Background
Methods
Data
Identifying mental health services
Outcomes
Statistical approach
Results
Full sample | Enrollees using only in-network services | Enrollees using some or only out-of-network services | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007–2012 | All years 2007–2012 | Pre-parity 2007–2009 | Post-parity 2010–2012 |
p-value (pre vs post) | All years 2007–2012 | Pre-parity 2007–2009 | Post-parity 2010–2012 |
P-value (pre vs Post) | In-network vs OON 2007–2012 | |
N
| 698,680 | 584,719 | 379,526 | 437,203 | 113,961 | 68,481 | 66,195 | |||
Female (%) | 62 | 62 | 63 | 63 | 0.019 | 62 | 63 | 62 | 0.004 | 0.289 |
Age (%) | ||||||||||
18–34 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 18 | <0.001 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 0.128 | <0.001 |
35–44 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 0.771 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 0.020 | |
45–54 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | <0.001 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 0.341 | |
55–64 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | <0.001 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 0.916 | |
Region (%) | ||||||||||
Northeast | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 0.020 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 0.195 | <0.001 |
Midwest | 26 | 24 | 24 | 25 | <0.001 | 36 | 40 | 32 | <0.001 | |
South | 37 | 38 | 38 | 37 | <0.001 | 33 | 30 | 34 | <0.001 | |
West | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | <0.001 | 17 | 15 | 20 | <0.001 | |
Lives in a designated MSA (%) | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 0.360 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 0.556 | 0.030 |
Diagnosis (%): | ||||||||||
Psychosis | 1.6 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.1 | <0.001 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 3.9 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Bipolar Disorder | 3.7 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 3.1 | <0.001 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 0.021 | <0.001 |
Depression or Anxiety | 56.0 | 55.2 | 51.4 | 49.7 | <0.001 | 59.9 | 56.5 | 56.2 | 0.222 | <0.001 |
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.4 | <0.001 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 0.060 | <0.001 |
Other | 6.2 | 6.6 | 5.9 | 5.2 | <0.001 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 0.098 | <0.001 |
Adjustment disorder | 14.2 | 14.2 | 13.4 | 12.9 | <0.001 | 14.6 | 17.8 | 13.8 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Residual | 15.4 | 17.1 | 22.1 | 24.6 | <0.001 | 6.9 | 8.7 | 11.2 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Coefficient | Standard Error |
P-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Share with any out-of-network mental health service use among mental health service users | |||
Parity | −0.0305 | 0.001517 | <0.001 |
Time | −0.0007 | 0.0000527 | <0.001 |
Parity*Time | 0.0006 | 0.0000744 | <0.001 |
Average number of out-of-network mental health outpatient visits among out-of-network mental health service users | |||
Parity | 0.1164 | 0.0211 | <0.001 |
Time | 0.0017 | 0.0071 | 0.019 |
Parity*Time | 0.0053 | 0.0010 | <0.001 |
Average total out-of-network mental health spending among out-of-network mental health service users | |||
Parity | 49.1050 | 13.7305 | 0.001 |
Time | 2.8294 | 0.4263 | <0.0001 |
Parity*Time | −1.3412 | 0.6371 | 0.040 |