Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery 6/2004

01.11.2004 | Current Concepts in Clinical Surgery

Volume replacement and microhemodynamic changes in polytrauma

verfasst von: Brigitte Vollmar, Michael D. Menger

Erschienen in: Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery | Ausgabe 6/2004

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Though fluid administration is one of the most basic concepts in resuscitation, there is ongoing controversy and continuing research on the definition of the ideal fluid for resuscitation of trauma and hemorrhage and for intraoperative volume support. In general, crystalloids and colloids, as well as blood, blood substitutes and oxygen therapeutics, are available. This report briefly revisits the physiological mechanisms underlying resuscitation with crystalloids and colloids, emphasizing colloid-supplemented resuscitation with hypertonic saline. Finally, potential applications of oxygen therapeutics are briefly considered.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat American College of Surgeons, Committee on Trauma (1997) In: Advanced trauma life support manual. American College of Surgeons, Chicago, pp 21–60 American College of Surgeons, Committee on Trauma (1997) In: Advanced trauma life support manual. American College of Surgeons, Chicago, pp 21–60
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Rizoli SB (2003) Crystalloids and colloids in trauma resuscitation: a brief overview of the current debate. J Trauma 54:S82–S88PubMed Rizoli SB (2003) Crystalloids and colloids in trauma resuscitation: a brief overview of the current debate. J Trauma 54:S82–S88PubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Orlinsky M, Shoemaker W, Reis ED, Kerstein MD (2001) Current controversies in shock and resuscitation. Surg Clin North Am 81:1217–1262PubMed Orlinsky M, Shoemaker W, Reis ED, Kerstein MD (2001) Current controversies in shock and resuscitation. Surg Clin North Am 81:1217–1262PubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Boldt J, Lenz M, Kumle B, Papsdorf M (1998) Volume replacement strategies on intensive care units: results from a postal survey. Intensive Care Med 24:147–151PubMed Boldt J, Lenz M, Kumle B, Papsdorf M (1998) Volume replacement strategies on intensive care units: results from a postal survey. Intensive Care Med 24:147–151PubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Lamke LO, Liljedahl SO (1976) Plasma volume changes after infusion of various plasma expanders. Resuscitation 5:93–102PubMed Lamke LO, Liljedahl SO (1976) Plasma volume changes after infusion of various plasma expanders. Resuscitation 5:93–102PubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Guyton AC (1991) The body fluid compartments: extracellular and intracellular fluids: interstitial fluid and edema. In: Guyton AC (ed) Textbook of medical physiology, 8th edn. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 274–285 Guyton AC (1991) The body fluid compartments: extracellular and intracellular fluids: interstitial fluid and edema. In: Guyton AC (ed) Textbook of medical physiology, 8th edn. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 274–285
7.
Zurück zum Zitat De Felippe J Jr, Timoner J, Velasco IT, Lopes OU (1980) Treatment of refractory hypovolaemic shock by 7.5% sodium chloride injections. Lancet 2:1002–1004PubMed De Felippe J Jr, Timoner J, Velasco IT, Lopes OU (1980) Treatment of refractory hypovolaemic shock by 7.5% sodium chloride injections. Lancet 2:1002–1004PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Velasco IT, Pontieri V, Rocha e Silva M Jr, Lopes OU (1980) Hyperosmotic NaCl and severe hemorrhagic shock. Am J Physiol 239:H664–H673PubMed Velasco IT, Pontieri V, Rocha e Silva M Jr, Lopes OU (1980) Hyperosmotic NaCl and severe hemorrhagic shock. Am J Physiol 239:H664–H673PubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Lopes OU, Pontieri V, Rocha e Silva M Jr, Velasco IT (1981) Hyperosmotic NaCl and severe hemorrhagic shock: role of the innervated lung. Am J Physiol 241:H883–H890PubMed Lopes OU, Pontieri V, Rocha e Silva M Jr, Velasco IT (1981) Hyperosmotic NaCl and severe hemorrhagic shock: role of the innervated lung. Am J Physiol 241:H883–H890PubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Nakayama S, Sibley L, Gunther RA, Holcroft JW, Kramer GC (1984) Small-volume resuscitation with hypertonic saline (2,400 mOs m/liter) during hemorrhagic shock. Circ Shock 13:149–159 Nakayama S, Sibley L, Gunther RA, Holcroft JW, Kramer GC (1984) Small-volume resuscitation with hypertonic saline (2,400 mOs m/liter) during hemorrhagic shock. Circ Shock 13:149–159
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith GJ, Kramer GC, Perron P, Nakayama S, Gunther RA, Holcroft JW (1985) A comparison of several hypertonic solutions for resuscitation of bled sheep. J Surg Res 39:517–528PubMed Smith GJ, Kramer GC, Perron P, Nakayama S, Gunther RA, Holcroft JW (1985) A comparison of several hypertonic solutions for resuscitation of bled sheep. J Surg Res 39:517–528PubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Traverso LW, Bellamy RF, Hollenbach SJ, Witcher LD (1987) Hypertonic sodium chloride solutions: effect on hemodynamics and survival after hemorrhage in swine. J Trauma 27:32–39PubMed Traverso LW, Bellamy RF, Hollenbach SJ, Witcher LD (1987) Hypertonic sodium chloride solutions: effect on hemodynamics and survival after hemorrhage in swine. J Trauma 27:32–39PubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Nakayama S, Kramer GC, Carlsen RC, Holcroft JW (1985) Infusion of very hypertonic saline to bled rats: membrane potentials and fluid shifts. J Surg Res 38:180–186PubMed Nakayama S, Kramer GC, Carlsen RC, Holcroft JW (1985) Infusion of very hypertonic saline to bled rats: membrane potentials and fluid shifts. J Surg Res 38:180–186PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Rocha e Silva M, Velasco IT, Nogueira da Silva RI, Oliveira MA, Negraes GA, Oliveira MA (1987) Hyperosmotic sodium salts reverse severe hemorrhagic shock: other solutes do not. Am J Physiol 253:H751–H762PubMed Rocha e Silva M, Velasco IT, Nogueira da Silva RI, Oliveira MA, Negraes GA, Oliveira MA (1987) Hyperosmotic sodium salts reverse severe hemorrhagic shock: other solutes do not. Am J Physiol 253:H751–H762PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Rocha e Silva M, Braga GA, Prist R, Velasco IT, Granca ES (1993) Isochloremic hypertonic solutions for severe hemorrhage. J Trauma 35:200–205PubMed Rocha e Silva M, Braga GA, Prist R, Velasco IT, Granca ES (1993) Isochloremic hypertonic solutions for severe hemorrhage. J Trauma 35:200–205PubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Rocha e Silva M, Braga GA, Prist R, Velasco IT, Franca ES (1992) Physical and physiological characteristics of pressure-driven hemorrhage. Am J Physiol 263:H1402–H1410PubMed Rocha e Silva M, Braga GA, Prist R, Velasco IT, Franca ES (1992) Physical and physiological characteristics of pressure-driven hemorrhage. Am J Physiol 263:H1402–H1410PubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Mazzoni MC, Borgstrom P, Arfors KE, Intaglietta M (1988) Dynamic fluid redistribution in hyperosmotic resuscitation of hypovolemic hemorrhage. Am J Physiol 255:H629–H637PubMed Mazzoni MC, Borgstrom P, Arfors KE, Intaglietta M (1988) Dynamic fluid redistribution in hyperosmotic resuscitation of hypovolemic hemorrhage. Am J Physiol 255:H629–H637PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Mazzoni MC, Borgstrom P, Intaglietta M, Arfors KE (1989) Lumenal narrowing and endothelial cell swelling in skeletal muscle capillaries during hemorrhagic shock. Circ Shock 29:27–39 Mazzoni MC, Borgstrom P, Intaglietta M, Arfors KE (1989) Lumenal narrowing and endothelial cell swelling in skeletal muscle capillaries during hemorrhagic shock. Circ Shock 29:27–39
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Mazzoni MC, Borgstrom P, Intaglietta M, Arfors KE (1990) Capillary narrowing in hemorrhagic shock is rectified by hyperosmotic saline–dextran reinfusion. Circ Shock 31:407–418 Mazzoni MC, Borgstrom P, Intaglietta M, Arfors KE (1990) Capillary narrowing in hemorrhagic shock is rectified by hyperosmotic saline–dextran reinfusion. Circ Shock 31:407–418
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Mazzoni MC, Warnke KC, Arfors KE, Skalak TC (1994) Capillary hemodynamics in hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion: in vivo and model analysis. Am J Physiol 267:H1928–H1935PubMed Mazzoni MC, Warnke KC, Arfors KE, Skalak TC (1994) Capillary hemodynamics in hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion: in vivo and model analysis. Am J Physiol 267:H1928–H1935PubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Marti-Cabrera M, Ortiz JL, Dura JM, Cortijo J, Barrachina MD, Morcillo E (1991) Differential effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on the cardiovascular response to hyperosmotic mannitol. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 13:175–179PubMed Marti-Cabrera M, Ortiz JL, Dura JM, Cortijo J, Barrachina MD, Morcillo E (1991) Differential effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on the cardiovascular response to hyperosmotic mannitol. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 13:175–179PubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Rabinovici R, Yue TL, Krausz MM, Sellers TS, Lynch KM, Feuerstein G (1992) Hemodynamic, hematologic and eicosanoid mediated mechanisms in 7.5 percent sodium chloride treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. Surg Gynecol Obstet 175:341–354PubMed Rabinovici R, Yue TL, Krausz MM, Sellers TS, Lynch KM, Feuerstein G (1992) Hemodynamic, hematologic and eicosanoid mediated mechanisms in 7.5 percent sodium chloride treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. Surg Gynecol Obstet 175:341–354PubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Kien ND, Kramer GC, White DA (1991) Acute hypotension caused by rapid hypertonic saline infusion in anesthetized dogs. Anesth Analg 73:597–602PubMed Kien ND, Kramer GC, White DA (1991) Acute hypotension caused by rapid hypertonic saline infusion in anesthetized dogs. Anesth Analg 73:597–602PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Ben-Haim SA, Hayam G, Edoute Y, Better OS (1992) Effect of hypertonicity on contractility of isolated working rat left ventricle. Cardiovasc Res 26:379–382PubMed Ben-Haim SA, Hayam G, Edoute Y, Better OS (1992) Effect of hypertonicity on contractility of isolated working rat left ventricle. Cardiovasc Res 26:379–382PubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Constable PD, Muir WW III, Binkley PF (1994) Hypertonic saline is a negative inotropic agent in normovolumic dogs. Am J Physiol 267:H667–H677PubMed Constable PD, Muir WW III, Binkley PF (1994) Hypertonic saline is a negative inotropic agent in normovolumic dogs. Am J Physiol 267:H667–H677PubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Crystal GJ, Gurevicius J, Kim SJ, Eckel PK, Ismail EF, Salem MR (1994) Effects of hypertonic saline solutions in the coronary circulation. Circ Shock 42:27–38PubMed Crystal GJ, Gurevicius J, Kim SJ, Eckel PK, Ismail EF, Salem MR (1994) Effects of hypertonic saline solutions in the coronary circulation. Circ Shock 42:27–38PubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Kreimeier U, Messmer K (1991) Use of hypertonic saline solutions in intensive care and emergency medicine—developments and perspectives. Klin Wochenschr 69:134–142 Kreimeier U, Messmer K (1991) Use of hypertonic saline solutions in intensive care and emergency medicine—developments and perspectives. Klin Wochenschr 69:134–142
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Lopes OU, Pontieri V, Rocha e Silva M Jr, Velasco IT (1981) Hyperosmotic NaCl and severe hemorrhagic shock: role of the innervated lung. Am J Physiol 241:H883–H890PubMed Lopes OU, Pontieri V, Rocha e Silva M Jr, Velasco IT (1981) Hyperosmotic NaCl and severe hemorrhagic shock: role of the innervated lung. Am J Physiol 241:H883–H890PubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Schertel ER, Valentine AK, Rademakers AM, Muir WW (1990) Influence of 7% NaCl on the mechanical properties of the systemic circulation in the hypovolemic dog. Circ Shock 31:203–214PubMed Schertel ER, Valentine AK, Rademakers AM, Muir WW (1990) Influence of 7% NaCl on the mechanical properties of the systemic circulation in the hypovolemic dog. Circ Shock 31:203–214PubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Hands R, Holcroft JW, Perron PR, Kramer GC (1988) Comparison of peripheral and central infusions of 7.5% NaCl/6% dextran 70. Surgery 103:684–689PubMed Hands R, Holcroft JW, Perron PR, Kramer GC (1988) Comparison of peripheral and central infusions of 7.5% NaCl/6% dextran 70. Surgery 103:684–689PubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Allen DA, Schertel ER, Schmall LM, Muir WW (1992) Lung innervation and the hemodynamic response to 7% sodium chloride in hypovolemic dogs. Circ Shock 38:189–194PubMed Allen DA, Schertel ER, Schmall LM, Muir WW (1992) Lung innervation and the hemodynamic response to 7% sodium chloride in hypovolemic dogs. Circ Shock 38:189–194PubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Vollmar B, Lang G, Post S, Menger MD, Messmer K (1993) Microcirculation of the liver in hemorrhagic shock in the rat and its significance for energy metabolism and function. Zentralbl Chir 118:218–225PubMed Vollmar B, Lang G, Post S, Menger MD, Messmer K (1993) Microcirculation of the liver in hemorrhagic shock in the rat and its significance for energy metabolism and function. Zentralbl Chir 118:218–225PubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Vollmar B, Lang G, Menger MD, Messmer K (1994) Hypertonic hydroxyethyl starch restores hepatic microvascular perfusion in hemorrhagic shock. Am J Physiol 266:H1927–H1934PubMed Vollmar B, Lang G, Menger MD, Messmer K (1994) Hypertonic hydroxyethyl starch restores hepatic microvascular perfusion in hemorrhagic shock. Am J Physiol 266:H1927–H1934PubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Sun LL, Ruff P, Austin B, Deb S, Martin B, Burris D, Rhee P (1999) Early up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in rats with hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Shock 11:416–422PubMed Sun LL, Ruff P, Austin B, Deb S, Martin B, Burris D, Rhee P (1999) Early up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in rats with hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Shock 11:416–422PubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Angle N, Cabello-Passini R, Hoyt DB, Loomis WH, Shreve A, Namiki S, Junger WG (2000) Hypertonic saline infusion: can it regulate human neutrophil function? Shock 14:503–508PubMed Angle N, Cabello-Passini R, Hoyt DB, Loomis WH, Shreve A, Namiki S, Junger WG (2000) Hypertonic saline infusion: can it regulate human neutrophil function? Shock 14:503–508PubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Thiel M, Buessecker F, Eberhardt K, Chouker A, Setzer F, Kreimeier U, Arfors KE, Peter K, Messmer K (2001) Effects of hypertonic saline on expression of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte adhesion molecules. J Leukoc Biol 70:261–273PubMed Thiel M, Buessecker F, Eberhardt K, Chouker A, Setzer F, Kreimeier U, Arfors KE, Peter K, Messmer K (2001) Effects of hypertonic saline on expression of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte adhesion molecules. J Leukoc Biol 70:261–273PubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Ciesla DJ, Moore EE, Gonzalez RJ, Biffl WL, Silliman CC (2000) Hypertonic saline inhibits neutrophil (PMN) priming via attenuation of p38 MAPK signaling. Shock 14:265–269PubMed Ciesla DJ, Moore EE, Gonzalez RJ, Biffl WL, Silliman CC (2000) Hypertonic saline inhibits neutrophil (PMN) priming via attenuation of p38 MAPK signaling. Shock 14:265–269PubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Ciesla DJ, Moore EE, Musters RJ, Biffl WL, Silliman CA (2001) Hypertonic saline alteration of the PMN cytoskeleton: implications for signal transduction and the cytotoxic response. J Trauma 50:206–212PubMed Ciesla DJ, Moore EE, Musters RJ, Biffl WL, Silliman CA (2001) Hypertonic saline alteration of the PMN cytoskeleton: implications for signal transduction and the cytotoxic response. J Trauma 50:206–212PubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Oreopoulos GD, Hamilton J, Rizoli SB, Fan J, Lu Z, Li YH, Marshall JC, Kapus A, Rotstein OD (2000) In vivo and in vitro modulation of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 expression by hypertonicity. Shock 14:409–414PubMed Oreopoulos GD, Hamilton J, Rizoli SB, Fan J, Lu Z, Li YH, Marshall JC, Kapus A, Rotstein OD (2000) In vivo and in vitro modulation of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 expression by hypertonicity. Shock 14:409–414PubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Corso CO, Okamoto S, Ruttinger D, Messmer K (1999) Hypertonic saline dextran attenuates leukocyte accumulation in the liver after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. J Trauma 46:417–423PubMed Corso CO, Okamoto S, Ruttinger D, Messmer K (1999) Hypertonic saline dextran attenuates leukocyte accumulation in the liver after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. J Trauma 46:417–423PubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Bauer M, Marzi I, Ziegenfuss T, Seeck G, Buhren V, Larsen R (1993) Comparative effects of crystalloid and small volume hypertonic hyperoncotic fluid resuscitation on hepatic microcirculation after hemorrhagic shock. Circ Shock 40:187–193 Bauer M, Marzi I, Ziegenfuss T, Seeck G, Buhren V, Larsen R (1993) Comparative effects of crystalloid and small volume hypertonic hyperoncotic fluid resuscitation on hepatic microcirculation after hemorrhagic shock. Circ Shock 40:187–193
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Nolte D, Bayer M, Lehr HA, Becker M, Krombach F, Kreimeier U, Messmer K (1992) Attenuation of postischemic microvascular disturbances in striated muscle by hyperosmolar saline dextran. Am J Physiol 263:H1411–H1416PubMed Nolte D, Bayer M, Lehr HA, Becker M, Krombach F, Kreimeier U, Messmer K (1992) Attenuation of postischemic microvascular disturbances in striated muscle by hyperosmolar saline dextran. Am J Physiol 263:H1411–H1416PubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Saetzler RK, Buckman RF Jr, Eynon AC, Tuma RF (1999) Hypertonic saline attenuates leukocyte/endothelium and leukocyte/platelet interactions following hemorrhagic shock. Surg Forum 47:41–43 Saetzler RK, Buckman RF Jr, Eynon AC, Tuma RF (1999) Hypertonic saline attenuates leukocyte/endothelium and leukocyte/platelet interactions following hemorrhagic shock. Surg Forum 47:41–43
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Pascual JL, Ferri LE, Seely AJ, Campisi G, Chaudhury P, Giannias B, Evans DC, Razek T, Michel RP, Christou NV (2002) Hypertonic saline resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock diminishes neutrophil rolling and adherence to endothelium and reduces in vivo vascular leakage. Ann Surg 236:634–642CrossRefPubMed Pascual JL, Ferri LE, Seely AJ, Campisi G, Chaudhury P, Giannias B, Evans DC, Razek T, Michel RP, Christou NV (2002) Hypertonic saline resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock diminishes neutrophil rolling and adherence to endothelium and reduces in vivo vascular leakage. Ann Surg 236:634–642CrossRefPubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Pascual JL, Ferri LE, Chaudhury P, Seely AJ, Campisi G, Giannias B, Evans DC, Christou NV (2001) Hemorrhagic shock resuscitation with a low molecular weight starch reduces neutrophil–endothelial interactions and vessel leakage in vivo. Surg Infect 2:275–287CrossRef Pascual JL, Ferri LE, Chaudhury P, Seely AJ, Campisi G, Giannias B, Evans DC, Christou NV (2001) Hemorrhagic shock resuscitation with a low molecular weight starch reduces neutrophil–endothelial interactions and vessel leakage in vivo. Surg Infect 2:275–287CrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Shields CJ, Winter DC, Sookhai S, Ryan L, Kirwan WO, Redmond HP (2000) Hypertonic saline attenuates end-organ damage in an experimental model of acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 87:1336–1340CrossRefPubMed Shields CJ, Winter DC, Sookhai S, Ryan L, Kirwan WO, Redmond HP (2000) Hypertonic saline attenuates end-organ damage in an experimental model of acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 87:1336–1340CrossRefPubMed
47.
Zurück zum Zitat de Carvalho H, Matos JA, Bouskela E, Svensjo E (1999) Vascular permeability increase and plasma volume loss induced by endotoxin was attenuated by hypertonic saline with or without dextran. Shock 12:75–80PubMed de Carvalho H, Matos JA, Bouskela E, Svensjo E (1999) Vascular permeability increase and plasma volume loss induced by endotoxin was attenuated by hypertonic saline with or without dextran. Shock 12:75–80PubMed
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Tawadrous ZS, Delude RL, Fink MP (2002) Resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock with Ringer’s ethyl pyruvate solution improves survival and ameliorates intestinal mucosal hyperpermeability in rats. Shock 17:473–477PubMed Tawadrous ZS, Delude RL, Fink MP (2002) Resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock with Ringer’s ethyl pyruvate solution improves survival and ameliorates intestinal mucosal hyperpermeability in rats. Shock 17:473–477PubMed
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Venkataraman R, Kellum JA, Song M, Fink MP (2002) Resuscitation with Ringer’s ethyl pyruvate solution prolongs survival and modulates plasma cytokine and nitrite/nitrate concentrations in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced shock. Shock 18:507–512PubMed Venkataraman R, Kellum JA, Song M, Fink MP (2002) Resuscitation with Ringer’s ethyl pyruvate solution prolongs survival and modulates plasma cytokine and nitrite/nitrate concentrations in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced shock. Shock 18:507–512PubMed
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Kreimeier U, Messmer K (2002) Small-volume resuscitation: from experimental evidence to clinical routine. Advantages and disadvantages of hypertonic solutions. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 46:625–638PubMed Kreimeier U, Messmer K (2002) Small-volume resuscitation: from experimental evidence to clinical routine. Advantages and disadvantages of hypertonic solutions. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 46:625–638PubMed
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Walsh JC, Kramer GC (1991) Resuscitation of hypovolemic sheep with hypertonic saline/dextran: the role of dextran. Circ Shock 34:336–343PubMed Walsh JC, Kramer GC (1991) Resuscitation of hypovolemic sheep with hypertonic saline/dextran: the role of dextran. Circ Shock 34:336–343PubMed
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Kien ND, Reitan JA, White DA, Wu CH, Eisele JH (1991) Cardiac contractility and blood flow distribution following resuscitation with 7.5% hypertonic saline in anesthetized dogs. Circ Shock 35:109–116PubMed Kien ND, Reitan JA, White DA, Wu CH, Eisele JH (1991) Cardiac contractility and blood flow distribution following resuscitation with 7.5% hypertonic saline in anesthetized dogs. Circ Shock 35:109–116PubMed
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Welte M, Goresch T, Frey L, Holzer K, Zwissler B, Messmer K (1995) Hypertonic saline dextran does not increase cardiac contractile function during small volume resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock in anesthetized pigs. Anesth Analg 80:1099–1107PubMed Welte M, Goresch T, Frey L, Holzer K, Zwissler B, Messmer K (1995) Hypertonic saline dextran does not increase cardiac contractile function during small volume resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock in anesthetized pigs. Anesth Analg 80:1099–1107PubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Franz A, Braunlich P, Gamsjager T, Felfernig M, Gustorff B, Kozek-Langenecker SA (2001) The effects of hydroxyethyl starches of varying molecular weights on platelet function. Anesth Analg 92:1402–1407PubMed Franz A, Braunlich P, Gamsjager T, Felfernig M, Gustorff B, Kozek-Langenecker SA (2001) The effects of hydroxyethyl starches of varying molecular weights on platelet function. Anesth Analg 92:1402–1407PubMed
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Dieterich HJ (2003) Recent developments in European colloid solutions. J Trauma 54:S26–S30PubMed Dieterich HJ (2003) Recent developments in European colloid solutions. J Trauma 54:S26–S30PubMed
56.
Zurück zum Zitat McGrath AM, Conhaim RL, Myers GA, Harms BA (1996) Pulmonary vascular filtration of starch-based macromolecules: effects on lung fluid balance. J Surg Res 65:128–134CrossRefPubMed McGrath AM, Conhaim RL, Myers GA, Harms BA (1996) Pulmonary vascular filtration of starch-based macromolecules: effects on lung fluid balance. J Surg Res 65:128–134CrossRefPubMed
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Zikria BA, King TC, Stanford J, Freeman HP (1989) A biophysical approach to capillary permeability. Surgery 105:625–631PubMed Zikria BA, King TC, Stanford J, Freeman HP (1989) A biophysical approach to capillary permeability. Surgery 105:625–631PubMed
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Allison KP, Gosling P, Jones S, Pallister I, Porter KM (1999) Randomized trial of hydroxyethyl starch versus gelatine for trauma resuscitation. J Trauma 47:1114–1121PubMed Allison KP, Gosling P, Jones S, Pallister I, Porter KM (1999) Randomized trial of hydroxyethyl starch versus gelatine for trauma resuscitation. J Trauma 47:1114–1121PubMed
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Cohn SM (2003) Oxygen therapeutics in trauma and surgery. J Trauma 54:S193–S198PubMed Cohn SM (2003) Oxygen therapeutics in trauma and surgery. J Trauma 54:S193–S198PubMed
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Proctor KG (2003) Blood substitutes and experimental models of trauma. J Trauma 54:S106–S109PubMed Proctor KG (2003) Blood substitutes and experimental models of trauma. J Trauma 54:S106–S109PubMed
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Loscalzo J (1997) Nitric oxide binding and the adverse effects of cell-free hemoglobins: what makes us different from earthworms. J Lab Clin Med 129:580–583PubMed Loscalzo J (1997) Nitric oxide binding and the adverse effects of cell-free hemoglobins: what makes us different from earthworms. J Lab Clin Med 129:580–583PubMed
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Gulati A, Barve A, Sen AP (1999) Pharmacology of hemoglobin therapeutics. J Lab Clin Med 133:112–119PubMed Gulati A, Barve A, Sen AP (1999) Pharmacology of hemoglobin therapeutics. J Lab Clin Med 133:112–119PubMed
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Kasper SM, Grune F, Walter M, Amr N, Erasmi H, Buzello W (1998) The effects of increased doses of bovine hemoglobin on hemodynamics and oxygen transport in patients undergoing preoperative hemodilution for elective abdominal aortic surgery. Anesth Analg 87:284–291PubMed Kasper SM, Grune F, Walter M, Amr N, Erasmi H, Buzello W (1998) The effects of increased doses of bovine hemoglobin on hemodynamics and oxygen transport in patients undergoing preoperative hemodilution for elective abdominal aortic surgery. Anesth Analg 87:284–291PubMed
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Doherty DH, Doyle MP, Curry SR, Vali RJ, Fattor TJ, Olson JS, Lemon DD (1998) Rate of reaction with nitric oxide determines the hypertensive effect of cell-free hemoglobin. Nat Biotechnol 16:672–676PubMed Doherty DH, Doyle MP, Curry SR, Vali RJ, Fattor TJ, Olson JS, Lemon DD (1998) Rate of reaction with nitric oxide determines the hypertensive effect of cell-free hemoglobin. Nat Biotechnol 16:672–676PubMed
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Keipert PE, Gonzales A, Gomez CL, MacDonald VW, Hess JR, Winslow RM (1993) Acute changes in systemic blood pressure and urine output of conscious rats following exchange transfusion with diaspirin-crosslinked hemoglobin solution. Transfusion 33:701–708CrossRefPubMed Keipert PE, Gonzales A, Gomez CL, MacDonald VW, Hess JR, Winslow RM (1993) Acute changes in systemic blood pressure and urine output of conscious rats following exchange transfusion with diaspirin-crosslinked hemoglobin solution. Transfusion 33:701–708CrossRefPubMed
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Su D, Roth RI, Levin J (1999) Hemoglobin infusion augments the tumor necrosis factor response to bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) in mice. Crit Care Med 27:771–778CrossRefPubMed Su D, Roth RI, Levin J (1999) Hemoglobin infusion augments the tumor necrosis factor response to bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) in mice. Crit Care Med 27:771–778CrossRefPubMed
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Zimmerman JJ (1999) Deciphering the dark side of free hemoglobin in sepsis. Crit Care Med 27:685–686CrossRefPubMed Zimmerman JJ (1999) Deciphering the dark side of free hemoglobin in sepsis. Crit Care Med 27:685–686CrossRefPubMed
68.
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Sloan EP, Koenigsberg M, Gens D, Cipolle M, Runge J, Mallory MN, Rodman G Jr (1999) Diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb) in the treatment of severe traumatic hemorrhagic shock: a randomized controlled efficacy trial. JAMA 282:1857–1864PubMed Sloan EP, Koenigsberg M, Gens D, Cipolle M, Runge J, Mallory MN, Rodman G Jr (1999) Diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb) in the treatment of severe traumatic hemorrhagic shock: a randomized controlled efficacy trial. JAMA 282:1857–1864PubMed
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Malhotra AK, Kelly ME, Miller PR, Hartman JC, Fabian TC, Proctor KG (2003) Resuscitation with a novel hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier in a Swine model of uncontrolled perioperative hemorrhage. J Trauma 54:915–924PubMed Malhotra AK, Kelly ME, Miller PR, Hartman JC, Fabian TC, Proctor KG (2003) Resuscitation with a novel hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier in a Swine model of uncontrolled perioperative hemorrhage. J Trauma 54:915–924PubMed
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Spahn DR, van Brempt R, Theilmeier G, Reibold JP, Welte M, Heinzerling H, Birck KM, Keipert PE, Messmer K, Heinzerling H, Birck KM, Keipert PE, Messmer K (1999) Perflubron emulsion delays blood transfusions in orthopedic surgery. European Perflubron Emulsion Study Group. Anesthesiology 91:1195–1208CrossRefPubMed Spahn DR, van Brempt R, Theilmeier G, Reibold JP, Welte M, Heinzerling H, Birck KM, Keipert PE, Messmer K, Heinzerling H, Birck KM, Keipert PE, Messmer K (1999) Perflubron emulsion delays blood transfusions in orthopedic surgery. European Perflubron Emulsion Study Group. Anesthesiology 91:1195–1208CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Volume replacement and microhemodynamic changes in polytrauma
verfasst von
Brigitte Vollmar
Michael D. Menger
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2004
Erschienen in
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery / Ausgabe 6/2004
Print ISSN: 1435-2443
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-2451
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-004-0473-z

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2004

Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery 6/2004 Zur Ausgabe

Update Chirurgie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

S3-Leitlinie „Diagnostik und Therapie des Karpaltunnelsyndroms“

Karpaltunnelsyndrom BDC Leitlinien Webinare
CME: 2 Punkte

Das Karpaltunnelsyndrom ist die häufigste Kompressionsneuropathie peripherer Nerven. Obwohl die Anamnese mit dem nächtlichen Einschlafen der Hand (Brachialgia parästhetica nocturna) sehr typisch ist, ist eine klinisch-neurologische Untersuchung und Elektroneurografie in manchen Fällen auch eine Neurosonografie erforderlich. Im Anfangsstadium sind konservative Maßnahmen (Handgelenksschiene, Ergotherapie) empfehlenswert. Bei nicht Ansprechen der konservativen Therapie oder Auftreten von neurologischen Ausfällen ist eine Dekompression des N. medianus am Karpaltunnel indiziert.

Prof. Dr. med. Gregor Antoniadis
Berufsverband der Deutschen Chirurgie e.V.

S2e-Leitlinie „Distale Radiusfraktur“

Radiusfraktur BDC Leitlinien Webinare
CME: 2 Punkte

Das Webinar beschäftigt sich mit Fragen und Antworten zu Diagnostik und Klassifikation sowie Möglichkeiten des Ausschlusses von Zusatzverletzungen. Die Referenten erläutern, welche Frakturen konservativ behandelt werden können und wie. Das Webinar beantwortet die Frage nach aktuellen operativen Therapiekonzepten: Welcher Zugang, welches Osteosynthesematerial? Auf was muss bei der Nachbehandlung der distalen Radiusfraktur geachtet werden?

PD Dr. med. Oliver Pieske
Dr. med. Benjamin Meyknecht
Berufsverband der Deutschen Chirurgie e.V.

S1-Leitlinie „Empfehlungen zur Therapie der akuten Appendizitis bei Erwachsenen“

Appendizitis BDC Leitlinien Webinare
CME: 2 Punkte

Inhalte des Webinars zur S1-Leitlinie „Empfehlungen zur Therapie der akuten Appendizitis bei Erwachsenen“ sind die Darstellung des Projektes und des Erstellungswegs zur S1-Leitlinie, die Erläuterung der klinischen Relevanz der Klassifikation EAES 2015, die wissenschaftliche Begründung der wichtigsten Empfehlungen und die Darstellung stadiengerechter Therapieoptionen.

Dr. med. Mihailo Andric
Berufsverband der Deutschen Chirurgie e.V.