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ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders

Erschienen in:

01.09.2012 | Review Article

ADHD and autism: differential diagnosis or overlapping traits? A selective review

verfasst von: Regina Taurines, Christina Schwenck, Eva Westerwald, Michael Sachse, Michael Siniatchkin, Christine Freitag

Erschienen in: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders | Ausgabe 3/2012

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Abstract

According to DSM-IV TR and ICD-10, a diagnosis of autism or Asperger Syndrome precludes a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, despite the different conceptualization, population-based twin studies reported symptom overlap, and a recent epidemiologically based study reported a high rate of ADHD in autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In the planned revision of the DSM-IV TR, dsm5 (www.dsm5.org), the diagnoses of autistic disorder and ADHD will not be mutually exclusive any longer. This provides the basis of more differentiated studies on overlap and distinction between both disorders. This review presents data on comorbidity rates and symptom overlap and discusses common and disorder-specific risk factors, including recent proteomic studies. Neuropsychological findings in the areas of attention, reward processing, and social cognition are then compared between both disorders, as these cognitive abilities show overlapping as well as specific impairment for one of both disorders. In addition, selective brain imaging findings are reported. Therapeutic options are summarized, and new approaches are discussed. The review concludes with a prospectus on open questions for research and clinical practice.

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Titel: ADHD and autism: differential diagnosis or overlapping traits? A selective review
verfasst von: Regina Taurines
Christina Schwenck
Eva Westerwald
Michael Sachse
Michael Siniatchkin
Christine Freitag
Publikationsdatum: 01.09.2012
Verlag: Springer Vienna
Erschienen in: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders / Ausgabe 3/2012
Print ISSN: 1866-6116
Elektronische ISSN: 1866-6647
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-012-0086-2

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