Background
Methods
Search strategy
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Data extraction and quality assessment
Statistical analysis
Results
Study characteristics
Study author | Year | Country | Ethnicity | Sex cases/controls | Total cases/control | Age case/control (Mean) | Genotyping method | Quality score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FokI (rs2228570) | ||||||||
Ban et al. [33] | 2001 | Japan | Asian | M = 50/60 F = 100/150 | 108 / 250 | 26.0 ± 3.8 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Fassbender et al. [34] | 2002 | Germany | European | M = 42/33 F = 27/30 | 75 / 57 | 34.1 ± 11.1 / 33.5 ± 10.1 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Gyorffy et al. [35] | 2002 | Hungary | European | M = 57/50 F = 53/50 | 107 / 103 | 23.5 ± 5.11 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Turpeinen (Turku) et al. [36] | 2003 | Finland | European | M = NR F=NR | 274 / 808 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 8 |
Turpeinen (Tampere) et al. [36] | 2003 | Finland | European | M = NR F=NR | 55 / 457 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 8 |
Turpeinen (Oulu) et al. [36] | 2003 | Finland | European | M = NR F=NR | 249 / 795 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 8 |
Audi (barcellona) et al. [37] | 2004 | Spain | European | M = 69/86 F = 153/122 | 155 / 275 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 7 |
Audi (navarra) et al. [37] | 2004 | Spain | European | M = 40/46 F = 58/58 | 86 / 116 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 7 |
San Pedro et al. [38] | 2005 | Spain | European | M = NR F=NR | 71 / 88 | 14.5 ± 9.9 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Zemunik et al. [39] | 2005 | Croatia | European | M = 72/62 F=NR | 134 / 232 | 8.6 ± 4.3 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Capoluongo et al. [40] | 2006 | Italy | European | M = 135/111 F = 135/111 | 246 / 246 | 39.3 ± 11.1 / 39.6 ± 9.1 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Lemos et al. [41] | 2008 | Portugal | European | M = 113/94 F = 143/106 | 207 / 249 | 27.5 ± 10.2 / 36.8 ± 13.8 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Israni et al. [42] | 2009 | India | Asian | M = 131/135 F = 116/81 | 236 / 197 | 15.1 ± 7.30 / 30.1 ± 10.2 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Mory et al. [43] | 2009 | Brazil | American | M = NR F=NR | 177 / 182 | 17.2 ± 5.4 / 12.2 ± 8.1 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Panierakis et al. [15] | 2009 | Greece | European | M = NR F = 52/44 | 100 / 96 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 6 |
Yavuz et al. [44] | 2011 | turkey | European | M = 60/57 F = 73/61 | 117 / 134 | 27.6 ± 7.3 / 26.2 ± 5.3 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Yokota et al. [45] | 2012 | Japan | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 108 / 220 | NR / NR | NR | 7 |
Bonakdaran et al. [46] | 2012 | Iran | Asian | M = 28/41 F = 19/26 | 69 / 45 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Sahin et al. [47] | 2012 | Turkey | European | M = NR F=NR | 85 / 80 | NR / NR | NR | 6 |
Mohammadnejad et al. [48] | 2012 | Iran | Asian | M = 32/55 F = 50/50 | 87 / 100 | 27.93 ± 10.86 / 28.58 ± 7.40 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Vedralova et al. [49] | 2012 | Czech | European | M = NR F=NR | 116 / 113 | 67.0 ± 12.44 / 45.0 ± 7.31 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Greer et al. [50] | 2012 | Australia | Australian | M = NR F=NR | 50 / 55 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Hamed et al. [51] | 2013 | Egypt | African | M = 64/68 F = 18/22 | 132 / 40 | 8.5 ± 3.3 / 9.0 ± 1.5 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Abd-Allah et al. [52] | 2014 | Egypt | African | M = 42/78 F = 42/78 | 120 / 120 | 11.7 ± 2.8 / 11.1 ± 2.6 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Kafoury et al. [53] | 2014 | Egypt | African | M = 25/35 F=NR | 60 / 60 | 11.2 ± 3.7 / 27.2 ± 6.4 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Nasreen et al. [54] | 2016 | Pakistan | Asian | M = 25/19 F = 23/21 | 44 / 44 | 14.81 ± 2.7 / 17.92 ± 2.8 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Mukhtar et al. [55] | 2017 | Pakistan | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 102 / 100 | 13/2 / 13/8 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Ali et al. [56] | 2018 | Saudi Arabia | Asian | M = 54/46 F = 43/59 | 100 / 102 | 10.33 ± 3.15 / > 35 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Rasoul et al. [57] | 2019 | Kuwait | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 253 / 214 | 8.5 ± 5.5 / 8.9 ± 5.2 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
TaqI (rs731236) | ||||||||
Chang et al. [58] | 2000 | China | Asian | M = 71/86 F = 156/92 | 157 /248 | 23.5 ± 5.11 / 32.4 ± 6.6 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Fassbender et al. [34] | 2002 | Germany | European | M = 57/50 F = 53/50 | 75 /57 | 5.8 ± 2.3 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Gyorffy et al. [35] | 2002 | Hungary, | European | M = 57/50 F = 53/50 | 107 / 103 | 23.5 ± 5.11 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Skrabic et al. [59] | 2003 | Croatia | European | M = 72/62 F = 60/72 | 134 / 132 | 8.69 ± 4.3 / 8.24 ± 4.9 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Bianco et al. [60] | 2004 | Italy | European | M = NR F=NR | 31 / 36 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
San Pedro et al. [38] | 2005 | Spain | European | M = NR F=NR | 71 / 88 | 14.5 ± 9.9 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Garcia et al. [61] | 2007 | Chile | American | M = 120/96 F = 106/97 | 216 / 203 | 9.3 ± 4.2 / 10.3 ± 2.5 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Lemos et al. [41] | 2008 | Portugal | European | M = NR F=NR | 205 / 232 | 27.5 ± 10.2 / 36.8 ± 13.8 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Israni et al. [42] | 2009 | India | Asian | M = 131/135 F = 116/81 | 236 / 197 | 15.1 ± 7.30 / 30.1 ± 10.2 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Panierakis et al. [15] | 2009 | Greece | European | M = NR F = 52/44 | 100 / 96 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 6 |
Yavuz et al. [44] | 2011 | Turkey | European | M = 60/57 F = 73/61 | 117 / 134 | 27.6 ± 7.3 / 26.2 ± 5.3 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Bonakdaran et al. [46] | 2012 | Iran | Asian | M = 28/41 F = 19/26 | 69 / 45 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Mohammadnejad et al. [48] | 2012 | Iran | Asian | M = 32/55 F = 50/50 | 87 / 100 | 27.93 ± 10.86 / 28.58 ± 7.40 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Greer et al. [50] | 2012 | Australia | Australian | M = NR F=NR | 50 / 55 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Abd-Allah et al. [52] | 2014 | Egypt | African | M = 42/78 F = 42/78 | 120 / 120 | 11.7 ± 2.8 / 11.1 ± 2.6 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Cheon et al. [62] | 2015 | Korea | Asian | M = 35/46 F = 53/60 | 81 / 113 | 10.28 ± 3.73 / 9.98 ± 3.56 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Khalid et al. [63] | 2016 | Saudi Arabia | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 100 / 50 | 11.48 ± 3.39 / 9.50 ± 4.23 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Iyer et al. [64] | 2017 | Saudi Arabia | Asian | M = 25/25 F = 25/25 | 50 / 50 | 25.37 ± 4.07 / 23.44 ± 5.38 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Rasoul et al. [57] | 2019 | Kuwait | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 253 / 214 | 8.5 ± 5.5 / 8.9 ± 5.2 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Ahmed et al. [65] | 2019 | Egypt | African | M = 24/25 F = 26/25 | 50 / 50 | 11.16 ± 3.27 / 10.97 ± 2.77 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
BsmI (rs1544410) | ||||||||
Hauache et al. [66] | 1998 | Brazil | American | M = NR F = 31/63 | 78 / 94 | 15.5 ± 6.0 / 49 ± 11 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Chang et al. [58] | 2000 | China | Asian | M = 71/86 F = 156/92 | 157 / 248 | 23.5 ± 5.11 / 32.4 ± 6.6 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Fassbender et al. [34] | 2002 | Germany | European | M = 57/50 F = 53/50 | 75 / 57 | 5.8 ± 2.3 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Gyorffy et al. [35] | 2002 | Hungary | European | M = 57/50 F = 53/50 | 107 / 103 | 23.5 ± 5.11 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Motohashi et al. [67] | 2002 | Japan | Asian | M = 96/107 F = 101/121 | 203 / 222 | 34.6 ± 16.9 / 44.4 ± 13.7 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Skrabic et al. [59] | 2003 | Croatia | European | M = 72/62 F = 60/72 | 134 / 132 | 8.69 ± 4.3 / 8.24 ± 4.9 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Turpeinen (Turku) et al. [36] | 2003 | Finland | European | M = NR F=NR | 220 / 844 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 8 |
Turpeinen (Tampere) et al. [36] | 2003 | Finland | European | M = NR F=NR | 58 / 1175 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 8 |
Turpeinen (Oulu) et al. [36] | 2003 | Finland | European | M = NR F=NR | 226 / 818 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 8 |
Audi (barcellona) et al. [37] | 2004 | Spain | European | M = 69/84 F = 153/121 | 153 / 274 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 7 |
Audi (navarra) et al. [37] | 2004 | Spain | European | M = 40/49 F = 58/58 | 89 /116 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 7 |
Bianco et al. [60] | 2004 | Italy | European | M = NR F=NR | 31 / 36 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
San Pedro et al. [38] | 2005 | Spain | European | M = NR F=NR | 71 / 88 | 14.5 ± 9.9 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Capoluongo et al. [40] | 2006 | Italy | European | M = 135/111 F = 135/111 | 246 / 246 | 39.3 ± 11.1 / 39.6 ± 9.1 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Garcia et al. [61] | 2007 | Chile | American | M = NR F = 106/97 | 208 / 203 | 9.3 ± 4.2 / 10.3 ± 2.5 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Lemos et al. [41] | 2008 | Portugal | European | M = NR F=NR | 207 / 248 | 27.5 ± 10.2 / 36.8 ± 13.8 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Shimada et al. [68] | 2008 | Japan | Asian | M = 357/417 F=NR | 774 / 599 | 29/8 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Israni et al. [42] | 2009 | India | Asian | M = 131/135 F = 116/81 | 236 / 197 | 15.1 ± 7.30 / 30.1 ± 10.2 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Mory et al. [43] | 2009 | Brazil | American | M = NR F=NR | 177 / 182 | 17.2 ± 5.4 / 12.2 ± 8.1 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Panierakis et al. [15] | 2009 | Greece | European | M = NR F = 52/44 | 100 / 96 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 6 |
Yavuz et al. [44] | 2011 | Turkey | European | M = 60/57 F = 73/61 | 117 / 134 | 27.6 ± 7.3 / 26.2 ± 5.3 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Tawfeek et al. [69] | 2011 | Arabic Saudi | Asian | M = 0/30 F = 0/14 | 30 / 14 | 35.7 ± 5.33 / 33.2 ± 4.06 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Bonakdaran et al. [46] | 2012 | Iran | Asian | M = 28/41 F = 19/26 | 69 / 45 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Vedralova et al. [49] | 2012 | Czech | European | M = NR F=NR | 104 / 83 | 67.0 ± 12.44 / 45.0 ± 7.31 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Mohammadnejad et al. [48] | 2012 | Iran | Asian | M = 32/55 F = 50/50 | 87 / 100 | 27.93 ± 10.86 / 28.58 ± 7.40 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Moubarak et al. [70] | 2013 | Syria | Asian | M = 25/30 F = 24/26 | 55 / 50 | 13.75 ± 6.91 / 39.86 ± 11.66 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Abd-Allah et al. [52] | 2014 | Egypt | Africian | M = 42/78 F = 42/78 | 120 / 120 | 11.7 ± 2.8 / 11.1 ± 2.6 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Kafoury et al. [53] | 2014 | Egypt | Africian | M = 25/35 F=NR | 60 / 56 | 11.2 ± 3.7 / 27.2 ± 6.4 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Cheon et al. [62] | 2015 | Korea | Asian | M = 35/46 F = 53/60 | 81 / 113 | 10.28 ± 3.73 / 9.98 ± 3.56 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Khalid et al. [63] | 2016 | Saudi Arabia | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 100 / 50 | 11.48 ± 3.39 / 9.50 ± 4.23 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Iyer et al. [64] | 2017 | Saudi Arabia | Asian | M = 25/25 F = 25/25 | 50 / 50 | 25.37 ± 4.07 / 23.44 ± 5.38 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Ali et al. [56] | 2018 | Saudi Arabia | Asian | M = 54/46 F = 43/59 | 100 / 102 | 10.33 ± 3.15 / > 35 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Rasoul et al. [57] | 2019 | Kuwait | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 253 / 214 | 8.5 ± 5.5 / 8.9 ± 5.2 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Ahmed et al. [65] | 2019 | Egypt | African | M = 24/25 F = 26/25 | 50 / 50 | 11.16 ± 3.27 / 10.97 ± 2.77 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
ApaI (rs7975232) | ||||||||
Chang et al. [58] | 2000 | China | Asian | M = 71/86 F = 156/92 | 157 / 248 | 23.5 ± 5.11 / 32.4 ± 6.6 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Gyorffy et al. [35] | 2002 | Hungary | European | M = 57/50 F = 53/50 | 107 / 103 | 23.5 ± 5.11 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Skrabic et al. [59] | 2003 | Croatia | European | M = 72/62 F = 60/72 | 134 / 132 | 8.69 ± 4.3 / 8.24 ± 4.9 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Turpeinen (Turku) et al. [36] | 2003 | Finland | European | M = NR F=NR | 198 / 797 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 8 |
Turpeinen (Tampere) et al. [36] | 2003 | Finland | European | M = NR F=NR | 56 / 450 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 8 |
Turpeinen (Oulu) et al. [36] | 2003 | Finland | European | M = NR F=NR | 239 / 843 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 8 |
Bianco et al. [60] | 2004 | Italy | European | M = NR F=NR | 31 / 36 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
San Pedro et al. [38] | 2005 | Spain | European | M = NR F=NR | 71 / 88 | 14.5 ± 9.9 / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Garcia et al. [61] | 2007 | Chile | American | M = NR F = 106/97 | 213 / 203 | 9.3 ± 4.2 / 10.3 ± 2.5 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Lemos et al. [41] | 2008 | Portugal | European | M = NR F=NR | 205 / 232 | 27.5 ± 10.2 / 36.8 ± 13.8 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Israni et al. [42] | 2009 | India | Asian | M = 131/135 F = 116/81 | 236 / 197 | 15.1 ± 7.30 / 30.1 ± 10.2 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Panierakis et al. [15] | 2009 | Greece | European | M = NR F = 52/44 | 100 / 96 | NR / NR | Mini sequencing | 6 |
Yavuz et al. [44] | 2011 | Turkey | European | M = 60/57 F = 73/61 | 117 / 136 | 27.6 ± 7.3 / 26.2 ± 5.3 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Bonakdaran et al. [46] | 2012 | Iran | Asian | M = 28/41 F = 19/26 | 69 / 45 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Mohammadnejad et al. [48] | 2012 | Iran | Asian | M = 32/55 F = 50/50 | 87 / 100 | 27.93 ± 10.86 / 28.58 ± 7.40 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Greer et al. [50] | 2012 | Australia | Australian | M = NR F=NR | 50 / 55 | NR / NR | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Abd-Allah et al. [52] | 2014 | Egypt | African | M = 42/78 F = 42/78 | 120 / 120 | 11.7 ± 2.8 / 11.1 ± 2.6 | RFLP-PCR | 7 |
Cheon et al. [62] | 2015 | Korea | Asian | M = 35/46 F = 53/60 | 81 / 113 | 10.28 ± 3.73 / 9.98 ± 3.56 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Khalid et al. [63] | 2016 | Saudi Arabia | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 100 / 50 | 11.48 ± 3.39 / 9.50 ± 4.23 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Nasreen et al. [54] | 2016 | Pakistan | Asian | M = 25/19 F = 23/21 | 44 / 44 | 14.81 ± 2.7 / 17.92 ± 2.8 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Iyer et al. [64] | 2017 | Saudi Arabia | Asian | M = 25/25 F = 25/25 | 50 / 50 | 25.37 ± 4.07 / 23.44 ± 5.38 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Mukhtar et al. [55] | 2017 | Pakistan | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 102 / 100 | 13/2 / 13/8 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Rasoul et al. [57] | 2019 | Kuwait | Asian | M = NR F=NR | 252 / 214 | 8.5 ± 5.5 / 8.9 ± 5.2 | RFLP-PCR | 8 |
Ahmed et al. [65] | 2019 | Egypt | African | M = 24/25 F = 26/25 | 50 / 50 | 11.16 ± 3.27 / 10.97 ± 2.77 | RFLP-PCR | 6 |
Study author | T1DM cases | Healthy control | P-HWE | MAF | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FF | Ff | ff | F | f | FF | Ff | Ff | F | f | |||
FokI (rs2228570) | ||||||||||||
Ban et al. [33] | 50 | 52 | 6 | 152 | 64 | 82 | 138 | 30 | 302 | 198 | 0.01 | 0.396 |
Fassbender et al. [34] | 35 | 30 | 10 | 100 | 50 | 19 | 30 | 8 | 68 | 46 | 0.48 | 0.403 |
Gyorffy et al. [35] | 32 | 56 | 19 | 120 | 94 | 34 | 47 | 22 | 115 | 91 | 0.44 | 0.441 |
Turpeinen (Turku) et al. [36] | 50 | 150 | 74 | 250 | 298 | 102 | 414 | 292 | 618 | 998 | 0.01 | 0.617 |
Turpeinen (Tampere) et al. [36] | 7 | 28 | 20 | 42 | 68 | 61 | 226 | 170 | 348 | 566 | 0.29 | 0.619 |
Turpeinen (Oulu) et al. [36] | 37 | 114 | 98 | 188 | 310 | 93 | 360 | 342 | 546 | 1044 | 0.9 | 0.656 |
Audi (barcellona) et al. [37] | 69 | 68 | 18 | 206 | 104 | 105 | 142 | 28 | 352 | 198 | 0.04 | 0.36 |
Audi (navarra) et al. [37] | 35 | 45 | 6 | 115 | 57 | 41 | 53 | 22 | 135 | 97 | 0.51 | 0.418 |
San Pedro et al. [38] | 31 | 35 | 5 | 97 | 45 | 41 | 39 | 8 | 121 | 55 | 0.76 | 0.312 |
Zemunik et al. [39] | 42 | 63 | 29 | 147 | 121 | 73 | 136 | 23 | 282 | 182 | < 0.001 | 0.392 |
Capoluongo et al. [40] | 89 | 112 | 45 | 290 | 202 | 91 | 127 | 28 | 309 | 183 | 0.09 | 0.371 |
Lemos et al. [41] | 81 | 101 | 25 | 263 | 151 | 97 | 114 | 38 | 308 | 190 | 0.63 | 0.381 |
Israni et al. [42] | 142 | 79 | 15 | 363 | 109 | 116 | 76 | 5 | 308 | 86 | 0.06 | 0.218 |
Mory et al. [43] | 80 | 81 | 16 | 241 | 113 | 91 | 67 | 24 | 249 | 115 | 0.04 | 0.315 |
Panierakis et al. [15] | 50 | 43 | 7 | 143 | 57 | 64 | 31 | 1 | 159 | 33 | 0.18 | 0.171 |
Yavuz et al. [44] | 61 | 46 | 10 | 168 | 66 | 60 | 63 | 11 | 183 | 85 | 0.32 | 0.317 |
Yokota et al. [45] | 50 | 46 | 12 | 146 | 70 | 59 | 20 | 141 | 138 | 302 | < 0.001 | 0.686 |
Bonakdaran et al. [46] | 38 | 25 | 6 | 101 | 37 | 18 | 20 | 7 | 56 | 34 | 0.71 | 0.377 |
Sahin et al. [47] | 54 | 31 | 0 | 139 | 31 | 43 | 28 | 9 | 114 | 46 | 0.19 | 0.287 |
Mohammadnejad et al. [48] | 49 | 33 | 5 | 131 | 43 | 55 | 40 | 5 | 150 | 50 | 0.5 | 0.25 |
Vedralova et al. [49] | 38 | 60 | 18 | 136 | 96 | 25 | 76 | 12 | 126 | 100 | < 0.001 | 0.442 |
Greer et al. [50] | 21 | 21 | 8 | 63 | 37 | 28 | 22 | 5 | 78 | 32 | 0.82 | 0.29 |
Hamed et al. [51] | 24 | 92 | 16 | 140 | 124 | 8 | 28 | 4 | 44 | 36 | 0.008 | 0.45 |
Abd-Allah et al. [52] | 58 | 50 | 12 | 166 | 74 | 78 | 38 | 4 | 194 | 46 | 0.8 | 0.191 |
Kafoury et al. [53] | 23 | 21 | 16 | 67 | 53 | 41 | 12 | 7 | 94 | 26 | 0.001 | 0.216 |
Nasreen et al. [54] | 32 | 12 | 0 | 76 | 12 | 25 | 19 | 0 | 69 | 19 | 0.06 | 0.215 |
Mukhtar et al. [55] | 84 | 13 | 5 | 181 | 23 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 200 | 0 | < 0.001 | 0 |
Ali et al. [56] | 64 | 33 | 3 | 161 | 39 | 79 | 21 | 2 | 179 | 25 | 0.66 | 0.122 |
Rasoul et al. [57] | 178 | 30 | 45 | 386 | 120 | 146 | 67 | 1 | 359 | 69 | 0.02 | 0.161 |
Study author | T1DM cases | Healthy control | P-HWE | MAF | ||||||||
TT | Tt | tt | T | t | TT | Tt | tt | T | t | |||
TaqI (rs731236) | ||||||||||||
Chang et al. [58] | 142 | 15 | 0 | 299 | 15 | 233 | 14 | 1 | 480 | 16 | 0.13 | 0.032 |
Fassbender et al. [34] | 34 | 31 | 10 | 99 | 51 | 19 | 20 | 18 | 58 | 56 | 0.02 | 0.491 |
Gyorffy et al. [35] | 46 | 34 | 27 | 126 | 88 | 42 | 27 | 34 | 111 | 95 | < 0.001 | 0.461 |
Skrabic et al. [59] | 54 | 55 | 25 | 163 | 105 | 48 | 72 | 12 | 168 | 96 | 0.04 | 0.363 |
Bianco et al. [60] | 10 | 18 | 3 | 38 | 24 | 11 | 20 | 5 | 42 | 30 | 0.39 | 0.416 |
San Pedro et al. [38] | 24 | 36 | 11 | 84 | 58 | 31 | 43 | 14 | 105 | 71 | 0.88 | 0.403 |
Garcia et al. [61] | 115 | 79 | 22 | 309 | 123 | 121 | 69 | 13 | 311 | 95 | 0.46 | 0.233 |
Lemos et al. [41] | 70 | 94 | 41 | 234 | 176 | 91 | 95 | 46 | 277 | 187 | 0.02 | 0.403 |
Israni et al. [42] | 91 | 112 | 33 | 294 | 178 | 80 | 98 | 19 | 258 | 136 | 0.15 | 0.345 |
Panierakis et al. [15] | 34 | 59 | 7 | 127 | 73 | 10 | 64 | 22 | 84 | 108 | < 0.001 | 0.562 |
Yavuz et al. [44] | 37 | 58 | 22 | 132 | 102 | 41 | 66 | 27 | 148 | 120 | 0.96 | 0.447 |
Bonakdaran et al. [46] | 34 | 28 | 7 | 96 | 42 | 20 | 17 | 8 | 57 | 33 | 0.21 | 0.366 |
Mohammadnejad et al. [48] | 32 | 52 | 3 | 116 | 58 | 59 | 41 | 0 | 159 | 41 | < 0.001 | 0.205 |
Greer et al. [50] | 18 | 26 | 6 | 62 | 38 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 76 | 34 | 0.87 | 0.309 |
Abd-Allah et al. [52] | 42 | 66 | 12 | 150 | 90 | 33 | 69 | 18 | 135 | 105 | 0.06 | 0.437 |
Cheon et al. [62] | 66 | 15 | 0 | 147 | 15 | 105 | 8 | 0 | 218 | 8 | 0.69 | 0.035 |
Khalid et al. [63] | 63 | 22 | 15 | 148 | 52 | 19 | 16 | 15 | 54 | 46 | 0.01 | 0.46 |
Iyer et al. [64] | 19 | 14 | 17 | 52 | 48 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 48 | 52 | 0.01 | 0.52 |
Rasoul et al. [57] | 96 | 96 | 61 | 288 | 218 | 156 | 36 | 22 | 348 | 80 | < 0.001 | 0.186 |
Ahmed et al. [65] | 0 | 42 | 8 | 42 | 58 | 0 | 40 | 10 | 40 | 60 | < 0.001 | 0.6 |
Study author | T1DM cases | Healthy control | P-HWE | MAF | ||||||||
BB | Bb | bb | B | b | BB | Bb | bb | B | b | |||
BsmI (rs1544410) | ||||||||||||
Hauache et al. [66] | 13 | 39 | 26 | 65 | 91 | 12 | 43 | 39 | 67 | 121 | 0.97 | 0.643 |
Chang et al. [58] | 4 | 16 | 137 | 24 | 290 | 1 | 16 | 231 | 18 | 478 | 0.22 | 0.963 |
Fassbender et al. [34] | 14 | 35 | 26 | 63 | 87 | 18 | 25 | 14 | 61 | 53 | 0.37 | 0.464 |
Gyorffy et al. [35] | 19 | 46 | 42 | 84 | 130 | 16 | 53 | 34 | 85 | 121 | 0.53 | 0.587 |
Motohashi et al. [67] | 12 | 64 | 127 | 88 | 318 | 1 | 49 | 172 | 51 | 393 | 0.2 | 0.885 |
Skrabic et al. [59] | 24 | 58 | 52 | 106 | 162 | 17 | 74 | 41 | 108 | 156 | 0.06 | 0.59 |
Turpeinen (Turku) et al. [36] | 97 | 97 | 26 | 291 | 149 | 354 | 388 | 102 | 1096 | 592 | 0.78 | 0.35 |
Turpeinen (Tampere) et al. [36] | 29 | 22 | 7 | 80 | 36 | 533 | 488 | 154 | 1554 | 796 | 0.01 | 0.338 |
Turpeinen (Oulu) et al. [36] | 90 | 103 | 33 | 283 | 169 | 403 | 305 | 110 | 1111 | 525 | < 0.001 | 0.32 |
Audi (barcellona) et al. [37] | 21 | 73 | 59 | 115 | 191 | 46 | 147 | 81 | 239 | 309 | 0.13 | 0.563 |
Audi (navarra) et al. [37] | 20 | 43 | 26 | 83 | 95 | 19 | 53 | 44 | 91 | 141 | 0.65 | 0.607 |
Bianco et al. [60] | 13 | 14 | 4 | 40 | 22 | 14 | 17 | 5 | 45 | 27 | 0.96 | 0.375 |
San Pedro et al. [38] | 15 | 40 | 16 | 70 | 72 | 17 | 44 | 27 | 78 | 98 | 0.9 | 0.556 |
Capoluongo et al. [40] | 62 | 125 | 59 | 249 | 243 | 61 | 122 | 63 | 244 | 248 | 0.89 | 0.504 |
Garcia et al. [61] | 21 | 110 | 77 | 152 | 264 | 14 | 74 | 115 | 102 | 304 | 0.65 | 0.748 |
Lemos et al. [41] | 43 | 96 | 68 | 182 | 232 | 56 | 107 | 85 | 219 | 277 | 0.04 | 0.558 |
Shimada et al. [68] | 32 | 165 | 577 | 229 | 1319 | 7 | 121 | 471 | 135 | 1063 | 0.8 | 0.887 |
Israni et al. [42] | 79 | 120 | 37 | 278 | 194 | 56 | 94 | 47 | 206 | 188 | 0.53 | 0.477 |
Mory et al. [43] | 60 | 57 | 60 | 177 | 177 | 38 | 74 | 70 | 150 | 214 | 0.62 | 0.587 |
Panierakis et al. [15] | 23 | 57 | 20 | 103 | 97 | 38 | 43 | 15 | 119 | 73 | 0.62 | 0.38 |
Yavuz et al. [44] | 20 | 57 | 40 | 97 | 137 | 14 | 59 | 61 | 87 | 181 | 0.96 | 0.675 |
Tawfeek et al. [69] | 3 | 18 | 9 | 24 | 36 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 10 | 18 | 0.36 | 0.642 |
Bonakdaran et al. [46] | 14 | 26 | 29 | 54 | 84 | 16 | 11 | 18 | 43 | 47 | < 0.001 | 0.522 |
Vedralova et al. [49] | 43 | 47 | 14 | 133 | 75 | 30 | 33 | 20 | 93 | 73 | 0.07 | 0.439 |
Mohammadnejad et al. [48] | 11 | 36 | 40 | 58 | 116 | 9 | 45 | 46 | 63 | 137 | 0.66 | 0.685 |
Moubarak et al. [70] | 7 | 25 | 23 | 39 | 71 | 14 | 26 | 10 | 54 | 46 | 0.74 | 0.46 |
Abd-Allah et al. [52] | 27 | 68 | 25 | 122 | 118 | 48 | 52 | 20 | 148 | 92 | 0.36 | 0.383 |
Kafoury et al. [53] | 8 | 13 | 39 | 29 | 91 | 4 | 11 | 41 | 19 | 93 | 0.02 | 0.83 |
Cheon et al. [62] | 0 | 13 | 68 | 13 | 149 | 1 | 4 | 108 | 6 | 220 | < 0.001 | 0.973 |
Khalid et al. [63] | 51 | 32 | 17 | 134 | 66 | 19 | 21 | 10 | 59 | 41 | 0.35 | 0.41 |
Iyer et al. [64] | 8 | 12 | 30 | 28 | 72 | 26 | 12 | 12 | 64 | 36 | < 0.001 | 0.36 |
Ali et al. [56] | 30 | 45 | 25 | 105 | 95 | 62 | 28 | 12 | 152 | 52 | 0.005 | 0.254 |
Rasoul et al. [57] | 141 | 83 | 29 | 365 | 141 | 120 | 66 | 28 | 306 | 122 | < 0.001 | 0.285 |
Ahmed et al. [65] | 8 | 35 | 7 | 51 | 49 | 32 | 18 | 0 | 82 | 18 | < 0.001 | 0.19 |
Study author | T1DM cases | Healthy control | P-HWE | MAF | ||||||||
AA | Aa | aa | A | a | AA | Aa | aa | A | a | |||
ApaI (rs7975232) | ||||||||||||
Chang et al. [58] | 16 | 76 | 65 | 108 | 206 | 13 | 105 | 130 | 131 | 365 | 0.16 | 0.735 |
Gyorffy et al. [35] | 23 | 27 | 57 | 73 | 141 | 33 | 45 | 25 | 111 | 95 | 0.21 | 0.461 |
Skrabic et al. [59] | 66 | 52 | 16 | 184 | 84 | 51 | 66 | 15 | 168 | 96 | 0.35 | 0.363 |
Turpeinen (Turku) et al. [36] | 35 | 106 | 57 | 176 | 220 | 152 | 441 | 204 | 745 | 849 | 0.001 | 0.532 |
Turpeinen (Tampere) et al. [36] | 13 | 23 | 20 | 49 | 63 | 69 | 229 | 152 | 367 | 533 | 0.25 | 0.592 |
Turpeinen (Oulu) et al. [36] | 43 | 115 | 81 | 201 | 277 | 165 | 389 | 289 | 719 | 967 | 0.09 | 0.573 |
Bianco et al. [60] | 18 | 11 | 2 | 47 | 15 | 11 | 20 | 5 | 42 | 30 | 0.39 | 0.416 |
San Pedro et al. [38] | 15 | 37 | 19 | 67 | 75 | 28 | 43 | 17 | 99 | 77 | 0.94 | 0.437 |
Garcia et al. [61] | 54 | 115 | 44 | 223 | 203 | 43 | 125 | 35 | 211 | 195 | < 0.001 | 0.48 |
Lemos et al. [41] | 55 | 100 | 50 | 210 | 200 | 68 | 101 | 63 | 237 | 227 | 0.04 | 0.489 |
Israni et al. [42] | 85 | 133 | 18 | 303 | 169 | 60 | 110 | 27 | 230 | 164 | 0.03 | 0.416 |
Panierakis et al. [15] | 37 | 57 | 6 | 131 | 69 | 23 | 58 | 15 | 104 | 88 | 0.03 | 0.458 |
Yavuz et al. [44] | 36 | 58 | 23 | 130 | 104 | 35 | 70 | 31 | 140 | 132 | 0.72 | 0.485 |
Bonakdaran et al. [46] | 13 | 52 | 4 | 78 | 60 | 18 | 26 | 1 | 62 | 28 | 0.01 | 0.311 |
Mohammadnejad et al. [48] | 27 | 48 | 12 | 102 | 72 | 27 | 57 | 16 | 111 | 89 | 0.12 | 0.445 |
Greer et al. [50] | 15 | 24 | 11 | 54 | 46 | 12 | 32 | 11 | 56 | 54 | 0.22 | 0.49 |
Abd-Allah et al. [52] | 44 | 65 | 11 | 153 | 87 | 36 | 68 | 16 | 140 | 100 | 0.06 | 0.416 |
Cheon et al. [62] | 5 | 32 | 44 | 42 | 120 | 9 | 34 | 70 | 52 | 174 | 0.1 | 0.769 |
Khalid et al. [63] | 49 | 44 | 7 | 142 | 58 | 26 | 21 | 3 | 73 | 27 | 0.64 | 0.27 |
Nasreen et al. [54] | 14 | 25 | 5 | 53 | 35 | 15 | 25 | 4 | 55 | 33 | 0.15 | 0.375 |
Iyer et al. [64] | 17 | 16 | 17 | 50 | 50 | 18 | 16 | 16 | 52 | 48 | 0.01 | 0.48 |
Mukhtar et al. [55] | 43 | 26 | 33 | 112 | 92 | 86 | 0 | 14 | 172 | 28 | < 0.001 | 0.14 |
Rasoul et al. [57] | 192 | 31 | 29 | 415 | 89 | 162 | 37 | 15 | 361 | 67 | < 0.001 | 0.156 |
Ahmed et al. [65] | 24 | 22 | 4 | 70 | 30 | 37 | 13 | 0 | 87 | 13 | < 0.001 | 0.15 |
Quantitative synthesis
Meta-analysis of the association between FokI (rs2228570) polymorphism and T1DM risk
Group | Genetic Model | Case/Control | Test of Association | Test of Heterogenicity | Test of publication bias | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Begg’s test) | (Egger’s test) | |||||||||
OR | 95%CI (P value) | I2 (%) | P | Z | P | T | P | |||
FokI (rs2228570) | ||||||||||
Overall | Dominant model | 3723 / 5578 | 0.92 | 0.79–1.08 (0.31) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.28 | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.43 |
Recessive model | 3723 / 5578 | 0.98 | 0.71–1.35 (0.91) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 1.43 | 0.15 | 1.28 | 0.21 | |
Allelic model | 3723 / 5578 | 0.96 | 0.81–1.14 (0.65) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.71 | 0.47 | 0.87 | 0.39 | |
ff vs. FF | 3723 / 5578 | 0.96 | 0.69–1.35 (0.83) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 1.70 | 0.09 | 1.78 | 0.08 | |
Ff vs. FF | 3723 / 5578 | 0.94 | 0.79–1.12 (0.49) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 1.19 | 0.23 | 1.23 | 0.22 | |
European | Dominant model | 3723 / 5578 | 0.86 | 0.74–1.00 (0.05) | 0.268 | 0.268 | −0.15 | 0.88 | 0.33 | 0.74 |
Recessive model | 2077 / 3849 | 1.00 | 0.77–1.30 (0.98) | 0.011 | 0.011 | 0.60 | 0.54 | 1.15 | 0.27 | |
Allelic model | 2077 / 3849 | 0.93 | 0.82–1.06 (0.28) | 0.015 | 0.015 | - 0.05 | 0.96 | 0.69 | 0.50 | |
ff vs. FF | 2077 / 3849 | 0.90 | 0.67–1.20 (0.46) | 0.046 | 0.046 | 0.27 | 0.78 | 1.01 | 0.33 | |
Ff vs. FF | 2077 / 3849 | 0.86 | 0.75–0.99 (0.04) | 0.435 | 0.435 | 0.74 | 0.45 | 0.59 | 0.56 | |
Asian | Dominant model | 2077 / 3849 | 0.76 | 0.55–1.05 (0.09) | 0.015 | 0.015 | - 0.74 | 0.45 | −0.31 | 0.76 |
Recessive model | 1107 / 1272 | 0.93 | 0.23–3.68 (0.91) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 1.65 | 0.09 | 3.26 | 0.02 | |
Allelic model | 1107 / 1272 | 0.78 | 0.46–1.33 (0.36) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | − 0.25 | 0.80 | 0.04 | 0.97 | |
ff vs. FF | 1107 / 1272 | 0.87 | 0.25–3.01 (0.82) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 1.95 | 0.05 | 3.01 | 0.03 | |
Ff vs. FF | 1107 / 1272 | 0.84 | 0.53–1.34 (0.47) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.49 | 0.62 | 0.50 | 0.63 | |
African | Dominant model | 1107 / 1272 | 2.06 | 1.20–3.53 (0.008) | 0.225 | 0.225 | - 0.52 | 0.60 | −0.19 | 0.88 |
Recessive model | 312 /220 | 2.14 | 1.03–4.43 (0.04) | 0.382 | 0.382 | - 0.52 | 0.60 | −0.60 | 0.65 | |
Allelic model | 312 /220 | 1.77 | 1.06–2.97 (0.02) | 0.057 | 0.057 | 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.23 | 0.85 | |
ff vs. FF | 312 /220 | 3.11 | 1.44–6.69 (0.004) | 0.493 | 0.493 | - 1.57 | 0.11 | −1.65 | 0.34 | |
Ff vs. FF | 312 /220 | 1.81 | 1.13–2.91 (0.01) | 0.337 | 0.337 | - 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.03 | 0.98 | |
TaqI (rs731236) | ||||||||||
Overall | Dominant model | 1873 / 1895 | 1.06 | 0.78 – 1.45 (0.70) | 78.3 | < 0.001 | − 0.45 | 0.65 | −1.61 | 0.12 |
Recessive model | 1873 / 1895 | 0.91 | 0.66 – 1.26(0.58) | 59.1 | 0.001 | −1.93 | 0.05 | −1.93 | 0.07 | |
Allelic model | 1873/ 1895 | 1.02 | 0.81 – 1.29 (0.86) | 81.9 | < 0.001 | −0.24 | 0.80 | − 0.96 | 0.34 | |
tt vs. TT | 1873 / 1895 | 0.90 | 0.58 – 1.39 (0.62) | 72.9 | < 0.001 | −2.14 | 0.03 | −2.65 | 0.01 | |
Tt vs.TT | 1873 / 18995 | 1.12 | 0.84– 1.49 (0.45) | 70.7 | < 0.001 | −0.39 | 0.69 | −1.04 | 0.31 | |
European | Dominant model | 840 / 878 | 0.82 | 0.59–1.13 (0.23) | 49.1 | 0.056 | −1.48 | 0.13 | −1.88 | 0.11 |
Recessive model | 840 / 878 | 0.78 | 0.50–1.21 (0.26) | 55.1 | 0.029 | −1.24 | 0.21 | −0.95 | 0.38 | |
Allelic model | 840 / 878 | 0.92 | 0.76–1.11 (0.36) | 9.6 | 0.356 | −1.73 | 0.08 | −1.27 | 0.25 | |
tt vs. TT | 840 / 878 | 0.75 | 0.44–1.27 (0.28) | 61.1 | 0.012 | −1.73 | 0.08 | −1.68 | 0.14 | |
Tt vs.TT | 840 / 878 | 0.87 | 0.64–1.20 (0.40) | 39.8 | 0.114 | − 0.99 | 0.32 | −1.10 | 0.31 | |
Asian | Dominant model | 1033 / 1017 | 1.40 | 0.75 – 2.58 (0.28) | 85.7 | < 0.001 | 0 | 1 | −1.08 | 0.31 |
Recessive model | 1033 / 1017 | 1.05 | 0.51 – 2.16 (0.88) | 74.5 | 0.008 | −2.44 | 0.01 | −3.55 | 0.02 | |
Allelic model | 1033 / 1017 | 1.27 | 0.75 – 2.14 (0.36) | 88.7 | < 0.001 | 0 | 1 | −0.75 | 0.45 | |
tt vs. TT | 1033 / 1017 | 1.03 | 0.37 – 2.85 (0.95) | 85.4 | < 0.001 | −1.69 | 0.09 | −3.10 | 0.03 | |
Tt vs.TT | 1033 / 1017 | 1.46 | 0.83 – 2.58 (0.19) | 80.1 | < 0.001 | − 0.83 | 0.40 | − 0.77 | 0.46 | |
BsmI (rs1544410) | ||||||||||
Overall | Dominant model | 4826 / 7159 | 1.02 | 0.80– 1.30 (0.88) | 76.3 | < 0.001 | −0.25 | 0.80 | 0.48 | 0.63 |
Recessive model | 4826 / 7159 | 0.94 | 0.80 – 1.10 (0.45) | 52.9 | < 0.001 | 0.13 | 0.89 | 0.20 | 0.84 | |
Allelic model | 4826 / 7159 | 0.99 | 0.86 – 1.15 (0.92) | 77.6 | < 0.001 | 0.21 | 0.83 | 0.16 | 0.87 | |
bb vs. BB | 4826 / 7159 | 0.96 | 0.75– 1.23 (0.74) | 59.8 | < 0.001 | −0.59 | −0.55 | −0.69 | 0.49 | |
Bb vs. BB | 4826 / 7159 | 1.07 | 0.88 – 1.29 (0.52) | 53.9 | < 0.001 | −0.19 | 0.84 | −0.58 | 0.56 | |
European | Dominant model | 1938 / 4450 | 0.94 | 0.71–1.24 (0.66) | 71.0 | < 0.001 | −0.25 | 0.80 | 0.89 | 0.39 |
Recessive model | 1938 / 4450 | 1.00 | 0.85–1.19 (0.95) | 20.7 | 0.223 | −0.25 | 0.80 | −0.63 | 0.54 | |
Allelic model | 1938 / 4450 | 1.00 | 0.89–1.13 (0.93) | 41.7 | 0.046 | −0.35 | 0.72 | −0.75 | 0.46 | |
bb vs. BB | 1938 / 4450 | 0.99 | 0.80–1.23 (0.92) | 16.1 | 0.273 | 0.05 | 0.96 | −0.57 | 0.57 | |
Bb vs. BB | 1938 / 4450 | 1.05 | 0.89–1.25 (0.56) | 15.0 | 0.286 | −0.45 | 0.65 | −0.99 | 0.34 | |
Asian | Dominant model | 2195 /2004 | 1.05 | 0.61 – 1.79 (0.87) | 77.8 | < 0.001 | − 0.12 | 0.90 | −0.38 | 0.71 |
Recessive model | 2195 /2004 | 1.02 | 0.73 – 1.40 (0.92) | 65.7 | < 0.001 | −0.38 | 0.70 | 0.18 | 0.86 | |
Allelic model | 2195 /2004 | 1.00 | 0.72 – 1.38 (0.97) | 85 | < 0.001 | 0.38 | 0.70 | 0.24 | 0.81 | |
bb vs. BB | 2195 /2004 | 1.07 | 0.55 – 2.09 (0.84) | 76.8 | < 0.001 | −0.12 | 0.90 | −0.42 | 0.68 | |
Bb vs. BB | 2195 /2004 | 1.07 | 0.67 – 1.71(0.77) | 63.5 | < 0.001 | 0.12 | 0.90 | −0.49 | 0.63 | |
American | Dominant model | 463 / 479 | 0.57 | 0.39–0.84 (0.004) | 0.0 | 0.755 | 1.57 | 0.11 | 14.1 | 0.04 |
Recessive model | 463 / 479 | 0.62 | 0.41–0.94 (0.02) | 50.5 | 0.133 | 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.38 | 0.76 | |
Allelic model | 463 / 479 | 0.66 | 0.54–0.81 (< 0.001) | 0.0 | 0.549 | 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.80 | 0.57 | |
bb vs. BB | 463 / 479 | 0.52 | 0.34–0.80 (0.003) | 0.0 | 0.876 | 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.06 | 0.96 | |
Bb vs. BB | 463 / 479 | 0.66 | 0.41–1.05 (0.08) | 13.2 | 0.316 | 0.52 | 0.60 | 1.56 | 0.36 | |
African | Dominant model | 230 / 226 | 2.41 | 0.63–9.18 (0.19) | 81 | 0.065 | −0.52 | 0.60 | −0.15 | 0.90 |
Recessive model | 230 / 226 | 0.99 | 0.52–1.89 (0.96) | 26.8 | 0.242 | −1 | 0.31 | 0.18 | 0.23 | |
Allelic model | 230 / 226 | 1.63 | 0.65–4.08 (0.29) | 86.3 | 0.031 | −0.52 | 0.60 | 0.05 | 0.96 | |
bb vs. BB | 230 / 226 | 1.18 | 0.26–5.25 (0.83) | 67.0 | 0.082 | −1 | 0.31 | 0.15 | 0.35 | |
Bb vs. BB | 230 / 226 | 2.40 | 0.81–7.17 (0.11) | 63.9 | 0.141 | −0.52 | 0.60 | −0.16 | 0.89 | |
ApaI (rs7975232) | ||||||||||
Overall | Dominant model | 2436 / 4074 | 1.03 | 0.82–1.29 (0.79) | 66.2 | < 0.001 | 0.25 | 0.80 | 0.62 | 0.54 |
Recessive model | 2436 / 4074 | 1.03 | 0.90–1.17 (0.68) | 48.4 | 0.005 | 0.24 | 0.81 | 0.20 | 0.84 | |
Allelic model | 2436 / 4074 | 1.05 | 0.90–1.23 (0.52) | 72.7 | < 0.001 | 0.99 | 0.32 | 0.98 | 0.34 | |
aa vs. AA | 2436 / 4074 | 1.02 | 0.77–1.33 (0.90) | 52.9 | 0.002 | −0.18 | 0.85 | −0.56 | 0.57 | |
Aa vs. AA | 2436 / 4074 | 0.91 | 0.80–1.04 (0.18) | 25.5 | 0.355 | −0.03 | 0.97 | 0.05 | 0.97 | |
European | Dominant model | 1258/ 2913 | 0.91 | 0.70–1.18 (0.47) | 49.1 | 0.039 | −0.98 | 0.32 | −1.24 | 0.25 |
Recessive model | 1258/ 2913 | 1.09 | 0.92–1.30 (0.32) | 56.9 | 0.013 | −0.63 | 0.53 | −0.28 | 0.78 | |
Allelic model | 1258/ 2913 | 0.99 | 0.81–1.21 (0.90) | 68.6 | 0.001 | −1.16 | 0.24 | −0.62 | 0.54 | |
aa vs. AA | 1258/ 2913 | 1.02 | 0.72–1.45 (0.91) | 53.1 | 0.024 | −1.70 | 0.08 | −1.03 | 0.33 | |
Aa vs. AA | 1258/ 2913 | 0.90 | 0.75–1.09 (0.29) | 29.5 | 0.174 | −1.70 | 0.08 | −2.23 | 0.05 | |
Asian | Dominant model | 1178 / 1161 | 1.27 | 0.78–2.05 (0.34) | 77.4 | < 0.001 | 1.70 | 0.08 | 0.90 | 0.39 |
Recessive model | 1178 / 1161 | 0.91 | 0.71–1.15 (0.42) | 52.0 | 0.027 | 1.88 | 0.06 | 1.26 | 0.24 | |
Allelic model | 1178 / 1161 | 1.15 | 0.82–1.62 (0.40) | 82.2 | < 0.001 | 1.34 | 0.18 | 1.69 | 0.13 | |
aa vs. AA | 1178 / 1161 | 1.14 | 0.63–2.04 (0.66) | 64.8 | 0.002 | 1.34 | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.82 | |
Aa vs. AA | 1178 / 1161 | 0.92 | 0.72–1.18 (0.52) | 6.8 | 0.379 | 1.46 | 0.14 | 1.35 | 0.22 |
Meta-analysis of the association between TaqI (rs731236) polymorphism and T1DM risk
Meta-analysis of the association between BsmI (rs1544410) polymorphism and T1DM risk
Meta-analysis of the association between ApaI (rs7975232) polymorphism and T1DM risk
Evaluation of heterogeneity and publication bias
Sensitivity analysis
Bayesian meta-regression analysis
Heterogeneity Factor | Coefficient | SE | T | P-value | 95% CI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UL | LL | ||||||
FokI (rs2228570) | |||||||
Publication Year | Dominant model | 0.037 | 0.021 | 1.74 | 0.09 | - 0.006 | 0.082 |
Recessive model | 0.763 | 0.313 | 2.44 | 0.02 | 0.117 | 1.410 | |
Allelic model | 0.037 | 0.018 | 2.07 | 0.04 | 0.001 | 0.074 | |
ff vs. FF | 0.631 | 0.242 | 2.60 | 0.01 | 0.130 | 1.131 | |
Ff vs. FF | 0.032 | 0.022 | 1.43 | 0.16 | −0.014 | 0.078 | |
Ethnicity | Dominant model | 0.322 | 0.081 | 3.97 | 0.001 | 0.155 | 0.489 |
Recessive model | −1.10 | 1.43 | −0.77 | 0.44 | −4.063 | 1.85 | |
Allelic model | 0.231 | 0.073 | 3.15 | 0.004 | 0.080 | 0.382 | |
ff VS. FF | −0.591 | 1.134 | −0.52 | 0.60 | −2.932 | 1.749 | |
Ff vs. FF | 0.217 | 0.097 | 2.23 | 0.03 | 0.017 | 0.416 | |
TaqI (rs731236) | |||||||
Publication Year | Dominant model | 0.069 | 0.037 | 1.83 | 0.08 | −0.010 | 0.148 |
Recessive model | 0.020 | 0.031 | 0.65 | 0.52 | −0.046 | 0.087 | |
Allelic model | 0.038 | 0.026 | 1.47 | 0.15 | −0.016 | 0.093 | |
tt vs. TT | 0.063 | 0.048 | 1.32 | 0.20 | −0.039 | 0.166 | |
Tt vs.TT | 0.064 | 0.037 | 1.72 | 0.10 | −0.014 | 0.142 | |
Ethnicity | Dominant model | −0.249 | 0.207 | −1.20 | 0.24 | −0.684 | 0.185 |
Recessive model | −0.114 | 0.145 | −0.79 | 0.44 | − 0.424 | 0.194 | |
Allelic model | −0.145 | 0.123 | −1.18 | 0.25 | −0.404 | 0.113 | |
tt vs. TT | −0.167 | 0.253 | −0.66 | 0.51 | −0.707 | 0.373 | |
Tt vs.TT | −0.250 | 0.200 | −1.25 | 0.22 | −0.670 | 0.170 | |
BsmI (rs1544410) | |||||||
Publication Year | Dominant model | 0.142 | 0.046 | 3.03 | 0.005 | 0.046 | 0.237 |
Recessive model | 0.031 | 0.024 | 1.29 | 0.20 | −0.018 | 0.081 | |
Allelic model | 0.063 | 0.025 | 2.54 | 0.01 | 0.012 | 0.115 | |
bb vs. BB | 0.103 | 0.047 | 2.17 | 0.03 | 0.006 | 0.200 | |
Bb vs. BB | 0.095 | 0.033 | 2.84 | 0.008 | 0.026 | 0.163 | |
Ethnicity | Dominant model | 0.482 | 0.265 | 1.82 | 0.07 | −0.058 | 1.023 |
Recessive model | −0.133 | 0.139 | −0.96 | 0.34 | −0.417 | 0.149 | |
Allelic model | 0.152 | 0.143 | 1.07 | 0.293 | −0.138 | 0.444 | |
bb vs. BB | −0.274 | 0.280 | −0.98 | 0.33 | −0.846 | 0.296 | |
Bb vs. BB | 0.381 | 0.188 | 2.03 | 0.05 | −0.002 | 0.764 | |
ApaI (rs7975232) | |||||||
Publication Year | Dominant model | 0.098 | 0.054 | 1.81 | 0.08 | −0.014 | 0.211 |
Recessive model | 0.005 | 0.030 | 0.18 | 0.86 | −0.057 | 0.068 | |
Allelic model | 0.052 | 0.032 | 1.64 | 0.11 | −0.013 | 0.119 | |
aa vs. AA | 0.042 | 0.042 | 0.98 | 0.33 | −0.047 | 0.131 | |
Aa vs. AA | 0.027 | 0.019 | 1.37 | 0.18 | −0.014 | 0.069 | |
Ethnicity | Dominant model | −0.130 | 0.290 | −0.45 | 0.65 | −0.733 | 0.471 |
Recessive model | −0.086 | 0.175 | −0.49 | 0.62 | −0.452 | 0.279 | |
Allelic model | 0.007 | 0.171 | 0.04 | 0.96 | −0.348 | 0.362 | |
aa vs. AA | −0.279 | 0.243 | −1.15 | 0.26 | −0.785 | 0.226 | |
Aa vs. AA | 0.033 | 0.103 | 0.32 | 0.74 | −0.181 | 0.248 |