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Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition 1/2020

17.01.2019 | Original Contribution

Vegetable diversity in relation with subclinical atherosclerosis and 15-year atherosclerotic vascular disease deaths in older adult women

verfasst von: Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Joshua R. Lewis, Catherine P. Bondonno, Marc Sim, Amanda Devine, Kun Zhu, Wai H. Lim, Richard J. Woodman, Lawrence J. Beilin, Peter L. Thompson, Richard L. Prince, Jonathan M. Hodgson

Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition | Ausgabe 1/2020

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Abstract

Purpose

Increasing vegetable intake and diversity are recommended to maintain better health. Evidence for the health benefits of vegetable diversity, separate from total intake, is scarce. We aimed to investigate the associations of vegetable diversity with subclinical measures of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) mortality.

Methods

Vegetable diversity was assessed within a validated food frequency questionnaire using a single question, ‘How many different vegetables do you usually consume each day (< 1 to ≥ 6 per day)’. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to examine the association between vegetable diversity and ASVD mortality in 1226 women aged ≥ 70 years without clinical ASVD or diabetes mellitus at baseline (1998). In 2001, B-mode ultrasonography was used to measure common carotid artery intima–media thickness (CCA-IMT) (n = 954) and carotid plaque severity (n = 968).

Results

Over 15 years (15,947 person-years) of follow-up, 238 ASVD-related deaths were recorded. For each additional different vegetable consumed per day, there was 17% lower hazard for ASVD mortality (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.78, 0.93, P = 0.001); a 1.7% lower mean CCA-IMT (B ± SE: − 0.013 ± 0.004, P < 0.001); and a 1.8% lower maximum CCA-IMT (B ± SE: − 0.017 ± 0.004, P < 0.001). Further adjustment for total vegetable intake attenuated the association between vegetable diversity and ASVD mortality (P = 0.114), but not CCA-IMT (P = 0.024). No association was observed between vegetable diversity and carotid plaque severity (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Vegetable diversity may contribute to benefits in lowering risk of ASVD in older women. The reduction in risk is partly explained by increased total vegetable consumption.

Clinical trial registry

The Perth Longitudinal Study of Aging in Women (PLSAW) trial registration ID is ACTRN12617000640303. This study was retrospectively registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry at http://​www.​anzctr.​org.​au.
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Metadaten
Titel
Vegetable diversity in relation with subclinical atherosclerosis and 15-year atherosclerotic vascular disease deaths in older adult women
verfasst von
Lauren C. Blekkenhorst
Joshua R. Lewis
Catherine P. Bondonno
Marc Sim
Amanda Devine
Kun Zhu
Wai H. Lim
Richard J. Woodman
Lawrence J. Beilin
Peter L. Thompson
Richard L. Prince
Jonathan M. Hodgson
Publikationsdatum
17.01.2019
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
European Journal of Nutrition / Ausgabe 1/2020
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-01902-z

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