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Erschienen in: Gefässchirurgie 2/2009

01.04.2009 | Leitthema

Zerebrale Protektion während offen-chirurgischer Rekonstruktionen des Aortenbogens

verfasst von: G. Mommertz, S. Langer, T.A. Koeppel, G.W.H. Schurink, W.H. Mess, Prof. Dr. M. Jacobs

Erschienen in: Gefässchirurgie | Ausgabe 2/2009

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Zusammenfassung

Die chirurgische Behandlung thorakaler Aortenaneurysmen und -dissektionen, die den Aortenbogen mit einbeziehen, sind nach wie vor eine Herausforderungen in der Gefäßchirurgie. Vor allem der Schutz des Gehirns und des Rückenmarks vor ischämischen und embolischen Komplikationen, die Vermeidung von Gerinnungsstörungen und Blutungen sowie die Prävention einer myokardialen Schädigung während der extrakorporalen Zirkulation gehören zu den primären chirurgischen Zielen.
Verschiedene Techniken wie die tiefe Hypothermie mit Kreislaufstillstand, die retrograde zerebrale Perfusion über die V. cava superior wie auch die selektive antegrade Gehirnperfusion sind in den klinischen Alltag eingeführt worden, um das zentrale Nervensystem vor ischämischen Schäden während der Dauer der Aortenbogenrekonstruktion zu schützen. Trotz aller Vorzüge der protektiven Methoden kommt es jedoch noch relativ häufig zu ischämischen Gehirnkomplikationen. Die Kenntnisse über die Vor- und Nachteile der drei Techniken sowie über die pathophysiologischen Konsequenzen der tiefen Hypothermie sollten bei der Entscheidung über die Indikation eines Kreislaufstillstands wie auch dessen Dauer mitwirken.
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Metadaten
Titel
Zerebrale Protektion während offen-chirurgischer Rekonstruktionen des Aortenbogens
verfasst von
G. Mommertz
S. Langer
T.A. Koeppel
G.W.H. Schurink
W.H. Mess
Prof. Dr. M. Jacobs
Publikationsdatum
01.04.2009
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Gefässchirurgie / Ausgabe 2/2009
Print ISSN: 0948-7034
Elektronische ISSN: 1434-3932
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00772-008-0663-z

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