nach oben

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

Erschienen in:

11.08.2017 | Original Article

Work overcommitment: Is it a trait or a state?

verfasst von: Jean-Baptist du Prel, Roma Runeson-Broberg, Peter Westerholm, Lars Alfredsson, Göran Fahlén, Anders Knutsson, Maria Nordin, Richard Peter

Erschienen in: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health | Ausgabe 1/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

Effort–reward imbalance (ERI) is a well-tested work-related stress model with three components, the two extrinsic components “efforts” and “rewards” and the one intrinsic component “overcommitment”. While an imbalance between “efforts” and “rewards” leads to strain reactions, “work-related overcommitment” (OC) has been described as a personal characteristic with a set of attitudes, behaviours, and emotions reflecting excessive striving combined with a strong desire for approval. However, the question whether OC is a personality trait or a response pattern sensitive to changes in the work context (state) is still open.

Methods

2940 Swedish industrial employees were included in this longitudinal analysis of the WOLF-Norrland data over 5 years. A change of OC index or its subscales were regressed against a change of freedom of choice at work, extra work, and ERI adjusted for age, sex, and education.

Results

While OC was insensitive to changes in freedom of choice at work and extra work, it was clearly associated with changes of work-related stress over time. Three of four OC subscales exhibited statistically significant associations with ERI.

Conclusions

For the first time, we studied fundamental characteristics of OC as an independent personality variable (trait) or an outcome variable subject to changes in the work environment (state). The association between external ERI and OC over time supports our hypothesis of OC being a state. Further investigations are needed to establish OC as a trait or a state.

Aust B, Peter R, Siegrist J (1997) Stress management in bus drivers: a pilot study based on the model of effort-reward imbalance. Int J Stress Manag 4:297–305CrossRef

Backé E, Seidler A, Latza U, Rossnagel K, Schumann B (2012) The role of psychosocial stress at work for the development of cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 85:67–79CrossRef

du Prel JB, Peter R (2015) Work-family conflict as a mediator in the association between work stress and depressive symptoms: cross-sectional evidence from the German lidA-cohort study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 88:359–368CrossRef

Fahlén G (2008) Aspects of the effort reward imbalance model of psychosocial stress in the work environment. Dissertation, Mid University Sweden

Fahlén G, Peter R, Knutsson A (2004) The effort-reward imbalance model of psychosocial stress at the workplace—a comparison of ERI exposure assessment using two estimation methods. Work Stress 18:81–88CrossRef

Fahlén G, Knutsson A, Peter R, Åkerstedt T, Nordin M, Alfredsson L, Westerholm P (2006) Effort-reward imbalance, sleep disturbances and fatigue. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 79:371–378CrossRef

George D, Mallery P (2016) IBM SPSS statistics 23 step by step. A simple guide and reference, 14th edn. Routledge, New York

Gilbert-Ouimet M, Trude X, Brisson C, Milot A, Vézina M (2014) Adverse effects of psychosocial work factors on blood pressure: systematic review of studies on demand-control-support and effort-reward imbalance models. Scand J Work Environ Health 40:109–132CrossRef

Godin I, Kittel F (2004) Differential economic stability and psychosocial stress at work: associations with psychosomatic complaints and absenteeism. Soc Sci Med 58:1543–1553CrossRef

Hanson EK, Schaufeli W, Vrijkotte T, Plomp NH, Godaert GL (2000) The validity and reliability of the Dutch Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire. J Occup Health Psychol 5:142–155CrossRef

Hasselhorn HM, Peter R, Rauch A, Schroeder H, Swart E, Bender S, du Prel JB, Ebener M, March S, Trappmann M, Steinwede J, Mueller BH (2014) Cohort profile: the lidA Cohort Study—a German Cohort Study on work, age, health and work participation. Int J Epidemiol 43:1736–1749CrossRef

Hintsa T, Hintsanen M, Jokela M, Pulkki-Raback L, Keltikangas-Järvinen L (2013) Effort-reward imbalance at work is predicted by temporal and energetic characteristics of behaviour: a population-based study. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 26:413–422CrossRef

Joksimovic L, Starke D, van der Knesebeck O, Siegrist J (2002) Perceived work stress, overcommitment, and self-reported musculoskeletal pain: a cross-sectional investigation. Int J Behav Med 9:122–138CrossRef

Lau B (2008) Effort-reward imbalance and overcommitment in employees in a Norwegian municipality: a cross sectional study. J Occup Med Toxicol 3:9CrossRef

Loerbroks A, Gadinger MC, Bosch JA, Sturmer T, Ml Amelang (2010) Work-related stress, inability to relax after work and risk of adult asthma: a population based cohort study. Allergy 65:1298–1305CrossRef

Matschinger H, Siegrist J, Siegrist K, Dittmann KH (1986) Type A as a coping career-toward a conceptual and methodological redefinition. In: Schmidt TH, Dembroski TM, Blumchen G (eds) Biological and psychological factors in cardiovascular disease. Springer, Berlin, pp 104–126CrossRef

Peter R, Siegrist J (1999) Chronic psychosocial stress at work and cardiovascular disease: the role of effort-reward imbalance. Int J Law Psychiatry 22:441–449CrossRef

Peter R, Alfredsson L, Hammar N, Siegrist J, Theorell T, Westerholm P (1998) High effort, low reward and cardiovascular risk factors in employed Swedish men and women: baseline results from the WOLF- Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 52:540–547CrossRef

Peter R, Siegrist J, Hallqvist J, Reuterwall C, Theorell T, the SHEEP Study Group (2002) Psychosocial work environment and myocardial infarction: improving risk estimation by combining two complementary job stress models in the SHEEP study. J Epidemiol Community Health 56:294–300CrossRef

Peter R, March S, du Prel JB (2016) Are status inconsistency, work stress and work-family conflict associated with depressive symptoms? Testing prospective evidence in the lidA study. Soc Sci Med 151:100–109CrossRef

Preckel D, von Känel R, Kudielka BM, Fischer JE (2005) Overcommitment to work is associated with vital exhaustion. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 78:117–122CrossRef

Raghunathan TE, Lepkowski JM, Van Hoewyk J, Solenberger P (2001) A multivariate technique for multiply imputing missing values using a sequence of regression models. Survey Methodol 27:85–95. http://hbanaszak.mjr.uw.edu.pl/TempTxt/RaghunathanEtAl_2001_MultivariateTechniqueForMultiplyImputingMissingValuesUsingASequenceOfRegressionModels.PDF. Accessed 31 Oct 2016

Schmitt N (1996) Uses and abuses of coefficient alpha. Psychol Assess 8:350–353CrossRef

Siegrist J (1996) Soziale Krisen und Gesundheit [Social Crisis and Health]. Hogrefe, Göttingen

Siegrist J (2002) Effort-reward imbalance at work and health. In: Ganster DC, Perrewé PL (eds) Historical and current perspectives on stress and health. JAI Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 261–291CrossRef

Siegrist J, Li J (2016) Associations of extrinsic and intrinsic components of work stress with health: a systematic review of evidence on the effort-reward imbalance Model. Int J Environ Res Public Health 13:432CrossRef

Siegrist J, Starke D, Chandola T, Godin I, Marmot M, Niedhammer I, Peter R (2004) The measurement of effort-reward imbalance at work: European comparisons. Soc Sci Med 58:1483–1499CrossRef

Siegrist J, Wege N, Pühlhofer F, Wahrendorf M (2009) A short generic measure of work stress in the era of globalization: effort-reward imbalance. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 82:1005–1013CrossRef

Siegrist J, Dragano N, Nyberg ST, Lunau T, Alfredsson L, Erbel R et al (2014) Validating abbreviated measures of effort-reward imbalance at work in European cohort studies: the IPD-Work consortium. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 87:249–256CrossRef

Sorenson MR, Harris BA (2012) Personality contructs and the stress process. In: Rice VH (ed) Handbook of stress, coping, and health, 2nd edn. SAGE, Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC, pp 334–354

Sperlich S, Arnhold-Kerri S, Siegrist J, Geyer S (2013) The mismatch between high effort and low reward in household and family work predicts impaired health among mothers. Eur J Public Health 23:893–898CrossRef

Van Vegchel N, de Jonge J, Bosma H, Schaufeli WB (2005) Reviewing the effort reward imbalance model: drawing up the balance of 45 empirical studies. Soc Sci Med 60:1117–1131CrossRef

Titel: Work overcommitment: Is it a trait or a state?
verfasst von: Jean-Baptist du Prel
Roma Runeson-Broberg
Peter Westerholm
Lars Alfredsson
Göran Fahlén
Anders Knutsson
Maria Nordin
Richard Peter
Publikationsdatum: 11.08.2017
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health / Ausgabe 1/2018
Print ISSN: 0340-0131
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1246
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-017-1253-8

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2018

Levels of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine of people living in an oil producing region of the Andean Amazon (Ecuador and Peru)

Analysis of mortality in a pooled cohort of Canadian and German uranium processing workers with no mining experience

Long working hours directly and indirectly (via short sleep duration) induce headache even in healthy white-collar men: cross-sectional and 1-year follow-up analyses

The Gulf oil spill, miscarriage, and infertility: the GROWH study

First mortality analysis in the French cohort of uranium millers (F-Millers), period 1968–2013

The association between exposure to psychosocial work factors and mental health in older employees, a 3-year follow-up study