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Erschienen in: Der Anaesthesist 4/2015

01.04.2015 | Klinische Pharmakologie

Dosierung von Antibiotika bei Nierenfunktionsstörung und kontinuierlicher Nierenersatztherapie

verfasst von: Dr. Erik Michael, DESA, Prof. Dr. Detlef Kindgen-Milles

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 4/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Die adäquate Anpassung der Antibiotikadosierung bei Patienten mit „acute kidney injury“ (AKI) und kontinuierlicher Nierenersatztherapie ist essenziell, um unter Vermeidung von toxischen Nebenwirkungen effektive Wirkspiegel über der minimalen Hemmkonzentration (MHK) zu erreichen. Bei der Wahl der Substanzen sollten Antibiotika mit hoher therapeutischer Breite, geringem Nebenwirkungsspektrum und – sofern möglich – extrarenaler Elimination bevorzugt werden. Spiegelbestimmungen sollen immer durchgeführt werden, wenn dies möglich ist. In jedem Fall muss eine ausreichend hohe “Loading”-Dosis zugeführt werden. Die möglichst genaue Abschätzung einer residualen Nierenfunktion und die Berechnung der maschinellen Clearance erlauben eine für klinische Belange hinreichend genaue Ermittlung der erforderlichen Erhaltungsdosis. Neue Studien lassen den Schluss zu, dass unter moderner kontinuierlicher Nierenersatztherapie das Ausmaß der Antibiotikaelimination regelhaft unterschätzt wird, sodass heute das Risiko einer Antibiotikaunterdosierung höher ist als eine durch Überdosierung bedingte Toxizität.
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Metadaten
Titel
Dosierung von Antibiotika bei Nierenfunktionsstörung und kontinuierlicher Nierenersatztherapie
verfasst von
Dr. Erik Michael, DESA
Prof. Dr. Detlef Kindgen-Milles
Publikationsdatum
01.04.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 4/2015
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-015-0008-8

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