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Erschienen in: Die Psychotherapie 1/2021

10.12.2020 | Adipositas | Schwerpunkt: Adipositas – Übersichten

Adipositas und psychische Komorbidität: therapeutische Implikationen

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Anja Hilbert

Erschienen in: Die Psychotherapie | Ausgabe 1/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Die Adipositas geht im Erwachsenenalter oft mit psychischer Komorbidität einher, die den Gewichtsreduktionserfolg beeinflussen und eine Behandlung indizieren kann, die von Standardprogrammen der multimodalen Adipositasverhaltenstherapie (AVT) nicht abgedeckt wird. Dieser Artikel diskutiert am Beispiel der häufig komorbiden Binge-Eating-Störung (BES) aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse zu Ätiologie und Intervention bei Komorbidität mit dem Ziel, Implikationen für die weitere Forschung und Behandlung abzuleiten. Die Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (KVT), die am besten belegte Therapieform für Erwachsene mit BES, war der AVT bei der Reduktion der Essstörungssymptomatik überlegen und bei der Gewichtsreduktion nur tendenziell und ausschließlich kurzfristig unterlegen. Daher sollte sich die weitere Interventionsentwicklung auf graduelle Anpassungen der KVT zur Verbesserung der Gewichtsreduktion bei Patienten mit Adipositas und BES konzentrieren. Hierfür kommen mit dem Ziel einer geringfügigen Gewichtsreduktion einzelne adaptierte AVT-Interventionen in Betracht, während sich gleichzeitige oder sequenzielle Kombinationen dieser beiden Therapieformen nicht eindeutig bewährt haben. Interventionen, die auf aktuellen Forschungsergebnissen für die Komorbidität beider Störungsbilder fußen, könnten individualisiert einbezogen werden, um die Wirksamkeit für Essstörungssymptomatik und Körpergewicht zu erhöhen. Neue digitale Behandlungsmodalitäten könnten den Transfer in den Lebensalltag und die Nachhaltigkeit der Effekte fördern. Diese Modifikationen hin zu einer adaptiven KVT für Erwachsene mit Adipositas und BES, basierend auf einem patientengerechten Therapierational, bedürfen der Absicherung durch weitere experimentelle Therapieforschung.
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Metadaten
Titel
Adipositas und psychische Komorbidität: therapeutische Implikationen
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Anja Hilbert
Publikationsdatum
10.12.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Psychotherapie / Ausgabe 1/2021
Print ISSN: 2731-7161
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-717X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-020-00480-4

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