (1.7) | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.26 | 59 | 3 |
Vitamin E (mg) | 9.3 (3.9) | 10.4 (5.8) | 1.1 (5.6) | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.52 | 73 | 1 |
Calcium (mg) | 1171.0 (338.7) | 956.9* (616.5) | -214.1 (560.6) | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.43 | 63 | 4 |
Iron (mg) | 10.8 (4.0) | 10.2 (4.5) | -0.6 (5.1) | 0.28 |
0.17
| 0.20 | 61 | 3 |
Magnesium (mg) | 307.5 (90.2) | 329.3 (152.4) | 21.8 (138.9) | 0.31 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 60 | 4 |
Zinc (mg) | 10.3 (4.1) | 8.8* (3.6) | -1.5 (4.5) | 0.33 | 0.19 | 0.24 | 66 | 5 |
Phosphorus (mg) | 1083.5 (267.9) | 1067.8 (492.5) | -15.7 (457.0) | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.39 | 69 | 6 |
Manganese (mg) | 3.3 (1.7) | 11.0* (5.1) | 7.7 (4.9) | 0.20 |
0.11
| 0.11 | 54 | 8 |
Potassium (mg) | 2959.8 (793.5) | 2983.1 (1547.5) | 23.3 (1491.1) | 0.31 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 66 | 6 |
Iodine (μg) | 121.3 (62.3) | 108.6* (52.5) | -12.7 (68.1) | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.27 | 65 | 5 |
Copper (mg) | 2.3 (1.2) | 2.3 (1.4) | 0.0 (1.6) | 0.41 | 0.37 | 0.41 | 69 | 2 |
Sodium (mg) | 5058.4 (1734.1) | 2319.3* (1066.2) | -2739.1 (1875.6) | 0.22 |
0.10
| 0.12 | 64 | 6 |
Water (g) | 2681.7 (604.0) | 2674.0 (1454.4) | -7.7 (1458.4) | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 65 | 9 |
Reproducibility
Food groups
Daily intakes | Spearman correlation coefficients | Cross-classification of food groups distribution | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SFFQ 1 | SFFQ 2 | SFFQ2-SFFQ1 | SFFQ2 vs.SFFQ1 | |||||
Mean in grams (foods) or ml (beverages) (SD) | Means of differences, in grams (foods) or ml (beverages) (SD) | Unadjusted | ICC | % of subjects classified in same tertilea
| % of subjects classified in same or adjacent quintile | % of misclassified subjects | ||
Whole-grain bread and substitutesb
| 33.2 (70.5) | 29.4 (50.7) | −3.8 (66.8) | 0.47 | 0.41 | 63 | ||
White bread and substitutes | 104.6 (103.5) | 86.4* (91.3) | −18.1 (112.0) | 0.40 | 0.34 | 52 | 73 | 1 |
Breakfast cerealsb
| 2.4 (9.2) | 2.0 (7.5) | −0.4 (7.9) | 0.63 | 0.55 | 89 | ||
Whole-grain pasta, rice and wheatb
| 23.9 (48.5) | 23.4 (38.6) | −0.5 (51.2) | 0.43 | 0.32 | 57 | ||
White pasta, rice and wheat | 53.3 (63.4) | 49.7 (57.6) | −3.6 (66.1) | 0.54 | 0.40 | 54 | 74 | 1 |
Legumesb
| 33.9 (70.5) | 27.5 (50.0) | −6.5 (84.7) | 0.46 | 0.04 | 58 | ||
French fries and other fried tubersb
| 12.0 (15.6) | 11.1 (15.1) | −0.9 (19.2) | 0.49 | 0.22 | 58 | ||
Potatoes and other tubers (not fried) | 55.5 (58.3) | 54.8 (54.2) | −0.6 (61.1) | 0.46 | 0.41 | 59 | 69 | 2 |
Cooked vegetables | 108.9 (120.2) | 102.4 (112.5) | −6.5 (97.7) | 0.64 | 0.65 | 62 | 80 | 1 |
Raw vegetables | 40.8 (40.6) | 38.1 (45.8) | −2.6 (42.0) | 0.54 | 0.53 | 63 | 74 | 1 |
Pizza, lasagna and quicheb
| 13.2 (19.2) | 12.7 (19.0) | −0.5 (20.2) | 0.55 | 0.44 | 56 | ||
Sandwich, burgers and kebabb
| 7.0 (21.3) | 4.2* (11.5) | −2.8 (19.6) | 0.70 | 0.35 | 82 | ||
Fish fingers/breaded meatb
| 8.4 (25.5) | 5.9 (13.4) | −2.6 (28.5) | 0.47 | 0.02 | 64 | ||
Sausages and other processed meatb
| 20.2 (26.7) | 23.5 (39.0) | 3.3 (37.7) | 0.63 | 0.36 | 63 | ||
Poultry/rabbit | 32.4 (53.1) | 30.8 (50.8) | −1.6 (41.0) | 0.50 | 0.69 | 51 | 74 | 2 |
Meat | 45.3 (47.8) | 39.2 (40.2) | −6.1 (49.6) | 0.50 | 0.37 | 61 | 75 | 5 |
Offalb
| 4.2 (8.0) | 3.5* (12.3) | −0.7 (13.7) | 0.47 | 0.13 | 69 | ||
Eggs | 21.1 (26.5) | 16.5* (17.9) | −4.5 (24.5) | 0.55 | 0.41 | 49 | 75 | 1 |
Fish | 16.4 (15.4) | 16.6 (17.8) | 0.1 (18.4) | 0.49 | 0.39 | 50 | 73 | 1 |
Seafood (excluding fish)b
| 5.2 (11.8) | 3.2 (5.3) | −1.9 (11.7) | 0.57 | 0.18 | 64 | ||
Milkb
| 99.0 (169.4) | 96.3 (248.8) | −2.8 (196.4) | 0.77 | 0.57 | 81 | ||
Yoghurt, fromage blanc, cottage cheese | 93.8 (99.0) | 84.0 (82.1) | −9.8 (88.0) | 0.63 | 0.53 | 70 | 84 | 1 |
Cream dessertb
| 16.7 (34.8) | 20.2 (42.9) | 3.5 (40.7) | 0.72 | 0.46 | 72 | ||
Cheese | 26.1 (25.2) | 26.6 (40.0) | 0.5 (40.4) | 0.54 | 0.27 | 60 | 77 | 3 |
Butter, crème fraîcheb
| 11.9 (16.3) | 11.6 (18.7) | −0.4 (18.9) | 0.58 | 0.42 | 56 | ||
Margarine, mayonnaiseb
| 5.4 (11.5) | 4.7 (10.3) | −0.6 (8.0) | 0.62 | 0.73 | 63 | ||
Olive oilb
| 7.0 (9.9) | 5.6 (7.2) | −1.4 (8.6) | 0.63 | 0.51 | 66 | ||
Rapeseed oil, walnut oil, mixed oilb
| 3.8 (7.0) | 3.5 (6.5) | −0.4 (7.9) | 0.61 | 0.32 | 64 | ||
Sunflower oil, groundnut oilb
| 2.3 (5.1) | 1.8 (4.5) | −0.4 (3.5) | 0.53 | 0.73 | 66 | ||
Salty snacksb
| 3.1 (6.3) | 2.8 (5.2) | −0.3 (6.4) | 0.54 | 0.38 | 61 | ||
Sweet snacks, chocolate and viennoiseriesb
| 27.8 (82.6) | 19.5 (38.6) | −8.4 (75.3) | 0.53 | 0.32 | 55 | ||
Fruit | 313.7 (272.7) | 292.7* (283.1) | −21.1 (319.4) | 0.51 | 0.34 | 59 | 75 | 2 |
Water | 934.8 (625.7) | 971.1 (672.8) | 36.4 (670.8) | 0.46 | 0.47 | 55 | 75 | 3 |
Coffee | 381.7 (443.6) | 366.6 (428.5) | −15.1 (406.1) | 0.71 | 0.57 | 64 | 83 | 1 |
Tea and herb teasb
| 137.2 (311.7) | 113.0 (250.7) | −24.2 (260.4) | 0.79 | 0.58 | 76 | ||
Fruit juiceb
| 93.2 (177.0) | 103.4 (246.3) | 10.2 (256.6) | 0.59 | 0.28 | 63 | ||
Sweet beveragesb
| 77.0 (242.4) | 98.1 (441.1) | 21.0 (404.4) | 0.51 | 0.35 | 75 | ||
Artificially-sweetened beveragesb
| 90.2 (379.3) | 71.7* (363.3) | −18.5 (427.1) | 0.59 | 0.34 | 81 | ||
Wineb
| 94.3 (197.5) | 81.4 (143.2) | −12.9 (127.5) | 0.86 | 0.73 | 84 | ||
Other alcoholic beveragesb
| 45.2 (180.3) | 30.4 (78.5) | -14.8 (155.3) | 0.71 | 0.38 | 71 |
Nutrients
Daily intakes | Pearson correlation coefficients | Cross-classification of nutrient distribution | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SFFQ 1 | SFFQ 2 | SFFQ2-SFFQ1 | SFFQ2 vs.SFFQ1 | |||||
Mean (SD) | Means of differences (SD) | Unadjusted | Energy-adjusteda
| ICC | % of subjects classified in same or adjacent quintiles | % of misclassified subjects | ||
Energy (kcal) | 1938.8 (808.9) | 1745.6* (681.0) | −193.3 (801.1) | 0.50 | 0.43 | 75 | 2 | |
Protein (g) | 77.9 (33.8) | 70.8* (29.4) | −7.1 (32.7) | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.47 | 71 | 2 |
Carbohydrates (g) | 221.7 (110.1) | 199.5* (94.9) | −22.2 (118.9) | 0.42 | 0.39 | 0.33 | 74 | 4 |
Fat (g) | 67.1 (34.0) | 61.0* (28.5) | −6.2 (30.7) | 0.58 | 0.49 | 0.52 | 76 | 1 |
SFA (g) | 25.3 (14.4) | 23.5* (13.5) | −1.7 (13.8) | 0.59 | 0.49 | 0.51 | 76 | 2 |
MUFA (g) | 24.7 (13.2) | 22.1* (10.6) | −2.6 (11.5) | 0.59 | 0.53 | 0.54 | 75 | 1 |
PUFA (g) | 10.2 (6.0) | 9.0* (5.4) | −1.1 (5.4) | 0.56 | 0.57 | 0.55 | 77 | 2 |
Cholesterol (mg) | 278.7 (174.1) | 248.0* (134.8) | −30.7 (157.3) | 0.54 | 0.48 | 0.49 | 79 | 1 |
Sugars (g) | 80.3 (51.7) | 77.0* (63.7) | −3.3 (65.6) | 0.54 | 0.48 | 0.36 | 79 | 2 |
Fibre (g) | 20.5 (10.1) | 18.3* (8.7) | −2.1 (10.9) | 0.39 | 0.43 | 0.33 | 72 | 3 |
Alcohol (g)b
| 11.8 (23.2) | 9.6 (15.5) | −2.2 (16.3) | 0.90 | 0.66 | 97 | 0 | |
Retinol (μg) | 572.3 (505.2) | 534.5* (750.5) | −37.8 (820.0) | 0.48 | 0.46 | 0.18 | 81 | 4 |
Carotene (μg) | 2467.3 (1742.6) | 2308.5 (1618.7) | −158.8 (1474.7) | 0.58 | 0.56 | 0.62 | 79 | 2 |
Vitamin B1 (mg) | 1.0 (0.4) | 1.0* (0.5) | −0.1 (0.5) | 0.49 | 0.35 | 0.48 | 67 | 2 |
Vitamin B2 (mg) | 1.6 (0.7) | 1.4* (0.7) | −0.1 (0.7) | 0.54 | 0.41 | 0.53 | 76 | 2 |
Vitamin B3 (mg) | 17.6 (8.3) | 16.2* (7.8) | −1.4 (8.2 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.48 | 72 | 4 |
Vitamin B5 (mg) | 5.2 (2.1) | 4.7* (2.2) | −0.5 (2.2) | 0.49 | 0.37 | 0.49 | 73 | 3 |
Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1.6 (0.7) | 1.5* (0.6) | −0.1 (0.7) | 0.47 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 73 | 4 |
Vitamin B9 | 307.4 (130.2) | 282.2* (131.8) | −25.3 (138.5) | 0.47 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 73 | 3 |
Vitamin B12 (μg) | 7.2 (5.2) | 6.3* (4.9) | −0.9 (6.3) | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.23 | 79 | 2 |
Vitamin C (mg) | 107.0 (72.6) | 105.6 (98.7) | −1.4 (100.7) | 0.47 | 0.43 | 0.32 | 76 | 2 |
Vitamin D (μg) | 2.1 (1.1) | 2.0 (1.0) | −0.1 (1.2) | 0.53 | 0.55 | 0.38 | 75 | 2 |
Vitamin E (mg) | 12.2 (7.5) | 10.7* (6.6) | −1.5 (6.5) | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.58 | 78 | 1 |
Calcium (mg) | 962.2 (413.4) | 908.0* (527.2) | −54.3 (456.2) | 0.61 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 81 | 0 |
Iron (mg) | 11.6 (5.6) | 10.2* (4.5) | −1.3 (5.5) | 0.46 | 0.37 | 0.42 | 71 | 1 |
Magnesium (mg) | 353.2 (140.2) | 325.8* (141.1) | −27.4 (146.4) | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 70 | 3 |
Zinc (mg) | 9.8 (4.5) | 8.8* (3.6) | −1.0 (4.4) | 0.52 | 0.49 | 0.42 | 74 | 2 |
Phosphorus (mg) | 1155.5 (471.3) | 1058.8* (450.7) | −96.7 (473.2) | 0.55 | 0.52 | 0.47 | 79 | 2 |
Manganese (mg) | 11.8 (4.7) | 10.9* (4.7) | −0.9 (4.9) | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 71 | 3 |
Potassium (mg) | 3147.4 (1217.2) | 2934.6* (1403.5) | −212.7 (1388.9) | 0.50 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 74 | 1 |
Iodine (μg) | 120.5 (58.0) | 108.1* (47.6) | −12.4 (52.5) | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.51 | 79 | 2 |
Copper (mg) | 2.5 (1.4) | 2.3* (1.4) | −0.2 (1.5) | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.44 | 70 | 1 |
Sodium (mg) | 2552.0 (1164.6) | 2290.1* (1057.8) | −261.9 (1227.0) | 0.42 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 67 | 3 |
Water (g) | 2688.6 (1222.6) | 2608.9 (1287.2) | −79.7 (1299.2) | 0.53 | 0.44 | 0.46 | 70 | 2 |