Background
Onconeural antibody | Tumorsa
| CNS syndromesa
|
---|---|---|
Hu (ANNA-1) | SCLC, other lung ca., prostate ca. | PCD, LE, PEM, OMS, BE, myelitis |
Ri (ANNA-2) | Mamma ca., SCLC, other lung ca. | BE, OMS, PCD, LE, PEM, myelitis |
Yo (PCA-1) | Ovary ca., uterus ca., mamma ca. | PCD |
CRMP-5 (CV2) | SCLC, other lung ca., thymoma | PCD, LE, PEM, BE, myelitis |
Ma1 | Lung ca., mamma ca., colon ca. | BE, PCD, PEM, LE, OMS |
Ma2 (Ta) | Testis ca. | LE, PCD, Dienc. and brainstem symptoms |
Amphiphysin | Mamma ca., SCLC, colon ca. | SPS, PEM, PCD, LE |
Recoverin | SCLC, other lung ca.,mamma ca. | Retinopathy |
Tr | Lymphoma | PCD |
SOX1 | SCLC | LE, PCD, BE |
Methods
Criteria for considering studies for this review
Types of studies
Inclusion criteria | Aims: * Prevalence of well-characterized onconeural antibodies in patients with psychiatric disorders * Psychiatric symptomatology of onconeural antibody positive patients in patients with psychiatric disorders, malignancies and/or paraneoplastic neurological syndromes Design: Retrospective, prospective, observational and/or interventional |
Exclusion criteria | Study sample < 5 patients Pediatric or adolescent patients (age < 18) Non-validated methods for onconeural antibody testing |
Index test and reference standards
Search methods for identification of studies
Data collection, analysis, and reporting
Selection of studies, data extraction, and management
Assessment of methodological quality, including investigations of heterogeneity
Statistical analysis, data synthesis, and reporting
Results
Study | Risk Of Bias | Applicability Concerns | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard | Flow and timing | Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard | |
Hammack et al. 1990 [25] | Unclear | Low | High | High | High | High | High |
Dalmau et al. 1992 [26] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Peterson et al. 1992 [27] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Alamowitch et al. 1997 [28] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Black et al. 1998 [29] | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Voltz et al. 1999 [31] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Antoine et al. 1999 [30] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Gultekin et al. 2000 [2] | Unclear | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Yu et al. 2001 [32] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Sillevis Smitt et al. 2002 [33] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Lawn et al. 2003 [34] | High | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Overeem et al. 2004 [36] | High | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Dalmau et al. 2004 [35] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Hoffmann et al. 2008 [37] | Unclear | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
McKeon et al. 2011 [38] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Chiaie et al. 2012 [39] | High | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | Low |
Saraya et al. 2013 [40] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Dahm et al. 2014 [41] | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Moon et al. 2014 [47] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Laadhar et al. 2015 [17] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Haukanes et al. 2015 [43] | High | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Kruse et al. 2015 [44] | High | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Unclear |
Endres et al. 2015 [42] | High | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Unclear |
Sæther et al. 2016 [46] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Endres et al. 2016 [45] | High | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Unclear |
Hansen et al. 2016 [48] | High | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Schwenkenbecher et al. 2016 [49] | Low | Low | High | High | High | Low | High |
Source | Country-period | Sites (design) | Study population | Nr. of individuals with IgG onc. Abs./ in study | Patients with tumors | Age (y, median/ *mean); % female | Abs studied | Onc. Abs. studied | Analytic method | Psychiatric reference standard (ICD-10, DSM-IV and IIIR) | Prevalence psychiatric symptoms in study/onc. Ab. pos. Pat. | Psychiatric symptoms reported in onc. Ab. pos. Pat. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hammack et al. 1990 [25] | US (NY) -? | S (r) | PCD | 16/32 | 27/32 | ?; 50 | Anti-Purk. cell Abs | Anti-Purk. cell Abs | IIF | None | 28%/38% | Depr., psychosis |
Dalmau et al. 1992 [26] | US (NY) – 83-90 | 3 (r) | Hu-ass par. enc. myel./ sens neur. | 71/71 | 62/71 | 60; 55 | Hu | Hu | WB, Im.hi. | None | 21%/21% | Depr., anxiety, mem. Loss, hall. |
Peterson et al. 1992 [27] | US -? -91 | M (r) | Yo-pos pat | 55/55 | 52/55 | 61; 100 | Yo | Yo | WB, Im.hi. | None | 18%/18% | Emo. lab., mem. Def. |
Alamowitch et al. 1997 [28] | ? - 87-94 | S (r) | LE and SCLC | 8/16 | 16/16 | ?; 13 | Hu | Hu | Im.bl, Im.hi. | None | 88%/88% | Depr., anx., pers. ch, hall. |
Black et al. 1998 [29] | US (Roch) -? | S (c) | OCD pat | 0/13 | ? | 36; 46 | 14 | Yo, Hu, Ri, Amph | IIF | DSM-IIIR | 100%/− | - |
Voltz et al. 1999 [31] | US (NY) -? | S (r) | Testis cancer and PLE | 10/19 | 19/19 | ?; 0 | Ma2 | Ma2 | WB, Im.hi. | None | ?/40% | Anxiexy., depr., hall. |
Antoine et al. 1999 [30] | France - 72-96 | 1 (r) | Amphiphysin pos pa | 5/5 | 5/5 | 67; 40 | Amph. | Amph. | WB, Im.hi. | None | ?/20% | Anxiexy., depr., hall. |
Gultekin et al. 2000 [2] | US (NY) -? | S (r) | PLE | 30/50 | 48/50 | 55; 46 | 6 | Hu, Ma1, Ma2, CRMP-5/CV2 | Im.bl, Im.hi. | None | 42%/? | ? |
Yu et al. 2001 [32] | US (Minn) - 93-00 | 1 (r) | CRMP5 (CV2) pos patients | 116/116 | 105/116 | ?; 58 | CRMP-5/CV2 | CRMP-5/CV2 | Im.bl, IIF | None | 21%/21% | Pers ch., depr., psychosis |
Sillevis Smitt et al. 2002 [33] | Netherlands– 89 – 99 | S (r) | Hu-ass. par. enc.myel./ sensory neuronopathy | 73/73 | 62/73 | 66; 34 | Hu | Hu | WB, IIF | None | 2.7%/2.7% | Depr. |
Lawn et al. 2003 [34] | Us (Roch) 85–02 | S (r) | PLE | 10/24 | 24/24 | 61; 63 | 11 | Hu, Ri, Yo, Tr, CRMP-5/CV2, Amph | WB, IIF | None | 50/? | Depr., anxiety, pers. ch, hall. |
Overeem et al. 2004 [36] | US (AR) -? | S (r) | Ma2 ass. enc. | 6/6 | 6/6 | 49; 50 | Ma2 | Ma2 | Im. bl. | None | 50%/50% | Depr., pers. ch. |
Dalmau et al. 2004 [35] | US (Penn) -? | 2 (r) | Ma2-ass. enc. | 38/38 | 34/38 | ?; 32 | Ma1/Ma2 | Ma1/Ma2 | Im. bl. | None | 11%/11% | Nerv. br.down, loss of self-conf., panic attack |
Hoffman et al. 2008 [37] | Germany/England – 99-05 | 2 (r) | Anti-Ma1/Ma2 ass. PNS | 22/22 | 17/22 | 60; 36 | Ma1/Ma2 | Ma1/Ma2 | Im.bl., IIF. | None | 18% | OCS, pers. ch., aff. Symptoms |
McKeon et al. 2011 [38] | US (Minn, Ari, Flor) - 87-07 | 3 (r) | Yo-pos p | 83/83 | 73/83 | 60; 100 | Yo | Yo | IIF | None | 5%/5% | Pers. ch. |
Chiaie et al. 2012 [39] | Italy -? | S (c) | Psychiatric pat PCD pat Healthy controls | 11/48 22/22 0/52 | 0/48 22/22 0/52 | 36*; 13 56*; 68 44*; 50 | 5 | Anti-Purk. cell Abs | IIF | DSM-IV | 100%/100% | Schizophrenia, bipolar disord., OCD |
Saraya et al. 2013 [40] | Thailand. - 10-12 | 17 (p) | Autoimmune encephalitis | 9/103 | 6/103 | ?; 68 | 20 | Hu, Ri, Yo, Tr, CRMP-5/CV2, Amph, SOX1 | Im.bl, IIF | None | ?/33% | Psychosis, Beh ch. |
Dahm et al. 2014 [41] | Germany – 05-11 | M (c) | Healthy Schizophrenia Aff. disord. Bord. pers. disord. | 47/1703 38/1378 8/310 0/42 | ? | ?; 40 | 24 | Amph, Ma1, Ma2, CRMP-5/CV2, Tr, Hu, Rec, Ri, Yo | IIF | DSM-IV | 100%/100% | - |
Moon et al. 2014 [47] | South Korea– 12-14 | S (r) | Non-stiff amphiphysin syndrome | 20/20 | 7/20 | 58*; 40 | 12 | Amph., Hu, Yo, Ri, Ma2, CRMP-5. | Im.bl. | None | 25%/25% | Irritability, psychosis |
Laadhar et al. 2015 [17] | Tunisia -? | S (c) | Psychiatric pat Healthy controls | 5/103 0/41 | 0/103 0/41 | 43*; 28 41*; 22 | ANNA, PCA1, ANA | Hu, Ri, Yo | WB, IIF | DSM-IV | 100%/100% | Schizophrenia, schizoaff. And bipolar disord. |
Haukanes et al. 2015 [43] | Norway -? | S (c) | ADHD pat Healthy controls | 0/169 0/56 | 0/169 0/56 | 33*; 50 35*; 55 | Yo, Amph, CRMP-5, Ma2, Ri, Hu | Yo, Amph, CRMP-5/CV2, Ma2, Ri, Hu | Im.bl, WB, IIF | DSM-IV | 100%/− | - |
Kruse et al. 2015 [44] | US (Roch)- 02–11 | S (r) | Psychiatric inpat Healthy controls | 1/213 0/173 | ? | ?;? | ? | Hu, Ri, SOX1, Yo, CRMP-5/CV2, Amph, Tr | Im.bl, IIF, ELISA | Chart review | 100%/100% | Pers ch, paranoia, agitation etc |
Endres et al. 2015 [42] | Germany – 06-13 | S (c) | Pat with psychotic synd. (CSF) | 5/142 (180) | 0/180 | 35*; 56 | 14 | Yo, Hu, Ri, CRMP-5/CV2, Ma1, Ma2, SOX1, Amph | Im.bl. | ? | 100%/100% | Schizophreniform or schizoaff. synd. |
Sæther et al. 2016 [46] | Norway – 04-06 | S (c) | Acutely admitted psychiatric inpat | 1/585 | ? | 41*; 51.8 | 15 | Yo, Amph, CRMP-5/CV2, Hu, Ri, Ma2, Rec | Im.bl, IIF | ICD-10 | 100%/100% | Paranoid psychosis |
Endres et al. 2016 [45] | Germany – 06 – 13 | S (c) | Pat with depressive synd. (CSF) | 0/63 (125) | ? | 53*; 48 | ? | Yo, Hu, Ri, CRMP-5/CV2, Ma1, Ma2, SOX1, Amph | Im.bl. | ? | 100%/− | - |
Hansen et al. 2016 [48] | Germany – 07-15 | S (r) | PLE: GAD65 Onconeur. abs | 0/11 11/11 | ? 1/11 | 41; 64 43; 73 | 22 | Ma1/2, Hu, Ri, Yo, SOX1, CRMP-5, Recoverin, Amph. | Im. hi., Im.bl. | 66%/73% | Depression | |
Schwenkenbecher et al. 2016 [49] | Germany – 96-15 | S (r) | Hu-pos. Pat with PS | 18/18 | 16/18 | 61; 61 | Hu | Hu | Im.hi., im.bl. | None | ?/? | Aggressive-ness, anxiety |