Epilepsy is one of the most common brain disorders characterized by recurrent seizures [ 1 ]. The overall prevalence of epilepsy is higher in developing countries than in developed ones [ 2 – 4 ], and approximately 70 million people are affected by …
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) constitutes a complex array of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by core symptoms including social impairments and repetitive, stereotyped behaviors [ 1 ]. The prevalence of this disease has been steadily …
verfasst von:
Yu-Ru Feng, Qian Zhang, Jing-Kun Miao, Ting Yang, Jie Chen, Hong-Yu Chen, Qiu-Hong Mou, Xue-Li Xiang, Dan Long, Qiu-Hong Wei, Yuan Wu, Ting-Yu Li
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as the accumulation of fat in more than 5% of hepatocytes. In adults, the prevalence of NAFLD ranges from 25% to 30% in the general population [ 1 ]. NAFLD can progress to nonalcoholic …
verfasst von:
Eun Joo Lee, Miyoung Choi, Sang Bong Ahn, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Seong Hee Kang, Yuri Cho, Do Seon Song, Hong Koh, Dae Won Jeon, Hye Won Lee
Common symptoms in children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection include fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue, vomiting, and diarrhea [ 1 , 2 ]. Previous studies have reported that children infected with early …
In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic [ 1 ], affecting millions of people worldwide. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 …
verfasst von:
Lieke C. E. Noij, Jelle M. Blankestijn, Coen R. Lap, Marlies A. van Houten, Giske Biesbroek, Anke-Hilse Maitland-van der Zee, Mahmoud I. Abdel-Aziz, Johannes B. van Goudoever, Mattijs W. Alsem, Caroline L. H. Brackel, Kim J. Oostrom, Simone Hashimoto, Suzanne W. J. Terheggen-Lagro
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants occurs when a germinal matrix hemorrhage ruptures into the lateral ventricle through the ependyma [ 1 ]. Grades 3 and 4 (G3 and G4) IVH increase the risk of long-term neurologic and …
verfasst von:
Joonsik Park, Sook-Hyun Park, Yu-ra Kwon, So Jin Yoon, Joo Hee Lim, Jung Ho Han, Jeong Eun Shin, Ho Seon Eun, Min Soo Park, Soon Min Lee
Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is a common type of orthostatic intolerance in the pediatric population [ 1 ]. Although the prognosis is regarded as benign, injuries associated with syncope may occur in 33% of patients with VVS [ 2 ]. Recurrent syncope may …
verfasst von:
Xiao-Juan Du, Ya-Qian Huang, Xue-Ying Li, Ying Liao, Hong-Fang Jin, Jun-Bao Du
Infants with Robin sequence (RS) suffer from respiratory and feeding difficulties, both related to their retro-positioned or underdeveloped mandible. Treatment protocols vary widely in RS, ranging from non-surgical (e.g., prone positioning …
verfasst von:
Cornelia Wiechers, Julian Sowula, Karen Kreutzer, Christoph E. Schwarz, Christina Weismann, Michael Krimmel, Christian F. Poets, Bernd Koos
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social impairment and restricted repetitive behaviors [ 1 ]. ASD is considered to be associated with genetic and environmental risk factors [ 2 ]. The …
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for an important mortality rate in the world [ 1 ]. To date, deaths related to SARS-CoV-2 infection have occurred in more than 6 million people worldwide [ 2 ]. In the …
verfasst von:
Marguerite Lockhart-Bouron, Noémie Vanel, Michael Levy, Anaïs R. Briant, Etienne Javouhey, Sophie Breinig, Julia Dina, Marion Caseris, François Angoulvant, Stéphane Leteurtre, Morgan Recher, David W. Brossier
Methylmalonic acidemia (also aciduria) (MMA) [international classification of diseases (ICD) 10: E71.1, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 251000, mut(0) type], first described as an inborn metabolism error in the year 1967 [ 1 , 2 ], is a …
verfasst von:
Zhi-Xing Zhu, Georgi Z. Genchev, Yan-Min Wang, Wei Ji, Yong-Yong Ren, Guo-Li Tian, Sira Sriswasdi, Hui Lu
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as one of the most prevalent chronic conditions among children [ 1 , 2 ]. It can progress to severe liver diseases, including steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and even cancer [ 3 ]. Alanine …
verfasst von:
Zhao-Yuan Wu, Si-Wei Chi, Liu-Jian Ouyang, Xiao-Qin Xu, Jing-Nan Chen, Bing-Han Jin, Rahim Ullah, Xue-Lian Zhou, Ke Huang, Guan-Ping Dong, Zhe-Ming Li, Ying Shen, Jie Shao, Yan Ni, Jun-Fen Fu, Qiang Shu, Wei Wu
Diarrhea is a common complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), occurring in 43% to 91% of patients, and is associated with substantial morbidity [ 1 – 3 ]. Etiologies of diarrhea in this population include infectious causes …
verfasst von:
Yue Tao, Cheng-Juan Luo, Bing-Hua Zhang, Xin-Yan Shen, Rui-Ke Zhao, Bei-Ying Ma, Nan Shen, Chang-Ying Luo, Jian-Min Wang, Yi-Jun Xia, Li Xie, Jing Chen, Xi Mo
Birth defects are defined as anomalies of body structure or function that occur during intrauterine development, which may be identified before or at birth, or later in life [ 1 ]. Globally, it is estimated that 6% of babies are born with a birth …
verfasst von:
Liang-Yu Kang, Zi-Rui Guo, Wei-Jing Shang, Gui-Ying Cao, Yi-Ping Zhang, Qiao-Mei Wang, Hai-Ping Shen, Wan-Nian Liang, Min Liu
Behçet’s syndrome (BS) is a chronic systemic vasculitis characterized by mucocutaneous and ocular tissue involvement, as well as potential major organ damage affecting the vascular, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, articular, and neurological systems …
verfasst von:
Dan Hu, Chun-Hui She, Hua-Fang Bao, Jun Zou, Jian-Fei Cai, Jing‑Fen Ye, Yan Shen, Hai‑Fen Ma, Dan Luo, Jian-Long Guan
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-preserving method employed for critically ill neonates needing respiratory or cardiac support [ 1 , 2 ]. This technique utilizes a pump and an oxygenator to bypass the heart and lungs of the …
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), an inborn error of metabolism, is one of the most common organic acidurias. The subtype isolated MMA is caused by the deficiency of methyl malonyl-CoA mutase enzyme (MMUT, OMIM #251000) and appears more severe [ 1 , 2 …
verfasst von:
Yi-Zhou Jiang, Guang-Peng Zhou, Lin Wei, Wei Qu, Zhi-Gui Zeng, Ying Liu, Yu-Le Tan, Jun Wang, Zhi-Jun Zhu, Li-Ying Sun
