Variables and protocols of the tethered swimming method: a systematic review
- 18.11.2023
- Research
Erschienen in:
- Verfasst von
- Marcos Franken
- Karla de Jesus
- Kelly de Jesus
- Flávio A. de Souza Castro
- Erschienen in
- Sport Sciences for Health | Ausgabe 2/2024
Abstract
Background
The tethered swimming (TS) is an ergometer where swimming is simulated in an ecological environment, commonly used for assessing force in water.
Objective
This systematic review aims at a critical appraise of the literature on the biomechanical and physiological variables obtained from many protocols and tests assessing force–time curve in TS.
Methods
We explored the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Academic Search Premier (PROSPERO protocol CRD42020204826), and manually searched the reference papers list. Observational studies with swimming protocols and tests were included (with any follow-up and published in the full version). The following exclusion criteria would be used, but they were not necessary, as no case met these criteria. Our search was based on the adapted Downs and Black Quality Assessment Checklist.
Results
In total, 55 articles were examined extensively for fitting the established inclusion criteria. Quality of the articles included ranged from 35.7 to 85.7% (65.7 ± 13.3%). Most studies addressing TS were assessed [peak = 41 and average force = 39], whereas only a very few studies referred to measures of [force impulse = 21, fatigue index = 11, force development rate = 5], and physiological variables [oxygen consumption = 10, blood lactate concentration = 8, and heart rate = 6]. The studies were carried out with durations of 10 s, 15 s, 20 s, 25 s, 30 s, 55 s, 1, 2, or 3 min, related to the duration to perform 10 and 20 complete strokes in front crawl swimming technique.
Conclusion
Based on the general results of this systematic review, the impulse seems to be the most reliable measure and presented linear correlation with swimming speed. In contrast, the TS physiological responses show compatibility for the aerobic response, critical force, and maximal oxygen uptake determination.
Anzeige
- Titel
- Variables and protocols of the tethered swimming method: a systematic review
- Verfasst von
-
Marcos Franken
Karla de Jesus
Kelly de Jesus
Flávio A. de Souza Castro
- Publikationsdatum
- 18.11.2023
- Verlag
- Springer Milan
- Erschienen in
-
Sport Sciences for Health / Ausgabe 2/2024
Print ISSN: 1824-7490
Elektronische ISSN: 1825-1234 - DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-023-01140-1
Dieser Inhalt ist nur sichtbar, wenn du eingeloggt bist und die entsprechende Berechtigung hast.
