Background
Methods
Recruitment of cases and controls
Selection of study subjects
Data collection
Statistical analysis
Cases (n = 739) | Controls (n = 815) | ORa
| 95 % CI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | |||
Study area (département) | ||||||
Côte d'Or | 235 | 31.8 | 284 | 34.8 | ||
Ille-et-Vilaine | 504 | 68.2 | 531 | 65.2 | ||
Age at reference date (years) | ||||||
35-39 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.1 | ||
40-44 | 1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.1 | ||
45-49 | 18 | 2.4 | 33 | 4.1 | ||
50-54 | 103 | 13.9 | 109 | 13.4 | ||
55-59 | 189 | 25.6 | 192 | 23.6 | ||
60-64 | 158 | 21.4 | 164 | 20.1 | ||
65-69 | 147 | 19.9 | 192 | 23.6 | ||
70-74 | 123 | 16.6 | 123 | 15.1 | ||
Family history of breast cancer in first degree relatives | ||||||
No | 604 | 81.7 | 715 | 87.7 | 1 | ref |
Yes | 135 | 18.3 | 100 | 12.3 | 1.62 | [1.22-2.16] |
Age at menarche (years) | ||||||
≤ 11 | 131 | 18 | 122 | 15.2 | 1 | ref |
12 | 179 | 24.7 | 172 | 21.4 | 0.98 | [0.71-1.35] |
13 | 155 | 21.3 | 174 | 21.6 | 0.82 | [0.59-1.15] |
14 | 143 | 19.7 | 165 | 20.5 | 0.81 | [0.58-1.13] |
≥ 15 | 118 | 16.3 | 172 | 21.4 | 0.63 | [0.45-0.89] |
Parity | ||||||
Nulliparous | 79 | 10.7 | 50 | 6.1 | 1 | ref |
1 FTPb
| 109 | 14.7 | 113 | 13.9 | 0.61 | [0.39-0.95] |
2 FTP | 279 | 37.8 | 270 | 33.1 | 0.65 | [0.44-0.96] |
3 FTP | 183 | 24.8 | 245 | 30.1 | 0.46 | [0.31-0.69] |
≥ 4 FTP | 89 | 12 | 137 | 16.8 | 0.41 | [0.26-0.64] |
Age at first FTP among parous women (years) | ||||||
< 22 | 185 | 28 | 252 | 32.9 | 1 | ref |
22-24 | 196 | 29.7 | 252 | 32.9 | 1.07 | [0.82-1.40] |
25-27 | 141 | 21.4 | 167 | 21.8 | 1.16 | [0.86-1.56] |
> 27 | 138 | 20.9 | 94 | 12.3 | 2.02 | [1.46-2.81] |
Breastfeeding among parous women (weeks) | ||||||
never | 349 | 53.5 | 399 | 52.2 | 1 | ref |
< 26 | 224 | 34.4 | 261 | 34.2 | 1.03 | [0.82-1.31] |
26-52 | 54 | 8.3 | 67 | 8.8 | 0.97 | [0.66-1.43] |
> 52 | 25 | 3.8 | 37 | 4.8 | 0.82 | [0.48-1.40] |
Age at menopause (years)c
| ||||||
< 48 | 105 | 22.7 | 115 | 22.9 | 1 | ref |
48-50 | 136 | 29.4 | 157 | 31.2 | 0.85 | [0.59-1.23] |
51-53 | 133 | 28.8 | 126 | 25 | 1.03 | [0.71-1.50] |
≥ 54 | 88 | 19 | 105 | 20.9 | 0.82 | [0.54-1.23] |
Current MHT use | ||||||
No | 589 | 79.7 | 690 | 84.7 | 1 | ref |
Yes | 150 | 20.3 | 125 | 15.3 | 1.44 | [1.10-1.88] |
Height (cm) | ||||||
< 158 | 187 | 25.4 | 230 | 28.2 | 1 | ref |
158-161 | 188 | 25.5 | 198 | 24.3 | 1.25 | [0.94-1.67] |
162-165 | 172 | 23.3 | 223 | 27.4 | 1.03 | [0.77-1.38] |
≥ 166 | 190 | 25.8 | 164 | 20.1 | 1.63 | [1.21-2.20] |
Alcohol consumption (glasses per week) | ||||||
≤ 3 | 542 | 73.3 | 581 | 71.3 | 1 | ref |
4-7 | 108 | 14.6 | 122 | 15.0 | 0.92 | [0.69-1.22] |
8-14 | 53 | 7.2 | 71 | 8.7 | 0.77 | [0.52-1.12] |
> 14 | 36 | 4.9 | 41 | 5.0 | 0.91 | [0.57-1.45] |
Tobacco (pack-years) | ||||||
Never | 500 | 68.3 | 563 | 70.2 | 1 | ref |
< 10 | 119 | 16.3 | 134 | 16.7 | 1.03 | [0.77-1.36] |
≥ 10 | 113 | 15.4 | 105 | 13.1 | 1.28 | [0.95-1.74] |
Physical activity | ||||||
No | 269 | 36.8 | 264 | 32.5 | 1 | ref |
Yes | 462 | 63.2 | 548 | 67.5 | 0.83 | [0.67-1.02] |
Results
Current BMI (kg/m2) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
<25 | 25-30 | ≥30 |
p
a
| Pearson rb
| |
(n = 428) | (n = 245) | (n = 141) | |||
Mean current BMI (kg/m2) (sd) | 22.0 (1.9) | 27.2 (1.4) | 34.2 (4.2) | <10-4
| 1.00 |
Mean BMI at age 50 (kg/m2) (sd) | 21.4 (2.3) | 24.7 (2.6) | 29.8 (4.6) | <10-4
| 0.79 |
Mean BMI at age 20 (kg/m2) (sd) | 20.1 (2.3) | 20.9 (2.6) | 22.5 (3.2) | <10-4
| 0.32 |
Mean BMI change from age 20 to current age (kg/m2) (sd) | 1.9 (2.8) | 6.3 (2.9) | 11.8 (5.1) | <10-4
| 0.86 |
Mean BMI change from age 20 to 40 (kg/m2) (sd) | 0.6 (2.4) | 2.3 (2.3) | 4.6 (4.7) | <10-4
| 0.54 |
Mean BMI change from age 40 to 50 (kg/m2) (sd) | 0.6 (1.7) | 1.5 (2.2) | 2.9 (4.4) | <10-4
| 0.32 |
Mean BMI change from age 50 to current age (kg/m2) (sd) | 0.6 (2.0) | 2.5 (2.5) | 4.5 (4.7) | <10-4
| 0.55 |
Cases | Controls | ORa
| 95 % CI | p trendb
| |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 739) | (n = 815) | ||||||
N | % | N | % | ||||
BMI at age 20 (kg/m2) | |||||||
< 18.5 | 146 | 20.3 | 150 | 19.0 | 1.10 | [0.84-1.44] | |
≥ 18.5 < 25 | 527 | 73.2 | 587 | 74.2 | 1 | ref | |
≥ 25 | 47 | 6.5 | 54 | 6.8 | 0.92 | [0.60-1.41] | |
Per 5 kg/m
2
|
1.03
|
[0.85-1.25]
|
0.76
| ||||
BMI at age 50 (kg/m2) | |||||||
< 18.5 | 34 | 4.9 | 29 | 3.8 | 1.14 | [0.67-1.96] | |
≥ 18.5 < 25 | 461 | 65.8 | 510 | 66.6 | 1 | ref | |
≥ 25 < 30 | 147 | 21.0 | 162 | 21.1 | 1.07 | [0.81-1.40] | |
≥ 30 | 59 | 8.4 | 65 | 8.5 | 1.05 | [0.70-1.56] | |
Per 5 kg/m
2
|
1.07
|
[0.94-1.22]
|
0.30
| ||||
Current BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||
< 18.5 | 15 | 2.0 | 21 | 2.6 | 0.73 | [0.36-1.50] | |
≥ 18.5 < 25 | 374 | 50.7 | 407 | 50.0 | 1 | ref | |
≥ 25 < 30 | 223 | 30.3 | 245 | 30.1 | 1.03 | [0.80-1.31] | |
≥ 30 | 125 | 17.0 | 141 | 17.3 | 1.04 | [0.77-1.41] | |
Per 5 kg/m
2
|
1.03
|
[0.92-1.14]
|
0.62
| ||||
BMI change from age 20 to current age (kg/m2) | |||||||
< 1 | 139 | 19.3 | 161 | 20.4 | 1 | ref | |
≥ 1 < 3 | 140 | 19.4 | 136 | 17.2 | 1.18 | [0.83-1.66] | |
≥ 3 < 6 | 196 | 27.2 | 211 | 26.7 | 1.10 | [0.81-1.51] | |
≥ 6 | 245 | 34.0 | 283 | 35.8 | 1.06 | [0.78-1.44] | |
Per 5 kg/m
2
|
1.02
|
[0.91-1.14]
|
0.76
| ||||
BMI change from age 20 to 40 (kg/m2) | |||||||
< 1 | 306 | 44.0 | 338 | 43.8 | 1 | ref | |
≥ 1 < 3 | 240 | 34.5 | 232 | 30.1 | 1.22 | [0.95-1.57] | |
≥ 3 | 150 | 21.6 | 202 | 26.2 | 0.88 | [0.66-1.16] | |
Per 5 kg/m
2
|
0.88
|
[0.74-1.06]
|
0.18
| ||||
BMI change from age 40 to 50 (kg/m2) | |||||||
< 1 | 329 | 48.2 | 396 | 52.7 | 1 | ref | |
≥ 1 < 3 | 223 | 32.7 | 234 | 31.2 | 1.18 | [0.92-1.51] | |
≥ 3 | 131 | 19.2 | 121 | 16.1 | 1.45 | [1.06-1.98] | |
Per 5 kg/m
2
|
1.32
|
[1.05-1.65]
|
0.02
| ||||
BMI change from age 50 to current age (kg/m2) | |||||||
< 1 | 310 | 44.2 | 321 | 41.9 | 1 | ref | |
≥ 1 < 3 | 212 | 30.2 | 240 | 31.3 | 0.95 | [0.73-1.23] | |
≥ 3 | 179 | 25.5 | 205 | 26.8 | 0.97 | [0.73-1.29] | |
Per 5 kg/m
2
|
1.00
|
[0.83-1.21]
|
0.97
|
BMI at age 20 < 18.5 kg/m2
| BMI at age 20 ≥ 18.5 kg/m2
|
p interaction | |||||
(146 cases / 150 controls) | (574 cases / 641 controls) | ||||||
ORa
| 95 % CI |
p trendb
| ORa
| 95 % CI |
p trendb
| ||
BMI at age 50 | 1.36 | [0.88-2.01] | 0.16 | 1.08 | [0.93-1.25] | 0.31 | 0.52 |
Current BMI | 1.47 | [1.05-2.07] | 0.02 | 0.99 | [0.88-1.12] | 0.91 | 0.14 |
BMI gain, age 20-40 | 1.05 | [0.60-1.85] | 0.85 | 0.85 | [0.70-1.03] | 0.09 | 0.46 |
BMI gain, age 40-50 | 2.06 | [1.09-3.88] | 0.02 | 1.29 | [1.00-1.65] | 0.05 | 0.40 |
BMI gain, age 50 to current age | 1.62 | [0.96-2.74] | 0.06 | 0.94 | [0.76-1.15] | 0.53 | 0.28 |
Age < 65 y | Age ≥ 65 y |
p interaction | |||||
(469 cases / 500 controls) | (270 cases / 315 controls) | ||||||
ORa
| 95 % CI | p trendb
| ORa
| 95 % CI | p trendb
| ||
BMI at age 20 | 1.04 | [0.82-1.33] | 0.74 | 1.07 | [0.77-1.47] | 0.69 | 0.76 |
BMI at age 50 | 1.03 | [0.88-1.21] | 0.68 | 1.27 | [0.98-1.63] | 0.06 | 0.07 |
Current BMI | 0.97 | [0.84-1.11] | 0.66 | 1.18 | [0.98-1.42] | 0.08 | 0.08 |
BMI gain, age 20-40 | 0.83 | [0.67-1.04] | 0.10 | 1.06 | [0.74-1.50] | 0.75 | 0.20 |
BMI gain, age 40-50 | 1.24 | [0.95-1.61] | 0.11 | 1.88 | [1.14-3.07] | 0.01 | 0.08 |
BMI gain, age 50 to current age | 0.97 | [0.74-1.27] | 0.82 | 1.04 | [0.80-1.36] | 0.76 | 0.87 |
Current MHT users | Non MHT users |
p interaction | |||||
(150 cases / 125 controls) | (589 cases / 690 controls) | ||||||
ORa
| 95 % CI | p trend b
| ORa
| 95 % CI | p trendb
| ||
BMI at age 20 | 0.97 | [0.54-1.74] | 0.91 | 1.03 | [0.84-1.26] | 0.81 | 0.81 |
BMI at age 50 | 1.05 | [0.69-1.60] | 0.81 | 1.07 | [0.93-1.24] | 0.31 | 0.75 |
Current BMI | 1.08 | [0.77-1.50] | 0.65 | 1.03 | [0.92-1.16] | 0.63 | 0.90 |
BMI gain, age 20-40 | 1.27 | [0.72-2.24] | 0.40 | 0.86 | [0.70-1.04] | 0.13 | 0.73 |
BMI gain, age 40-50 | 1.02 | [0.47-2.20] | 0.97 | 1.37 | [1.08-1.74] | 0.01 | 0.34 |
BMI gain, age 50 to current age | 1.06 | [0.59-1.88] | 0.85 | 1.00 | [0.82-1.22] | 0.99 | 0.69 |