Background
Materials and methods
Study participants
SNPs selection and genotyping
Statistical analyses
Results
The basic characteristics of study subjects
Variables | Cases (n = 199) | Controls (n = 200) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Sex N | 0.966b | ||
Male | 115 | 116 | |
Female | 84 | 84 | |
Age, years (mean ± SD) | 41.15 ± 12.934 | 41.20 ± 8.662 | 0.961a |
Clinical stages | |||
Stage II | 47 | ||
Stage III | 94 | ||
Stage IV | 58 | ||
Hip lesions | |||
unilateral | 59 | ||
bilateral | 140 | ||
TC (mmol/L) | 4.50 ± 0.923 | 4.54 ± 0.814 | 0.703 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.84 ± 1.455 | 1.76 ± 1.076 | 0.569 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.07 ± 0.269 | 1.15 ± 0.214 | 0.000a |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.64 ± 0.765 | 2.56 ± 0.728 | 0.285 |
TC/HDL-C | 4.41 ± 1.178 | 4.04 ± 0.856 | 0.000a |
TG/HDL-C | 1.94 ± 1.930 | 1.64 ± 1.149 | 0.059 |
LDL-C/HDL-C | 2.58 ± 0.821 | 2.30 ± 0.767 | 0.001a |
The associations between RETN SNPs and steroid-induced ONFH
SNP ID | Gene | Band | Alleles A/B | MAF | HWE-pa | OR (95% CI) | pb value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case | Control | |||||||
rs7408174 | RETN | 19 | C/T | 0.265 | 0.233 | 0.556 | 1.19(0.86–1.64) | 0.287 |
rs34861192 | RETN | 19 | A/G | 0.136 | 0.198 | 0.654 | 0.64(0.44–0.93) | 0.019* |
rs34124816 | RETN | 19 | A/C | 0.075 | 0.100 | 1.000 | 0.73(0.45–1.20) | 0.219 |
rs3219175 | RETN | 19 | A/G | 0.132 | 0.200 | 0.659 | 0.61(0.42–0.89) | 0.010* |
rs3745367 | RETN | 19 | A/G | 0.324 | 0.390 | 0.882 | 0.75(0.56–1.00) | 0.052 |
rs3745368 | RETN | 19 | A/G | 0.113 | 0.171 | 1.000 | 0.62(0.41–0.93) | 0.020* |
rs3745369 | RETN | 19 | C/G | 0.303 | 0.337 | 0.636 | 0.85(0.63–1.15) | 0.305 |
rs1477341 | RETN | 19 | A/T | 0.405 | 0.480 | 0.479 | 0.74(0.56–0.98) | 0.036* |
Associations between genotype frequencies and steroid-induced ONFH risk
SNP ID | Model | Genotype | Control | Case | OR (95% CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs34861192 | Codominant | GG | 130 | 146 | 1 | |
AG | 61 | 52 | 0.76(0.49–1.18) | 0.220 | ||
AA | 9 | 1 | 0.10(0.01–0.79) | 0.029* | ||
Dominant | GG | 130 | 146 | 1 | ||
AG-AA | 70 | 53 | 0.67(0.44–1.03) | 0.071 | ||
Recessive | GG-AG | 191 | 198 | 1 | ||
AA | 9 | 1 | 0.11(0.01–0.85) | 0.035* | ||
Log-additive | – | – | – | 0.63(0.43–0.93) | 0.019* | |
rs3219175 | Codominant | GG | 129 | 146 | 1 | |
AG | 62 | 50 | 0.71(0.46–1.11) | 0.133 | ||
AA | 9 | 1 | 0.10(0.01–0.79) | 0.029* | ||
Dominant | GG | 129 | 146 | 1 | ||
AG-AA | 71 | 51 | 0.63(0.41–0.98) | 0.038* | ||
Recessive | GG-AG | 191 | 196 | 1 | ||
AA | 9 | 1 | 0.11(0.01–0.86) | 0.036* | ||
Log-additive | – | – | – | 0.60(0.41–0.88) | 0.010* | |
rs3745368 | Codominant | GG | 137 | 156 | 1 | |
AG | 56 | 41 | 0.64(0.40–1.02) | 0.059 | ||
AA | 6 | 2 | 0.29(0.06–1.45) | 0.131 | ||
Dominant | GG | 137 | 156 | 1 | ||
AG-AA | 62 | 43 | 0.61(0.38–0.95) | 0.030* | ||
Recessive | GG-AG | 193 | 197 | 1 | ||
AA | 6 | 2 | 0.32(0.06–1.63) | 0.170 | ||
Log-additive | – | – | – | 0.61(0.41–0.92) | 0.019* | |
rs1477341 | Codominant | TT | 51 | 68 | 1 | |
AT | 105 | 90 | 0.64(0.41–1.02) | 0.059 | ||
AA | 43 | 32 | 0.56(0.31–1.00) | 0.051 | ||
Dominant | TT | 51 | 68 | 1 | ||
AT-AA | 148 | 122 | 0.62(0.40–0.96) | 0.030* | ||
Recessive | TT-AT | 156 | 158 | 1 | ||
AA | 43 | 32 | 0.74(0.44–1.23) | 0.239 | ||
Log-additive | – | – | – | 0.73(0.55–0.98) | 0.036* |
Relationship between RETN SNPs and clinical features of steroid-induced ONFH
SNP | Genotype | Gender | p | Hip lesions | p | Clinical stages | p | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Unilateral | Bilateral | Stage II | Stage III | Stage IV | |||||
rs7408174 | CC | 8 | 6 | 0.775 | 5 | 9 | 0.285 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 0.694 |
CT | 42 | 35 | 18 | 59 | 19 | 39 | 19 | ||||
TT | 64 | 43 | 36 | 71 | 24 | 50 | 33 | ||||
rs34861192 | AA | 0 | 1 | 0.465 | 0 | 1 | 0.547 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.193 |
AG | 29 | 23 | 18 | 34 | 15 | 28 | 9 | ||||
GG | 86 | 60 | 41 | 105 | 32 | 65 | 49 | ||||
rs34124816 | AA | 94 | 77 | 0.105 | 51 | 120 | 0.650 | 41 | 78 | 52 | 0.557 |
CA | 20 | 6 | 8 | 18 | 6 | 14 | 6 | ||||
CC | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
rs3219175 | AA | 0 | 1 | 0.470 | 0 | 1 | 0.592 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.216 |
AG | 28 | 22 | 17 | 33 | 15 | 26 | 9 | ||||
GG | 86 | 60 | 41 | 105 | 31 | 66 | 49 | ||||
rs3745367 | AA | 12 | 9 | 0.775 | 3 | 18 | 0.263 | 3 | 14 | 4 | 0.049* |
AG | 48 | 39 | 27 | 60 | 24 | 44 | 19 | ||||
GG | 55 | 36 | 29 | 62 | 20 | 36 | 35 | ||||
rs3745368 | AA | 1 | 1 | 0.308 | 0 | 2 | 0.650 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.613 |
AG | 28 | 13 | 12 | 29 | 9 | 21 | 11 | ||||
GG | 86 | 70 | 47 | 109 | 38 | 71 | 47 | ||||
rs3745369 | CC | 8 | 6 | 0.876 | 4 | 10 | 0.059 | 2 | 11 | 1 | 0.161 |
CG | 50 | 40 | 20 | 70 | 20 | 41 | 29 | ||||
GG | 54 | 37 | 35 | 56 | 24 | 41 | 26 | ||||
rs1477341 | AA | 24 | 8 | 0.063 | 9 | 23 | 0.809 | 6 | 21 | 5 | 0.090 |
AT | 48 | 42 | 25 | 65 | 21 | 43 | 26 | ||||
TT | 35 | 33 | 22 | 46 | 17 | 25 | 26 |
SNP | Genotype | TC (mmol/L) | TG (mmol/L) | HDL-C (mmol/L) | LDL-C (mmol/L) | TC/HDL-C | TG/HDL-C | LDL-C/HDL-C |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs34861192 | AA(n = 1) | 4.84 | 2.91 | 1.08 | 2.61 | 4.48 | 2.69 | 2.42 |
AG(n = 52) | 4.71 ± 0.93 | 1.97 ± 1.32 | 1.05 ± 0.27 | 2.75 ± 0.77 | 4.72 ± 2.48 | 2.13 ± 1.79 | 2.75 ± 0.86 | |
GG(n = 146) | 4.43 ± 0.91 | 1.78 ± 1.50 | 1.07 ± 0.27 | 2.60 ± 0.76 | 4.30 ± 1.15 | 1.87 ± 1.98 | 2.52 ± 0.81 | |
p | 0.156 | 0.551 | 0.073 | 0.587 | 0.090 | 0.653 | 0.670 | |
rs3219175 | AA (n = 1) | 4.84 | 2.91 | 1.08 | 2.61 | 4.48 | 2.69 | 2.42 |
AG (n = 50) | 4.75 ± 0.93 | 2.01 ± 1.33 | 1.05 ± 0.28 | 2.77 ± 0.78 | 4.76 ± 1.23 | 2.17 ± 1.82 | 2.77 ± 0.87 | |
GG (n = 146) | 4.42 ± 0.91 | 1.78 ± 1.50 | 1.07 ± 0.27 | 2.59 ± 0.76 | 4.29 ± 1.15 | 1.87 ± 1.98 | 2.51 ± 0.80 | |
p | 0.097 | 0.492 | 0.835 | 0.356 | 0.058 | 0.587 | 0.152 | |
rs3745368 | AA (n = 2) | 4.11 ± 0.64 | 1.13 ± 0.01 | 1.14 ± 0.23 | 2.20 ± 0.80 | 4.38 ± 1.67 | 1.18 ± 0.26 | 2.40 ± 1.37 |
AG (n = 41) | 4.37 ± 0.95 | 1.76 ± 1.61 | 1.04 ± 0.22 | 2.56 ± 0.81 | 4.35 ± 1.23 | 1.92 ± 2.24 | 2.55 ± 0.88 | |
GG (n = 156) | 4.54 ± 0.91 | 1.87 ± 1.42 | 1.07 ± 0.28 | 2.66 ± 0.76 | 4.43 ± 1.17 | 1.96 ± 1.86 | 2.59 ± 0.80 | |
p | 0.453 | 0.722 | 0.718 | 0.531 | 0.927 | 0.853 | 0.912 | |
rs1477341 | AA(n = 32) | 2.00 ± 1.40 | 4.41 ± 0.82 | 1.01 ± 0.22 | 2.50 ± 0.71 | 4.52 ± 1.15 | 2.17 ± 1.69 | 2.56 ± 0.84 |
AT(n = 90) | 1.96 ± 1.47 | 4.57 ± 0.94 | 1.04 ± 0.25 | 2.71 ± 0.78 | 4.58 ± 1.16 | 2.10 ± 1.98 | 2.70 ± 0.79 | |
TT(n = 68) | 1.62 ± 1.53 | 4.45 ± 0.97 | 1.13 ± 0.30 | 2.58 ± 0.78 | 4.12 ± 1.19 | 1.65 ± 2.06 | 2.39 ± 0.84 | |
p | 0.302 | 0.588 | 0.049* | 0.315 | 0.049* | 0.292 | 0.066 |