Background
Safe water in healthcare facilities
Rural healthcare facilities in Rwanda
Methods
Site selection
Data collection and analysis
Rapid screening assessment
Baseline assessment
Water sample analysis
Results
Water supply and power
Health center | Power source | Primary water sourcea
| Rainwater storage | Drinking water treatment methodb
| Assessments conductedc
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | Solar | National utility | 100 m3
| Ceramic filter | Rapid 2011, Baseline 2012 |
B | Grid | National utility | 30 m3
| Boiling | Rapid 2011, Baseline 2012 |
C | Grid | National utility | 13 m3
| Ceramic filter | Rapid 2011, Baseline 2012 |
D | Grid | National utility | 100 m3
| POU chlorination | Rapid 2011, Baseline 2012 |
E | Grid | Local supply (untreated) | 11 m3
| POU chlorination | Baseline 2012 |
F | Grid | National utility | 20 m3
| POU chlorination and ceramic filter | Baseline 2012 |
G | Solar | Local supply (untreated) | 55 m3
| POU chlorination and ceramic filter | Rapid 2011, Baseline 2012 |
H | Solar | National utility | 30 m3
| POU chlorination and ceramic filter | Rapid 2011, Baseline 2012 |
I | Grid | National utility | 20 m3
| POU chlorination and ceramic filter | Rapid 2011, Baseline 2012 |
J | Grid | Local supply (untreated) | 20 m3
| POU chlorination | Rapid 2011, Baseline 2012 |
K | Grid | Local supply (untreated) | 10 m3
| POU chlorination | Rapid 2011 |
L | Grid | National utility | 10 m3
| POU chlorination | Rapid 2011 |
M | Grid | National utility | 10 m3
| POU chlorination | Rapid 2011 |
N | Grid | National utility | 5 m3
| No treatment | Rapid 2011 |
O | Grid | National utility | none | Ceramic filter | Rapid 2011 |
P | Solar | Local supply (untreated) | 15 m3
| No treatment | Rapid 2011 |
Q | Solar | Local supply (untreated) | none | Ceramic filter | Rapid 2011 |
Drinking water treatment
Water quality
Water access within the healthcare facility
Health Center | Sinks with tapsa N functional / Total | Outdoor taps N functional / Total | Tippy tapsb N functional / Total | Rainwater tanks with taps N functional / Total | All water access points N functional / Total (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 11 / 19 | 0 / 0 | 1 / 1 | 0 / 1 | 12 / 21 (57) |
B | 19 / 24 | 0 / 0 | 1 / 4 | 3 / 4 | 23 / 32 (72) |
C | 7 / 8 | 0 / 0 | 3 / 4 | 0 / 2 | 10 / 14 (71) |
D | 17 / 21 | 0 / 0 | 1 / 4 | 0 / 1 | 18 / 26 (69) |
E | 10 / 10 | 0 / 2 | 7 / 8 | 3 / 5 | 20 / 25 (80) |
F | 25 /30 | 1 / 1 | 2 / 2 | 3 / 6 | 31 / 39 (79) |
G | 4 / 16 | 0 / 1 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 6 | 10 / 26 (38) |
H | 16 / 28 | 0 / 2 | 1 / 2 | 2 / 8 | 19 / 40 (48) |
I | 4 / 6 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 3 | 0 / 5 | 4 / 15 (27) |
J | 6 / 19 | 2 / 2 | 1 / 2 | 4 / 6 | 13 / 29 (45) |
TOTAL (% Functional) | 119 / 181 (66) | 3 / 9 (33) | 20 / 33 (61) | 18 / 44 (41) | 160 / 267 (60) |
Hand hygiene infrastructure
Health center | Number of sinks with taps with soap and water (% of total with water)b
| Number of tippy taps with soap and water (% of total with water)b
| Total number of hand wash locations with soap and water (% of total with water)a
|
---|---|---|---|
A | 1 (9) | 0 (0) | 1 (8) |
B | 5 (26) | 0 (0) | 5 (25) |
C | 3 (43) | 0 (0) | 3 (30) |
D | 3 (18) | 0 (0) | 3 (17) |
E | 5 (50) | 5 (71) | 10 (59) |
F | 5 (20) | 2 (100) | 7 (25) |
G | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
H | 12 (75) | 0 (0) | 12 (71) |
I | 1 (25) | 0 (0) | 1 (25) |
J | 4 (67) | 0 (0) | 4 (44) |
TOTAL | 39 (33) | 7 (35) | 46 (32) |
Toilets and latrines
Health center | N toilets and latrines combined | n toilets, n latrinesa
| n toilets, n latrines in use, in hygienic condition (% combined)a
| n toilets, n latrines in use in hygienic conditionb and accessiblec to patients and caregivers (% combined)d
|
---|---|---|---|---|
A | 11 | 7, 4 | 4, 0 (36) | 3, 0 (27) |
B | 12 | 4, 8 | 2, 1 (25) | 2, 0 (17) |
C | 10 | 2, 8 | 2, 3 (50) | 0, 3 (30) |
D | 15 | 11, 4 | 4, 0 (27) | 2, 0 (13) |
E | 12 | 3, 9 | 2, 9 (92) | 2, 9 (92) |
F | 8 | 2, 6 | 1, 6 (88) | 0, 4 (50) |
G | 11 | 2, 9 | 2, 9 (100) | 0, 9 (82) |
H | 11 | 3, 8 | 3, 1 (36) | 2, 1 (27) |
I | 6 | 6, 0 | 6, 0 (100) | 4, 0 (67) |
J | 13 | 7, 6 | 5, 4 (69) | 3, 4 (54) |
TOTAL | 109 | 47, 62 | 31, 33 (59) | 18, 30 (44) |