Background
Methods
Developing the interview guide
Selecting and recruiting the sample
Data analysis
Ethics
Results
Province | Number of interview participants (% of total) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Organization | Position | |||||
PCP1(7 organizations) | Hospital (11 organizations) | RHA2(6 organizations) | Senior manager | Knowledge broker | Library manager | ||
Ontario | 29 (51%) | 3 (5%) | 14 (25%) | 8 (14%) | 19 (33%) | 5 (9%) | 5 (9%) |
Quebec | 28 (49%) | 6 (11%) | 18 (32%) | 8 (14%) | 14 (25%) | 6 (11%) | 8 (14%) |
Total | 57 (100%) | 9 (16%) | 32 (56%) | 16 (28%) | 33 (58%) | 11 (20%) | 13 (23%) |
Supports to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making | Number of interview participants (n)1
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 57) | Organization | Province | Occupation | ||||||
PCP (n = 9) | Hospital (n = 32) | RHA (n = 16) | Ontario (n = 29) | Quebec (n = 28) | Senior management (n = 33) | Knowledge broker (n = 11) | Library manager (n = 13) | ||
Climate for research use |
57
|
9
|
32
|
16
|
29
|
28
|
33
|
11
|
13
|
Research production |
52
|
9
|
30
|
13
|
27
|
25
|
31
|
9
|
12
|
Push efforts |
52
|
9
|
31
|
12
|
24
|
28
|
31
|
8
|
13
|
Facilitating pull efforts |
55
|
9
|
32
|
14
|
28
|
27
|
31
|
11
|
13
|
Pull efforts |
56
|
9
|
31
|
16
|
29
|
27
|
33
|
10
|
13
|
Linkage and exchange efforts |
55
|
8
|
31
|
16
|
28
|
27
|
31
|
11
|
13
|
Evaluation efforts to link research to action |
39
|
4
|
22
|
13
|
21
|
18
|
24
|
7
|
8
|
Supports currently in place in healthcare organizations to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making
Establishing a climate for research use
Supports to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making | Number of interview participants (n)3
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Organization | Province | Occupation | |||||||
Total (n = 57) | PCP (n = 9) | Hospital (n = 32) | RHA (n = 16) | Ontario (n = 29) | Quebec (n = 28) | Senior management (n = 33) | Knowledge broker (n = 11) | Library manager (n = 13) | |
Develop and implement an infrastructure or positions where the accountability for encouraging knowledge use lies1
|
55
|
8
|
32
|
15
|
27
|
28
|
32
|
10
|
13
|
Emphasize the value of research use in decision-making in the mission, vision, values, and strategic plan |
50
| 5 |
31
|
14
|
29
|
21
|
31
|
10
|
9
|
Build awareness of clear points of contact within the organization regarding where to turn to in order to acquire, assess, adapt and apply research evidence in decision-making processes |
38
| 5 |
23
| 10 |
21
| 17 | 21 | 7 |
10
|
Place value on accreditation components that address the use of research evidence in decision-making2
| 29 | 3 |
22
|
4
| 18 | 11 | 21 | 4 |
4
|
Recognize in recruitment and retention strategies the value of having staff that have the ability or the desire to acquire, access, adapt, and apply research evidence in the decision-making process | 27 | 3 | 15 | 9 | 15 | 12 | 18 | 5 |
4
|
Promote staff development opportunities that enhance skills in acquiring, assessing, adapting and applying evidence in decision-making | 22 | 3 | 17 |
2
| 16 |
6
| 14 |
3
| 5 |
Organizations implement recognition programs that acknowledge and reward staff who use research evidence in decision-making |
17
| 3 | 11 |
3
|
7
| 10 |
10
| 4 |
3
|
Integrate in performance reviews and appraisals key skills in acquiring, assessing, adapting and applying evidence in decision-making |
12
|
2
|
8
|
2
|
8
|
4
|
9
|
2
|
1
|
Producing and participating in research
Supports to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making | Number of interview participants (n)2
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 57) | Organization | Province | Occupation | ||||||
PCP (n = 9) | Hospital (n = 32) | RHA (n = 16) | Ontario (n = 29) | Quebec (n = 28) | Senior management (n = 33) | Knowledge broker (n = 11) | Library manager (n = 13) | ||
Participate in the production of primary research, reviews and research-derived products | 37 |
8
|
23
| 6 | 17 |
20
| 19 | 6 |
12
|
Partner as decision-makers on research or provide matching funding for priority projects1
| 37 |
8
| 21 | 8 |
21
| 16 |
25
|
8
|
4
|
Participate in regular priority-setting processes to ensure research meets needs of decision-makers | 25 |
1
| 17 | 7 | 15 | 10 | 18 | 4 |
3
|
Ensure research commissioning capacity exists to commission or execute high priority research | 25 |
6
| 15 |
4
| 13 | 12 | 18 | 4 |
3
|
Implementing ‘push’ efforts
Support to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making | Number of interview participants (n)3
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 57) | Organization | Province | Occupation | ||||||
PCP (n = 9) | Hospital (n = 32) | RHA (n = 16) | Ontario (n = 29) | Quebec (n = 28) | Senior management (n = 33) | Knowledge broker (n = 11) | Library manager (n = 13) | ||
Use a knowledge intelligence service that scans the literature and distributes research evidence throughout the organization1
| 36 |
6
|
23
| 7 | 15 |
21
| 19 | 6 |
11
|
Publish and disseminate local research results2
| 24 | 5 | 12 | 7 |
6
| 18 | 14 | 4 | 6 |
Ensure there are individuals responsible for identifying teaching moments to provide research evidence |
17
|
0
| 14 |
3
|
12
|
5
|
11
|
2
|
4
|
Institute communications and marketing efforts related to research evidence |
16
| 1 | 14 |
1
|
6
| 10 |
6
|
2
| 8 |
Implementation of facilitating pull efforts
Support to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making | Number of interview participants (n)4
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 57) | Organization | Province | Occupation | ||||||
PCP (n = 9) | Hospital (n = 32) | RHA (n = 16) | Ontario (n = 29) | Quebec (n = 28) | Senior management (n = 33) | Knowledge broker (n = 11) | Library manager (n = 13) | ||
Implement a technical infrastructure to support research and to ensure no restrictions are placed on staff's access to online resources that may contain relevant research evidence1
|
46
|
8
|
29
| 9 |
25
|
21
|
26
| 7 |
13
|
Provide easy access to journals and scientific literature either through bulk purchasing of subscriptions or promoting open-access resources2
|
42
|
7
|
23
|
12
|
22
|
20
|
23
|
8
|
11
|
Provide an Intranet site or clear links to websites that provide one-stop shopping for relevant research evidence | 36 | 4 | 21 |
11
|
22
| 14 | 21 | 7 | 8 |
Implement accessible and efficient systems to support the use of research in decision-making3
| 27 | 5 | 15 | 7 | 15 | 12 | 18 |
3
| 6 |
Provide or participate in presentations/ online/ or face-to-face briefings about specific reviews or review-derived products |
18
| 4 | 11 |
3
| 16 |
2
| 12 |
2
|
4
|
Implementing pull efforts
Support to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making | Number of interview participants (n)4
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 57) | Organization | Province | Occupation | ||||||
PCP (n = 9) | Hospital (n = 32) | RHA (n = 16) | Ontario (n = 29) | Quebec (n = 28) | Senior management (n = 33) | Knowledge broker (n = 11) | Library manager (n = 13) | ||
Enable training and continuing education that focus on finding and using research evidence in decision-making1
|
46
|
8
|
29
| 9 |
21
|
25
|
26
| 7 |
13
|
Use dedicated staff to pull research into decision-making2
| 35 | 4 |
23
| 8 |
21
| 14 | 20 | 7 | 8 |
Ensure decision-making processes that promote the use of research in decision-making3
| 34 |
2
| 20 |
12
|
23
| 11 |
24
| 7 |
3
|
Summarize or conduct primary research via a rapid response unit | 22 | 3 |
10
| 9 | 16 |
6
| 12 | 5 | 5 |
Instituting linkage and exchange efforts
Support to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making | Number of interview participants (n)2
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Organization | Province | Occupation | |||||||
Total (n = 57) | PCP (n = 9) | Hospital (n = 32) | RHA (n = 16) | Ontario (n = 29) | Quebec (n = 28) | Senior management (n = 33) | Knowledge broker (n = 11) | Library manager (n = 13) | |
Establish formal and informal ties to researchers and brokers outside the organization who can assist in integrating evidence into decision-making1
|
47
|
6
|
26
|
15
|
25
|
22
|
28
|
11
| 8 |
Hold regular meetings that highlight relevant research | 36 |
7
| 21 | 8 | 19 | 17 |
22
| 6 | 8 |
Conduct interactive workshops that focus on the use of research in decision-making | 26 |
7
| 14 |
5
| 13 | 13 | 15 | 6 | 5 |
Evaluating efforts to promote evidence-informed decision-making
Top three supports for evidence-informed decision-making in healthcare organizations
Support to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making | Number of interview participants (n)4
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 57) | Organization | Province | Occupation | ||||||
PCP (n = 9) | Hospital (n = 32) | RHA (n = 16) | Ontario (n = 29) | Quebec (n = 28) | Senior management (n = 33) | Knowledge broker (n = 11) | Library manager (n = 13) | ||
Climate for research use
|
39
|
7
|
23
| 9 |
23
| 16 |
23
|
9
| 7 |
Organizations develop and implement a formal infrastructure or positions wherein the accountability for encouraging knowledge use lies1
| 27 | 5 | 18 |
4
| 14 | 13 | 13 | 7 | 7 |
Organizations emphasize the value of research use in decision-making in the mission, vision, values and strategic plan |
17
|
1
| 11 |
5
| 14 |
3
| 13 |
2
|
2
|
Research production
| 19 |
2
| 13 |
4
|
12
|
7
|
13
|
4
|
2
|
Organizations participate in the production of primary research, reviews and research-derived products |
12
|
1
|
10
|
1
|
6
|
6
|
7
|
3
|
2
|
Push efforts
| 23 |
2
| 15 | 6 | 10 | 13 | 12 | 4 | 7 |
Organizations institute a knowledge intelligence service that scans the literature and distributes research evidence throughout the organization2
|
14
|
1
|
9
|
4
|
5
|
9
|
8
|
2
|
4
|
Facilitating pull efforts
| 32 | 4 | 18 | 10 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 6 | 11 |
Organizations implement a technical infrastructure to support research and ensure no restrictions are placed on staff's access to resources that may contain relevant research evidence |
17
| 3 |
10
|
4
| 11 |
6
|
9
| 3 | 5 |
Organizations provide easy access to journals and scientific literature either through bulk purchasing of subscriptions or promoting open-access resources |
16
|
1
| 11 |
4
|
5
| 11 |
4
| 3 |
9
|
Organizations provide an Intranet site or clear links to websites that provide one- stop shopping for relevant research evidence |
12
|
2
|
7
|
3
|
7
|
5
|
4
| 3 | 5 |
Pull efforts
| 26 |
0
| 18 | 8 | 17 |
9
| 14 | 6 | 6 |
Organizations encourage the use of dedicated staff to pull research into decision-making |
13
|
0
|
10
|
3
| 10 |
3
|
5
| 4 |
4
|
Organizations encourage or provide training and continuing education that focus on finding and using research evidence in decision-making |
12
|
0
|
10
|
2
|
6
|
6
|
7
|
1
|
4
|
Linkage and exchange efforts
| 26 | 4 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 13 | 17 | 6 | 3 |
Organizations establish formal and informal ties to researchers and brokers outside the organization who can assist in acquiring, assessing, adapting or applying research evidence in the decision-making process3
| 21 |
2
|
10
| 9 | 12 |
9
| 13 | 5 |
3
|
Evaluation efforts to link research to action
|
11
|
1
|
7
|
3
|
9
|
2
|
7
|
2
|
2
|