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Erschienen in: Arthroskopie 6/2023

10.11.2023 | Computertomografie | Leitthema

Bildgebung des Patellofemoralgelenks

verfasst von: PD Dr. med. Jannik Frings, Felix Zimmermann, Maximilian Hinz, Gerd Seitlinger, Michael C. Liebensteiner

Erschienen in: Arthroskopie | Ausgabe 6/2023

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Zusammenfassung

Die patellofemorale Artikulation ist das Produkt eines komplexen Zusammenspiels statischer, dynamischer und aktiver Stabilisatoren. Deren Funktion beruht auf verschiedenen anatomischen Strukturen des Patellofemoralgelenks (PFG). Dieses weist zudem eine besonders dicke Gelenkknorpeloberfläche auf, deren Zustand zugleich Ursache und Folge verschiedener patellofemoraler Pathologien sein kann. In der Diagnostik des PFG stellt die nativradiologische Röntgendiagnostik bis heute eine wichtige Grundlage dar. Sie dient u. a. der Erkennung akuter Traumafolgen sowie der Beurteilung der Patellahöhe relativ zur Trochlea. Zudem gehört die Ganzbeinröntgenaufnahme im Stehen mittlerweile zur erweiterten Standarddiagnostik, um valgische Beinachsendeformitäten oder indirekte Hinweise auf Torsionsdeformitäten zu erkennen. Gerade in letzterem Fall spielt die Computertomographie (CT) eine wichtige Rolle, zur Analyse der femoralen und tibialen Torsion (Torsions-CT). Zudem ist die CT die Methode der Wahl zur Darstellung komplexer Frakturentitäten. Den Grundpfeiler der patellofemoralen Diagnostik bildet jedoch bis heute die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT). Sie erlaubt eine genaue Beurteilung des patellofemoralen Gelenkknorpels sowie eine Darstellung o. g. anatomischer Strukturen. Im Fall eines klinisch diagnostizierten Patellamaltrackings (PM) steht die Identifikation entsprechender (statischer) anatomischer Risikofaktoren meist im Vordergrund. Neuartige dynamische MRT-Sequenzen ermöglichen zudem eine quantifizierbare Darstellung des Patellatrackings unter dem Einfluss aktiver Muskelkontraktion und ermöglichen so eine direkte Identifikation des PM. Weitere bildgebende Modalitäten wie die Single-Photon-Emissions-Computertomographie/Computertomographie (SPECT-CT) sind speziellen Fragestellungen vorbehalten.
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Metadaten
Titel
Bildgebung des Patellofemoralgelenks
verfasst von
PD Dr. med. Jannik Frings
Felix Zimmermann
Maximilian Hinz
Gerd Seitlinger
Michael C. Liebensteiner
Publikationsdatum
10.11.2023
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Arthroskopie / Ausgabe 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0933-7946
Elektronische ISSN: 1434-3924
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00142-023-00639-6

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2023

Arthroskopie 6/2023 Zur Ausgabe

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Grundlagenwissen der Arthroskopie und Gelenkchirurgie. Erweitert durch Fallbeispiele, Videos und Abbildungen. 
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TEP mit Roboterhilfe führt nicht zu größerer Zufriedenheit

15.05.2024 Knie-TEP Nachrichten

Der Einsatz von Operationsrobotern für den Einbau von Totalendoprothesen des Kniegelenks hat die Präzision der Eingriffe erhöht. Für die postoperative Zufriedenheit der Patienten scheint das aber unerheblich zu sein, wie eine Studie zeigt.

Lever-Sign-Test hilft beim Verdacht auf Kreuzbandriss

15.05.2024 Vordere Kreuzbandruptur Nachrichten

Mit dem Hebelzeichen-Test lässt sich offenbar recht zuverlässig feststellen, ob ein vorderes Kreuzband gerissen ist. In einer Metaanalyse war die Vorhersagekraft vor allem bei positivem Testergebnis hoch.

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

07.05.2024 Klinik aktuell Nachrichten

Extreme Arbeitsverdichtung und kaum Supervision: Dr. Andrea Martini, Sprecherin des Bündnisses Junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte (BJÄ) über den Frust des ärztlichen Nachwuchses und die Vorteile des Rucksack-Modells.

Aquatherapie bei Fibromyalgie wirksamer als Trockenübungen

03.05.2024 Fibromyalgiesyndrom Nachrichten

Bewegungs-, Dehnungs- und Entspannungsübungen im Wasser lindern die Beschwerden von Patientinnen mit Fibromyalgie besser als das Üben auf trockenem Land. Das geht aus einer spanisch-brasilianischen Vergleichsstudie hervor.

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