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Erschienen in: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 11-12/2012

01.11.2012 | Leitthema

Aktuelle Daten und Trends zur Antibiotikaresistenzentwicklung von Clostridium difficile

verfasst von: PD Dr. L. von Müller, A. Halfmann, M Herrmann

Erschienen in: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz | Ausgabe 11-12/2012

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Zusammenfassung

Clostridium difficile ist der häufigste Erreger antibiotikaassoziierter Durchfallerkrankungen. Der Selektionsdruck durch Antibiotika begünstigt die Entwicklung und Ausbreitung multiresistenter Stämme. In der hier dargelegten retrospektiven Untersuchung wurden C.-difficile-Isolate des Universitätsklinikums des Saarlandes und von nationalen Einsendern des Konsiliarlabors phänotypisch und genotypisch charakterisiert. Als prädominante Genotypen wurden der Ribotyp 001 (18%), 014 (16%) und 027 (15%) identifiziert. Metronidazol und Vancomycin wurde Genotyp-unabhängig als sensibel getestet (99,7%). Gegenüber Rifampicin waren 96% der klinischen Isolate sensibel; dabei wurden Rifampicin-Resistenzen gehäuft beim Ribotyp 027 nachgewiesen (12%). Nur 58% bzw. 57% der Isolate waren gegenüber Clarithromycin bzw. Moxifloxacin sensibel; für die epidemisch relevanten Stämme 001, 027 und 078 war der Nachweis einer Makrolid- bzw. Fluoroquinolon-Resistenz – anders als bei sporadisch auftretenden Genotypen – besonders charakteristisch. Eine Differenzierung der Epidemiestämme allein anhand des Antibiogramms war jedoch nicht möglich. Es sollte angestrebt werden, durch Hygienemaßnahmen und einen rationalen Antibiotikaeinsatz die Zahl der C.-difficile-Infektionen (CDI) zu reduzieren und den Selektionsdruck auf multiresistente Stämme zu minimieren.
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Metadaten
Titel
Aktuelle Daten und Trends zur Antibiotikaresistenzentwicklung von Clostridium difficile
verfasst von
PD Dr. L. von Müller
A. Halfmann
M Herrmann
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz / Ausgabe 11-12/2012
Print ISSN: 1436-9990
Elektronische ISSN: 1437-1588
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-012-1556-6

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