Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of vitamin C on bone formation in the expanded inter-premaxillary suture. Early bone changes

Effekt von Vitamin C auf die Knochenbildung in der expandierten Gaumennaht. Frühe Knochenstrukturveränderungen

  • Original article
  • Published:
Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this experimental study was to histomorphometrically evaluate the effects of vitamin C administration on bone formation in response to expansion of the rat inter-premaxillary suture.

Materials and methods

A total of 30 50- to 60-day old Wistar male rats were divided into three groups of equal number. The inter-premaxillary suture in each animal was expanded with a 0.49 N force applied to the upper incisors. At 24 h after appliance placement, control animals received saline solution (group I) and two groups were given a single dose of vitamin C using two different methods [locally into the suture (group II) and systemically via intramuscular injection (group III)]. The area of new bone (µm2), the perimeter around the new bone (µm), Feret’s diameter (µm), and the percentage of new bone to non-ossified tissue (%) were measured and compared. Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey tests were used for statistical evaluation at the p<0.05 level.

Results

We observed significant differences among the groups in all histomorphometric parameters. New bone area, bone perimeter, Feret’s diameter, and percentage of new bone dimensions were significantly higher in group III than the others (p<0.001). Histomorphometric measurements of bone architecture revealed that this improved in the group administered with vitamin C systemically, while local injection revealed significantly less bone growth than the control group.

Conclusion

The systemic administration of vitamin C during the early stages of inter-premaxillary suture expansion may stimulate bone growth. However, local injection of this antioxidant into an orthopedically-expanded suture area has negative effects on bone formation.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel

Das Ziel dieser Versuchsstudie an Ratten bestand in der histomorphometrischen Bewertung der Wirkung von Vitamin-C-Gaben auf die Knochenneubildung nach Expansion der Sutura palatina mediana.

Material und Methodik

Dreißig männliche Wistar-Ratten im Alter von 50 bis 60 Tagen wurden in drei gleiche Gruppen eingeteilt. Bei allen Tieren wurde die Sutura palatina mediana durch die Applikation einer Kraft von 0,49 N auf die oberen Schneidezähne geweitet. Vierundzwanzig Stunden nach Einsetzen der Apparatur erhielt eine Kontrollgruppe der Tiere Salzlösung (Gruppe I) und zwei Versuchsgruppen wurden auf zwei verschiedenen Wegen [lokal in die Naht (Gruppe II) und systemisch durch intramuskuläre Injektion (Gruppe III)] mit einer einzelnen Dosis Vitamin C behandelt. Es wurden das neue Knochenareal (µm2), der Knochenumfang um den neuen Knochen (µm), der Feret-Durchmesser (µm) sowie das Verhältnis zwischen neuem Knochengewebe und nicht verknöchertem Gewebe (%) gemessen und verglichen. Für die statistische Auswertung wurden der Kruskal-Wallis- und Tukey-Test auf dem 0,05-Niveau angewendet.

Ergebnisse

Für alle histomorphometrischen Parameter wurden signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen festgestellt. Das neue Knochenareal, der Knochen-Umfang, der Feret-Durchmesser und der Prozentsatz an neuem Knochengewebe waren in Gruppe III signifikant höher als in den anderen Gruppen (p<0,001). Histomorphometrische Messungen zeigten eine Verbesserung der Knochenarchitektur in der Gruppe mit systemisch zugeführtem Vitamin C. Die lokale Injektion beim Vergleich mit der Kontrollgruppe erbrachte jedoch signifikant niedrigere Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der Knochenbildung.

Schlussfolgerung

Systemische Applikation von Vitamin C während der frühen Phasen der Gaumennahtexpansion kann das Knochenwachstum stimulieren. Die lokale Injektion dieses Antioxidans in eine orthopädisch geweitete Sutur hat jedoch negative Auswirkungen auf die Knochenbildung.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

References

  1. Bsoul SA, Terezhalmy GT (2004) Vitamin C in health and disease. J Contemp Dent Pract 2:1–13

    Google Scholar 

  2. Burstone CJ, Shafer WG (1959) Sutural expansion by controlled mechanical stress in the rat. J Dent Res 38:534–540

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Duygulu F, Yakan B, Karaoglu S et al (2007) The effect of zymosan and the protective effect of various antioxidants on fracture healing in rats. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 127:493–501

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Eriksen EF, Axelrod DW, Melson F (1994) Bone histology and histomorphometry. In: Bone histomorphometry. Raven, New York, pp 33–38

  5. Foschi D, Castoldi L, Radaelli E et al (1990) Hyaluronic acid prevents oxygen-free radical damage to granulation tissue: a study in rats. Int J Tissue React 12:333–339

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Franceschi RT (1992) The role of ascorbic acid in mesenchymal differentiation. Nutr Rev 50:65–70

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Franceschi RT, Iyer BS (1992) Relationship between collagen synthesis and expression of the osteoblast phenotype in MC3T3-E1 cells. J Bone Miner Res 7:235–246

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Gokturk E, Turgut A, Baycu C et al (1995) Oxygen-free radicals impair fracture healing in rats. Acta Orthop Scand 66:473–475

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Graber TM, Vanarsdall RL, Vig KWL (2005) Orthodontics: current principles and techniques, 4th ed. Elsevier, Mosby, pp 257–262

  10. Hara K, Akiyama Y (2009) Collagen-related abnormalities, reduction in bone quality, and effects of menatetrenone in rats with a congenital ascorbic acid deficiency. J Bone Miner Metab 27:324–332

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Key LL, Ries WL, Taylor RG et al (1990) Oxygen derived free radicals in osteoclasts: the specificity and location of the nitroblue tetrazolium reaction. Bone 11:115–119

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Kipp DE, Grey CE, McElvain ME et al (1996) Long-term low ascorbic acid intake reduces bone mass in guinea pigs. J Nutr 126:2044–2049

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Rasband WS (2008) Image-J, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/, 1997–2008

  14. Saito S, Shimizu N (1997) Stimulatory effects of low-power laser irradiation on bone regeneration in midpalatal suture during expansion in the rat. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 111:525–532

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sarisözen B, Durak K, Dinçer G et al (2002) The effects of vitamins E and C on fracture healing in rats. J Int Med Res 30:309–313

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Sawada M, Shimizu N (1996) Stimulation of bone formation in the expanding mid-palatal suture by transforming growth factor-beta 1 in the rat. Eur J Orthod 18:169–179

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Sullivan TA, Uschmann B, Hough R et al (1994) Ascorbate modulation of chondrocyte gene expression is independent of its role in collagen secretion. J Biol Chem 269:22500–22506

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Storey E (1973) Tissue response to the movement of bones. Am J Orthop 64:229–247

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Swennen G, Dempf R, Schliephake H (2002) Cranio-facial distraction osteogenesis: a review of the literature. Part II: experimental studies. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 31:123–135

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Ten Cate AR, Freeman E, Dickinson JB (1977) Sutural development: structure and its response to rapid expansion. Am J Orthop 71:622–636

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Turan B, Balcik C, Akkas N (1997) Effect of dietary selenium and vitamin E on the biomechanical properties of rabbit bones. Clin Rheumatol 16:441–449

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Turan B, Can B, Delilbasi E (2003) Selenium combined with vitamin E and vitamin C restores structural alterations of bones in heparin induced osteoporosis. Clin Rheumatol 22:432–436

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Turk C, Halici M, Guney A et al (2004) Promotion of fracture healing by vitamin E in rats. J Int Med Res 32:507–512

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Uysal T, Amasyali M, Enhos S et al (2009) Effect of ED-71, a new active vitamin D analog, on bone formation in an orthopedically expanded suture in rats. A histomorphometric study. Eur J Dent Educ 3:165–172

    Google Scholar 

  25. Uysal T, Amasyali M, Olmez H et al (2009) Stimulation of bone formation in the expanding inter-premaxillary suture by vitamin E, in rat. Korean J Orthod 39:337–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Uysal T, Olmez H, Amasyali M et al (2010) Response of the expanded inter-premaxillary suture to intermittent compression. Early bone changes. Aust Orthod J 26:49–55

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Uysal T, Ustdal A, Sonmez MF et al (2009) Stimulation of bone formation by dietary boron in an orthopedically expanded suture in rabbits. Angle Orthod 79:984–990

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Yamane K, Okano T, Kishimoto H, Hagino H (1999) Effect of ED-71 on modeling of bone in distraction osteogenesis. Bone 24:187–193

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Yilmaz C, Erdemli E, Selek H et al (2001) The contribution of vitamin C to healing of experimental fractures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 121:426–428

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of interest

None declared

Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ortodonti A.D., Cigli, Izmir, Turkey

    T. Uysal

  2. Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    T. Uysal

  3. Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Sciences, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey

    M. Amasyali & H. Olmez

  4. Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey

    S. Enhos

  5. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey

    Y. Karslioglu & O. Gunhan

Authors
  1. T. Uysal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Amasyali
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. H. Olmez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. Enhos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Y. Karslioglu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. O. Gunhan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Uysal.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Uysal, T., Amasyali, M., Olmez, H. et al. Effect of vitamin C on bone formation in the expanded inter-premaxillary suture. Early bone changes. J Orofac Orthop 72, 290–300 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-011-0034-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-011-0034-3

Keywords

Schlüsselwörter

Search

Navigation