Background
Methods
Study design and participants
Variable selection
Outcome variable
Explanatory variables
Data analysis
Results
Descriptive statistical analysis
Variable | n(%)or Mean ± SD |
---|---|
Sex | |
Male | 438 (44.65) |
Female | 543 (55.35) |
Age (year) | 28.063 ± 9.451 |
Education level | |
Middle school and below | 71 (7.24) |
High school/technical secondary school | 81 (8.26) |
Junior college | 150 (15.29) |
Bachelor’s degree | 490 (49.95) |
Master’s degree and above | 189 (19.27) |
Occupation | |
Student | 349 (35.58) |
Worker | 22 (2.24) |
Farmer | 3 (0.31) |
Self-employed | 50 (5.10) |
Employee of enterprise or institution | 442 (45.06) |
Retired | 5 (0.51) |
Unemployed | 25 (2.55) |
Other | 85 (8.66) |
Place of residence | |
City | 816 (83.18) |
Countryside or town | 165 (16.82) |
Items | Accuracy n(%) |
---|---|
Recognition of COVID-19 | |
1.COVID-19 is an acute respiratory infection characterized by fever, dry cough, and fatigue. | 857 (87.4) |
2.The genetic characteristics of COVID-19 are not significantly different from those of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). | 621 (63.3) |
3.COVID-19 was not sensitive to heat. | 676 (68.9) |
4.All infected cases present with symptoms of fever. | 621 (63.3) |
5.People generally susceptible to COVID −19. | 737 (75.1) |
6.Specific drugs are available to treat severe cases of COVID-19. | 793 (80.8) |
Transmission Mode | |
7.COVID −19 can be spread through close contact with an infected person. | 871 (88.8) |
8.COVID −19 can be spread by droplets produced when you cough, sneeze or talk to an infected person. | 895 (91.2) |
9.Asymptomatic infected persons may become the source of the COVID − 19 infection. | 786 (80.1) |
Preventive measures and treatment | |
10.Cover your nose and mouth completely with a tissue when coughing or sneezing or bend your elbow to prevent COVID − 19 transmission. | 647 (66.0) |
11.Saltwater gargling is effective in preventing COVID − 19 transmission. | 697 (71.0) |
12.Drinking strong alcohol can effectively prevent COVID − 19 transmission. | 832 (84.8) |
13.Wearing a mask can prevent COVID −19 transmission. | 870 (88.7) |
14.Influenza vaccination is an effective means of preventing COVID −19 transmission. | 637 (64.9) |
15.Avoiding crowded places can help prevent transmission of COVID − 19. | 887 (90.4) |
16.Traditional Chinese medicine can be used to treat COVID −19 cases. | 616 (62.8) |
Mortality rate | |
17.So far, public data show that the mortality rate of the COVID −19 pneumonia is higher than MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome). | 409 (41.7) |
18.So far, public data show that the mortality rate of the COVID −19 pneumonia is lower than that of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). | 539 (54.9) |
Average accuracy | 73.6 |
Items | Never n(%) | Rarely n(%) | Occasionally n(%) | Sometimes(%) | Frequently n(%) | Usually n(%) | Every time(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.Print media use | 254 (25.9) | 184 (18.8) | 158 (16.1) | 137 (14.0) | 113 (11.5) | 95 (9.7) | 40 (4.1) |
2.Broadcast media use | 47 (4.8) | 82 (8.4) | 167 (17.0) | 245 (25.0) | 244 (24.9) | 144 (14.7) | 52 (5.3) |
3.Internet media use | 6 (0.6) | 5 (0.5) | 8 (0.8) | 40 (4.1) | 105 (10.7) | 283 (28.8) | 534 (54.4) |
4.Interpersonal communication | 15 (1.5) | 47 (4.8) | 144 (14.7) | 208 (21.2) | 217 (22.1) | 299 (30.5) | 51 (5.2) |
5.Public communication | 35 (3.6) | 144 (14.7) | 211 (21.5) | 292 (29.8) | 192 (19.6) | 89 (9.1) | 18 (1.8) |
6.Perceived salience of information | 18 (1.8) | 6 (0.6) | 10 (1.0) | 86 (8.8) | 86 (8.8) | 404 (41.2) | 371 (37.8) |
Average rate | 6.4 | 8.0 | 11.9 | 17.1 | 16.3 | 22.3 | 18.1 |
The existence of the knowledge gap of COVID-19
Education level (Mean ± SD) | F | p | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.0(n = 71) | 2.0(n = 81) | 3.0(n = 150) | 4.0(n = 490) | 5.0(n = 189) | |||
Perceived salience of information | 5.92 ± 1.42 | 5.81 ± 1.40 | 5.97 ± 1.23 | 6.21 ± 1.06 | 6.29 ± 0.85 | 4.614 | 0.001** |
Interpersonal communication | 4.57 ± 1.48 | 4.48 ± 1.56 | 4.93 ± 1.41 | 4.93 ± 1.24 | 4.87 ± 1.33 | 2.989 | 0.018* |
Public communication | 4.31 ± 1.52 | 4.56 ± 1.08 | 4.47 ± 1.34 | 4.22 ± 1.28 | 3.72 ± 1.21 | 10.187 | 0.000** |
Broadcast media | 4.89 ± 1.54 | 5.09 ± 1.16 | 4.84 ± 1.46 | 4.39 ± 1.44 | 3.85 ± 1.38 | 17.242 | 0.000** |
Print media | 3.70 ± 1.93 | 4.04 ± 1.68 | 3.79 ± 1.91 | 2.97 ± 1.74 | 2.36 ± 1.60 | 22.79 | 0.000** |
Internet media | 5.45 ± 1.57 | 5.96 ± 1.29 | 6.16 ± 1.11 | 6.40 ± 0.85 | 6.51 ± 0.76 | 19.693 | 0.000** |
knowledge | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Education | 0.228** | Education | ||||||
Area | −0.045 | −0.078* | Area | |||||
Print media | −0.323** | −0.263** | − 0.028 | Print media | ||||
Broadcast media | −0.122** | −0.234** | 0.004 | 0.542** | Broadcast media | |||
Internet media | 0.362** | 0.263** | 0.028 | −0.230** | 0.064* | Internet media | ||
Interpersonal communication | −0.026 | 0.078* | −0.037 | 0.237** | 0.214** | 0.069* | Interpersonal communication | |
Public communication | −0.149** | −0.153** | 0 | 0.501** | 0.539** | −0.019 | 0.365** | Public communication |
Perceived salience of information | 0.286** | 0.125** | 0.002 | −0.095** | 0.02 | 0.268** | 0.166** | 0.089** |
Factors influencing the prediction of the knowledge gap
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B | SE | t | p | β | B | SE | t | p | β | B | SE | t | p | β | |
Constant | 4.043** | 0.144 | 28.172 | 0 | – | 0.804** | 0.289 | 2.78 | 0.006 | – | 2.114** | 0.757 | 2.792 | 0.005 | – |
Education level | 0.275** | 0.038 | 7.327 | 0 | 0.228 | 0.158** | 0.036 | 4.377 | 0 | 0.131 | −0.272 | 0.224 | −1.218 | 0.224 | −0.225 |
Internet media | 0.357** | 0.04 | 8.884 | 0 | 0.274 | 0.129 | 0.1 | 1.29 | 0.197 | 0.099 | |||||
Perceived salience of information | 0.233** | 0.036 | 6.541 | 0 | 0.196 | 0.240* | 0.105 | 2.285 | 0.023 | 0.203 | |||||
education*internet media | 0.075* | 0.03 | 2.49 | 0.013 | 0.462 | ||||||||||
education*perceived salience of information | −0.004 | 0.03 | −0.13 | 0.897 | −0.024 | ||||||||||
R 2 | 0.052 | 0.185 | 0.191 | ||||||||||||
Adjusted R 2 | 0.051 | 0.183 | 0.187 | ||||||||||||
F | F (1,979) =53.689, p = 0.000 | F (3,977) =74.096, p = 0.000 | F (5,975) =45.964, p = 0.000 | ||||||||||||
△R 2 | 0.052 | 0.133 | 0.005 | ||||||||||||
△F | F (1,979) =53.689, p = 0.000 | F (2,977) =79.970, p = 0.000 | F (2,975) =3.253, p = 0.039 |