Background
Methods
Setting
Dataset and sample
White | White: British |
White: Irish | |
White: Other White | |
Mixed | Mixed: White and Black Caribbean |
Mixed: White and Black African | |
Mixed: White and Asian | |
Mixed: Other Mixed | |
Asian or Asian British | Asian: Indian |
Asian: Pakistani | |
Asian: Bangladeshi | |
Other Asian | |
Black or Black British | Black Caribbean |
Black African | |
Other Black | |
Chinese or other ethnic group | Chinese |
Other |
Statistical analysis
Ethical approval
Results
Socio-demographic factors and uptake of the NHS Health Check programme
Gender and level of deprivation
Age, gender and NHS Health Check uptake
Age | Males | Females | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | % | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | |
40-44 | 25.6 | -5.1 | 684/1345 | 0.51 | (0.48–0.54) | *** | 24.0 | -7.4 | 729/1727 | 0.42 | (0.40–0.45) | *** |
45–49 | 20.8 | -2.3 | 555/1551 | 0.36 | (0.33–0.38) | * | 21.3 | 2.1 | 645/1232 | 0.52 | (0.50–0.55) | * |
50–54 | 20.3 | -1.0 | 543/1460 | 0.37 | (0.34–0.40) | NS | 17.5 | -.3 | 532/1078 | 0.49 | (0.46–0.52) | NS |
55–59 | 13.4 | -2.8 | 358/1040 | 0.34 | (0.32–0.37) | ** | 11.9 | -1.9 | 362/779 | 0.47 | (0.43–0.50) | NS |
60–64 | 10.1 | 7.0 | 270/512 | 0.53 | (0.48–0.57) | *** | 11.6 | 2.0 | 351/658 | 0.53 | (0.49–0.57) | * |
65–69 | 6.7 | 10.9 | 178/250 | 0.71 | (0.65–0.77) | *** | 9.4 | 5.3 | 285/463 | 0.62 | (0.57–0.66) | *** |
70–74 | 3.1 | 6.1 | 81/120 | 0.68 | (0.57–0.75) | *** | 4.0 | 7.8 | 130/162 | 0.80 | (0.74–0.87) | *** |
Total | 100 % | 2669/6962 | 100 % | 3034/6101 |
Ethnicity and gender
Ethnic Group | Males | Females | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | % | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | |
White: British | 42.45 | 20.4 | 1133/1980 | 0.57 | (0.55–0.59) | * | 45.91 | 14 | 1393/2268 | 0.61 | (0.59–0.63) | *** |
White: Irish | 2.52 | 5.4 | 67/105 | 0.64 | (0.54–0.73) | *** | 2.83 | 5 | 86/119 | 0.72 | (0.64–0.80) | *** |
White: other | 7.79 | -7.0 | 208/774 | 0.27 | (0.24–0.30) | *** | 8.0 | -8.6 | 243/704 | 0.35 | (0.31–0.38) | *** |
White/Black Caribbean | 0.97 | 3.0 | 26/43 | 0.60 | (0.46–0.74) | ** | 1.19 | 3.7 | 36/47 | 0.77 | (0.63–0.87) | *** |
White/Black African | 0.86 | 1.6 | 23/46 | 0.50 | (0.36–0.64) | NS | 0.92 | 2.8 | 28/39 | 0.72 | (0.57–0.84) | ** |
White/Asian | 0.37 | 3.6 | 10/11 | 0.91 | (0.66–0.99) | *** | 0.16 | -0.3 | 5/11 | 0.45 | (0.19–0.74) | NS |
Mixed: Other | 0.45 | 0.5 | 12/28 | 0.43 | (0.26–0.61) | NS | 0.40 | 0.0 | 12/24 | 0.50 | (0.31–0.69) | NS |
Indian | 4.76 | 6.8 | 127/208 | 0.61 | (0.54–0.68) | *** | 5.70 | 8.0 | 173/228 | 0.76 | (0.70–0.81) | *** |
Pakistani | 3.33 | 1.3 | 89/209 | 0.43 | (0.36–0.49) | NS | 2.83 | 2.5 | 86/143 | 0.60 | (0.52–0.68) | ** |
Bangladeshi | 5.32 | 4.3 | 142/280 | 0.51 | (0.45–0.57) | *** | 3.30 | 2.2 | 100/173 | 0.58 | (0.50–0.65) | * |
Asian: Other | 2.10 | 4.0 | 56/97 | 0.58 | (0.48–0.67) | *** | 1.38 | -0.1 | 42/85 | 0.49 | (0.39–0.60) | NS |
Caribbean | 4.80 | 8.7 | 128/185 | 0.69 | (0.62–0.76) | *** | 4.88 | 6.2 | 148/209 | 0.71 | (0.64–0.77) | *** |
African | 4.65 | -0.9 | 124/345 | 0.36 | (0.31–0.41) | NS | 4.65 | -2.9 | 141/336 | 0.42 | (0.37–0.47) | ** |
Black: Other | 0.56 | -0.8 | 15/46 | 0.33 | (0.20–0.47) | NS | 0.56 | -0.5 | 17/37 | 0.46 | (0.31–0.62) | NS |
Chinese | 0.52 | 2.7 | 14/21 | 0.67 | (0.45–0.84) | ** | 0.43 % | 3.2 | 13/14 | 0.93 | (0.72–0.99) | *** |
Other | 8.84 | 5.4 | 236/471 | 0.50 | (0.46–0.55) | *** | 6.61 % | 2.8 | 200/351 | 0.57 | (0.52–0.62) | ** |
Not stated | 8.54 | -29.5 | 259/2113 | 0.12 | (0.11–0.14) | *** | 2.21 % | -21.3 | 311/1313 | 0.24 | (0.21–0.26) | *** |
Total | 100 % | 2669/6962 | 100 % | 3034/6101 |
The impact of ethnicity and gender on invitation method
Invitation letter
Ethnic Group | Males | Females | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | % | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | |
White: British | 43.78 | 7.7 | 672/1853 | 0.36 | (0.34–0.39) | *** | 47.72 % | 10.5 | 794/2112 | 0.38 | (0.36–0.40) | *** |
White: Irish | 2.48 | 2.3 | 38/94 | 0.40 | (0.31–0.51) | * | 3.13 % | 4.3 | 52/109 | 0.48 | (0.39–0.57) | *** |
White: other | 8.99 | -6.5 | 138/713 | 0.19 | (0.27–0.22) | *** | 8.53 % | -4.4 | 142/649 | 0.22 | (0.19–0.25) | *** |
White/Black Caribbean | 1.30 | 2.7 | 20/41 | 0.49 | (0.34–0.64) | ** | 1.14 % | 2.3 | 19/42 | 0.45 | (0.31–0.60) | * |
White/Black African | 0.78 | -0.2 | 12/42 | 0.29 | (0.17–0.43) | NS | 0.90 % | 1.8 | 15/35 | 0.43 | (0.27–0.59) | NS |
White/Asian | 0.46 | 2.8 | 7/10 | 0.70 | (0.40–0.92) | ** | 0.24 % | 0.7 | 4/10 | 0.40 | (0.15–0.70) | NS |
Mixed: Other | 0.39 | -0.7 | 6/26 | 0.23 | (0.10–0.41) | NS | 0.06 % | -2.4 | 1/20 | 0.05 | (0.00–0.20) | * |
Indian | 4.89 | 2.6 | 75/197 | 0.38 | (0.32–0.45) | ** | 5.35 % | 4.7 | 89/201 | 0.44 | (0.38–0.51) | *** |
Pakistani | 3.13 | -1.9 | 48/201 | 0.24 | (0.18–0.30) | NS | 1.86 % | -2.3 | 31/149 | 0.21 | (0.15–0.28) | * |
Bangladeshi | 5.02 | 0.7 | 77/242 | 0.32 | (0.26–0.38) | NS | 3.37 % | 2.3 | 56/148 | 0.38 | (0.30–0.46) | * |
Asian: Other | 1.63 | -0.3 | 25/88 | 0.28 | (0.20–0.38) | NS | 1.44 % | 0.3 | 24/78 | 0.31 | (0.20–0.40) | NS |
Caribbean | 4.30 | 2.4 | 66/174 | 0.38 | (0.31–0.45) | * | 5.41 % | 5.1 | 90/197 | 0.46 | (0.39–0.53) | *** |
African | 4.82 | -2.8 | 74/324 | 0.23 | (0.19–0.28) | ** | 4.45 % | -2.4 | 74/316 | 0.23 | (0.19–0.28) | * |
Black: Other | 0.59 | -1.1 | 9/41 | 0.22 | (0.11–0.36) | NS | 0.60 % | 0.0 | 10/34 | 0.29 | (0.16–0.46) | NS |
Chinese | 0.52 | 1.2 | 8/19 | 0.42 | (0.22–0.64) | NS | 0.48 % | 2.6 | 8/13 | 0.62 | (0.35–0.84) | ** |
Other | 7.74 | -0.3 | 119/409 | 0.29 | (0.29–0.25) | NS | 5.89 % | 0.6 | 98/319 | 0.31 | (0.26–0.36) | NS |
Not stated | 9.18 | -5.7 | 141/687 | 0.07 | (0.06–0.08) | *** | 9.43 % | -14.6 | 157/1243 | 0.13 | (0.11–0.15) | *** |
Total | 100 | 1535/ 5161 | 100 % | 1664/5675 |
Verbal face-to-face Invitation
Ethnic Group | Males | Females | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | % | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | |
White: British | 44.36 | 7.7 | 114/158 | 0.72 | (0.70–0.82) | *** | 44.1 | 3.2 | 127/161 | 0.79 | (0.72–0.85) | *** |
White: Irish | 3.50 | 1.2 | 9/10 | 0.90 | (0.63–0.99) | NS | 4.86 | 2.0 | 14/15 | 0.93 | (0.74–0.99) | * |
White: other | 7.00 | -0.7 | 18/27 | 0.67 | (0.48–0.82) | NS | 5.90 | -1.9 | 17/31 | 0.55 | (0.38–0.71) | NS |
White/Black Caribbean | 1.56 | 0.4 | 4/5 | 0.80 | (0.37–0.99) | NS | 3.13 | 0.0 | 9/13 | 0.69 | (0.42–0.89) | NS |
White/Black African | 2.72 | 0.3 | 7/9 | 0.78 | (0.46–0.96) | NS | 2.43 | 1.1 | 7/8 | 0.88 | (0.56–0.99) | NS |
White/Asian | 0 | -1.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NS | 0.35 | -0.6 | 1/1 | 1.00 | (0.15–1.0) | NS |
Mixed: Other | 0.39 | -0.7 | 1/1 | 1.0 | (0.15–1.0) | NS | 1.04 | 0.2 | 3/4 | 0.75 | (0.28–0.98) | NS |
Indian | 5.84 | 0.6 | 15/19 | 0.79 | (0.58–0.92) | NS | 3.47 | -1.7 | 10/19 | 0.53 | (0.31–0.74) | NS |
Pakistani | 2.72 | -2.3 | 7/15 | 0.47 | (0.24–0.71) | * | 1.39 | -0.7 | 4/7 | 0.57 | (0.23–0.87) | NS |
Bangladeshi | 3.50 | -3.2 | 9/21 | 0.43 | (0.23–0.64) | *** | 2.08 | -1.1 | 6/11 | 0.55 | (0.27–0.81) | NS |
Asian: Other | 2.33 | -0.4 | 6/9 | 0.67 | (0.35–0.91) | NS | 1.04 | 0.2 | 3/4 | 0.75 | (0.28–0.98) | NS |
Caribbean | 4.28 | 0.5 | 11/14 | 0.79 | (0.53–0.94) | NS | 4.51 | -0.1 | 13/19 | 0.68 | (0.46–0.86) | NS |
African | 2.72 | -0.2 | 7/10 | 0.70 | (0.39–0.92) | NS | 4.86 | 0.8 | 14/18 | 0.78 | (0.56–0.93) | NS |
Black: Other | 1.18 | 0.1 | 3/4 | 0.75 | (0.28–0.98) | NS | 0.69 | -0.1 | 2/2 | 1.00 | (0.38–1.0) | NS |
Chinese | 0.39 | 0.7 | 1/1 | 1.0 | (0.15–1.0) | NS | 0.69 | -0.6 | 2/2 | 1.00 | (0.38–1.0) | NS |
Other | 12.06 | -3.0 | 31/55 | 0.56 | (0.43–0.69) | *** | 9.03 | 0.3 | 26/36 | 0.72 | (0.56–0.85) | NS |
Not stated | 5.45 | -4.6 | 14/35 | 0.40 | (0.25–0.57) | *** | 10.43 | -3.2 | 30/58 | 0.52 | (0.39–0.64) | *** |
Total | 100 % | 257/393 | 100 % | 288/ 409 |
Telephone Invitation
Ethnic Group | Males | Females | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | % | ASR | Offered/Uptake | % Uptake Rate | CI | Sig | |
White: British | 16.22 | -1.8 | 18/78 | 0.23 | (0.15–0.33) | NS | 23.76 | -5.4 | 0/32 | 0.00 | (0.00–0.01) | *** |
White: Irish | 1.81 | -0.4 | 2/8 | 0.25 | (0.05–0.59) | NS | 1.98 | 5.7 | 24/25 | 0.96 | (0.84–0.99) | *** |
White: other | 4.50 | -3.5 | 5/49 | 0.10 | (0.04–0.21) | *** | 9.90 | -4.0 | 2/26 | 0.08 | (0.01–0.22) | *** |
White/Black Caribbean | 0.90 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | - | 0 | 3.7 | 10/10 | 1.00 | (0.83–1.00) | *** | |
White/Black African | 0.90 | 0.6 | 1/1 | 1.00 | (0.15–1.0) | NS | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - |
White/Asian | 0.90 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | - | 0 | 1.1 | 1/1 | 1.00 | (0.15–1.00) | NS | |
Mixed: Other | 1.81 | 1.3 | 2/3 | 0.67 | (0.16–0.98) | NS | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - |
Indian | 2.70 | 0.6 | 3/7 | 0.43 | (0.13–0.77) | NS | 9.90 | -1.5 | 0/3 | 0.00 | (0.00–0.00) | NS |
Pakistani | 1.81 | 2.6 | 3/3 | 1.00 | (0.38–1.0) | ** | 5.05 | 3.7 | 10/10 | 1.00 | (0.83–1.00) | *** |
Bangladeshi | 14.41 | 2.7 | 16/30 | 0.53 | (0.36–0.70) | ** | 15.84 | -.01 | 5/12 | 0.42 | (0.15 – 0.72) | NS |
Asian: Other | 0.90 | -1.2 | 1/8 | 0.13 | (0.01–0.45) | NS | 0 | 3.2 | 16/21 | 0.76 | (0.53–0.91) | *** |
Caribbean | 3.60 | 0.8 | 4/9 | 0.44 | (0.17–0.75) | NS | 0.99 | -1.5 | 0/3 | 0.00 | (0.00–0.00) | NS |
African | 2.70 | -0.7 | 3/13 | 0.23 | (0.06–0.50) | NS | 2.97 | -0.04 | 1/3 | 0.33 | (0.02–0.83) | NS |
Black: Other | 0.90 | -0.6 | 0/4 | 0.00 | (0.62–1.0) | NS | 2.02 | 2.0 | 3/3 | 1.00 | (0.83–1.00) | * |
Chinese | 0.90 | 0.6 | 1/1 | 1.00 | (0.15–1.0) | NS | 0 | 1.6 | 2/2 | 1.00 | (0.83–1.00) | NS |
Other | 23.42 | 4.0 | 26/45 | 0.58 | (0.43–0.72) | *** | 10.89 | -3.3 | 0/13 | 0.00 | (0.00–0.00) | *** |
Not stated | 21.62 | -0.8 | 24/85 | 0.28 | (0.19–0.38) | NS | 15.84 | -1.0 | 11/31 | 0.36 | (0.20–0.53) | NS |
Total | 100 | 109/ 344 | 100 | 85/195 |