Auszug
Ein wichtiges Prinzip der Konfrontationsverfahren besteht darin, dass die Patienten unter therapeutischer Hilfe und nach ausführlicher Diagnostik sowie psychologischer Vorbereitung genau die Situationen lang andauernd und wiederholt aufsuchen, in denen ihre psychischen Probleme (z. B. Flugangst, soziale Phobien, Zwangsstörungen) auftreten. In der Literatur wird auch von Expositionsverfahren (mit und ohne Reaktionsverhinderung) gesprochen. In diesem Lehrbuch werden die Begriffe Exposition und Konfrontation synonym verwendet (⊳ Kap. 1, S. 14). Sie bezeichnen eine verhaltenstherapeutische Methode, die ursprünglich zur Behandlung von unangemessenen „ngsten entwickelt wurde. Mittlerweile werden Konfrontationstechniken auch bei der Behandlung weiterer Störungen (z. B. Essstörungen, Abhängigkeitserkrankungen) verwendet. Allerdings entstammen die meisten theoretischen und empirischen Arbeiten zur Konfrontation nach wie vor einem Angststörungsansatz. Somit lässt sich der Literaturhintergrund der nachfolgenden allgemeinen Ausführungen zur Exposition wohl zu Recht als »angstlastig« beschreiben.
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Weiterführende Literatur
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Michael, T., Tuschen-Caffier, B. (2009). Konfrontationsverfahren. In: Margraf, J., Schneider, S. (eds) Lehrbuch der Verhaltenstherapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79541-4_32
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