Background
Methods
Study population
Classification of OHSS
Pregnancy outcomes
Other variables
Statistical analysis
Results
Women’ characteristics
Characteristic | OHSS Group (n = 342) | Matched Control (n = 342) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Maternal age (y) | 28.32 ± 3.55 | 28.32 ± 3.55 | 1.000 |
Paternal age (y) | 29.83 ± 4.13 | 29.71 ± 4.26 | 0.695 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.33 ± 3.07 | 22.82 ± 2.43 | 0.051 |
Duration of infertility (y) | 3.01 ± 1.95 | 3.18 ± 2.01 | 0.256 |
Types of infertility (%, n) | 1.000 | ||
Primary infertility | 66.08 (226/342) | 66.08 (226/342) | |
Secondary infertility | 33.92 (116/342) | 33.92 (116/342) | |
Number of pregnancies | 0.54 ± 0.91 | 0.60 ± 1.04 | 0.433 |
Indication of infertility (%, n) | 0.952 | ||
Tubal factor | 31.58 (108/342) | 29.53 (101/342) | |
PCOS | 34.80 (119/342) | 35.67 (122/342) | |
Male factor | 28.07 (96/342) | 28.95 (99/342) | |
Other | 5.56 (19/342) | 5.85 (20/342) | |
Basal serum sex hormone levels | |||
FSH (pmol/L) | 6.18 ± 1.53 | 6.93 ± 1.82 | < 0.001 |
E2 (pmol/L) | 161.50 ± 89.14 | 176.24 ± 133.20 | 0.089 |
PRL (pmol/L) | 25.54 ± 65.47 | 18.70 ± 31.87 | 0.083 |
LH (pmol/L) | 7.75 ± 5.34 | 6.97 ± 5.23 | 0.054 |
T (pmol/L) | 3.55 ± 10.74 | 2.92 ± 8.26 | 0.387 |
Iatrogenic ovarian stimulation (%, n) | 0.860 | ||
Long protocol (Long term effect) | 57.02 (195/342) | 55.97 (188/342) | |
Antagonist protocol | 40.25 (138/342) | 42.40 (145/342) | |
Other | 2.63 (9/342) | 2.63 (9/342) | |
Total Gn dosage (U) | 1849.46 ± 561.80 | 1996.26 ± 735.41 | *0.003 |
Total days of Gn (day) | 10.72 ± 1.83 | 10.98 ± 2.35 | 0.106 |
Number of follicles | |||
Total follicles | 23.26 ± 7.34 | 15.49 ± 7.11 | *0.000 |
Left ovary | 10.95 ± 4.00 | 7.63 ± 4.81 | *0.000 |
Right ovary | 12.32 ± 4.61 | 7.86 ± 3.56 | *0.000 |
Trigger day | |||
Endometrial thickness (mm) | 11.78 ± 2.46 | 11.82 ± 2.42 | 0.830 |
E2 (pmol/L) | 17,850.03 ± 9588.84 | 14,313.96 ± 4400.77 | *< 0.001 |
LH (pmol/L) | 2.66 ± 3.08 | 3.04 ± 3.39 | 0.164 |
P (pmol/L) | 6.38 ± 3.13 | 4.24 ± 2.66 | *< 0.001 |
Number of retrieved oocytes | 25.47 ± 6.38 | 15.37 ± 6.88 | *< 0.001 |
Number of transplantable embryos | 9.65 ± 4.32 | 6.32 ± 3.70 | *< 0.001 |
Number of high-quality embryos | 8.46 ± 4.25 | 5.54 ± 3.54 | *< 0.001 |
Transplant interval (day) | 95.77 ± 43.55 | 92.93 ± 48.39 | 0.419 |
Number of transferred embryos | 1.32 ± 0.47 | 1.31 ± 0.46 | 0.805 |
Pregnancy outcomes between moderate-severe OHSS group and control group
Characteristic | OHSS Group (n = 342) | Matched Control (n = 342) | cOR | aOR |
---|---|---|---|---|
(95% CI) | (95% CI) | |||
Biochemical pregnancy rate (%, n) | 65.2 (223/342) | 68.4 (234/342) | 0.95 (0.69-1.30) | 0.82 (0.56-1.20) |
Clinical pregnancy rate (%, n) | 60.2 (206/342) | 62.3 (213/342) | 0.97 (0.71-1.32) | 0.78 (0.54-1.14) |
Ectopic pregnancy rate (%, n) | 1.9 (4/206) | 0.5 (1/213) | 5.05 (0.65-45.45) | 9.26 (0.50-170.81) |
Miscarriage rate (%, n) | 12.4 (25/202) | 12.7 (27/212) | 0.91 (0.51-1.61) | 0.99 (0.51-1.96) |
Childbirth | 138 | 149 | 0.90 (0.66-1.22) | 0.73 (0.51-1.04) |
Pregnancy complication | ||||
GDM (%, n) | 0.7 (1/138) | 2.0 (3/149) | 0.62 (0.15-2.51) | 0.84 (0.14-4.91) |
PIH (%, n) | 3.6 (5/138) | 3.4 (5/149) | 1.25 (0.36-4.37) | 1.35 (0.32-5.75) |
Placenta previa (%, n) | 1.5 (2/138) | 1.3 (2/149) | 1.25 (0.18-8.94) | 202.4 (0.28-146,434.89) |
Premature rupture of membranes (%, n) | 3.6 (5/138) | 2.0 (3/149) | 2.10 (0.50-8.86) | 1.35 (0.27-6.76) |
Postpartum hemorrhage (%, n) | 0.7 (1/138) | 0 (0/149) | 5,331,600.14 | 3.71 |
Preterm birth (%, n) | 19.6 (27/138) | 14.1 (21/149) | 1.16 (0.64-2.11) | 1.01 (0.51-2.00) |
Cesarean section (%, n) | 67.4 (93/138) | 68.5 (102/149) | 1.03 (0.66-1.60) | 0.67 (0.40-1.13) |
Gestational age (weeks) | 37.9 ± 2.0 | 38.2 ± 1.7 | 0.26(−0.18-0.71) | 3.03 (−0.28-6.34) |
Birth weight (g) | 3313.5 ± 565.2 | 3391.7 ± 574.7 | 108.03(−31.38-247.45) | 153.90 (− 120.13-427.93) |
Birth length (cm) | 50.1 ± 2.5 | 50.0 ± 2.7 | 0.30(−0.28-0.87) | 3.37 (−0.57-7.32) |
Neonatal congenital diseases (%, n) | 0.7 (1/138) | 0.7 (1/149) | 1.25 (0.08-20.08) | 6.93 |
Neonatal death (%, n) | 1.5 (2/138) | 0 (0/149) | 1.07 | 9.64 |
Other neonatal complication (%, n) | 2.2 (3/138) | 2.0 (3/149) | 1.25 (0.25-6.25) | 1.87 (0.24-14.80) |
Pregnancy outcomes among moderate OHSS group, severe OHSS group and controls
Characteristic | Severe vs Moderate | Moderate vs Control | Severe vs Control |
---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Biochemical pregnancy rate (%, n) | 0.69 (0.34-1.41) | 0.73 (0.49-1.10) | 0.51 (0.25-1.04) |
Clinical pregnancy rate (%, n) | 0.82 (0.41-1.66) | 0.72 (0.49-1.07) | 0.60 (0.29-1.21) |
Ectopic pregnancy rate (%, n) | *0.00 | 7.61 (0.39-147.40) | *0.00 |
Early pregnancy abortion rate (%, n) | 0.65 (0.15-2.95) | 0.93 (0.46-1.87) | 0.61 (0.13-2.77) |
Childbirth | 1.08 (0.53-2.20) | 0.70 (0.48-1.02) | 0.75 (0.37-1.54) |
Pregnancy complication | |||
GDM (%, n) | *0.00 | 0.72 (0.12-4.37) | *0.00 |
PIH (%, n) | *0.00 | 1.19 (0.28-5.15) | *0.00 |
Placenta previa (%, n) | *0.00 | 201.40 (0.30-145,378.49) | *0.00 |
Premature rupture of membranes (%, n) | *0.00 | 1.15 (0.22-5.93) | *0.00 |
Postpartum hemorrhage | *0.00 | 6.65 | 2.06 |
Preterm birth (%, n) | 1.23 (0.34-4.54) | 1.05 (0.52-2.14) | 1.30 (0.35-4.82) |
Cesarean section (%, n) | 0.86 (0.28-2.67) | 0.61 (0.36-1.06) | 0.53 (0.17-1.64) |
Neonatal congenital diseases (%, n) | *0.00 | 3.67 | *0.00 |
Neonatal death (%, n) | *0.00 | 8.91 | 0.70 |
Other neonatal complication (%, n) | *0.00 | 1.71 (0.21-13.85) | *0.00 |